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Transfusion transmitted virus: A review on its molecular characteristics and role in medicine

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第32期12卷 5122-5134页

作者： M Irshad YK joshi Y Sharma I Dhar Clinical Biochemistry Division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi-110029India

The present review gives an updated overview of transfusion transmitted virus （TTV）, a novel agent, in relation to its molecular characteristics, epidemiological features, modes of transmission, tissue tropism, pathogenesis, role in various diseases and its eradication from the body. TTV, a DNA virus, is a single stranded, non-enveloped, 3.8 kb long DNA virus with a small and covalently closed circular genome comprising 3852 bases. It was tentatively designated Cirdnoviridae *** genome sequence is heterogeneous and reveals the existence of six different genotypes and several subtypes. TTV has been reported to transmit not only via parenteral routes, but also via alternate routes. This virus has been detected in different non-human primates as well. At present, TTV is detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） with no other available diagnostic assays. It shows its presence globally and was detected in high percent populations of healthy persons as well as in various disease groups. Initially it was supposed to have strong association with liver disease; however, there is little evidence to show its liver tropism and contribution in causing liver diseases. It shows high prevalence in hemodialysis patients, pointing towards its significance in renal diseases. In addition,TTV is associated with several infectious and non-infectious diseases. Though, its exact pathogenesis is not yet clear, TTV virus possibly resides and multiplies in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）. Recently, attempts have been made to eradicate this virus with interferon treatment. More information is still needed to extricate various mysteries related to TTV.

关键词： Transfusion transmitted virus DNA Virus Hepatitis Transfusion

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Assigning conservation value and identifying hotspots of endemic rattan diversity in the Western Ghats, India

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Plant Diversity 2017年第5期39卷 263-272页

作者： Mukta joshi Bipin Charles G. Ravikanth N.A. Aravind Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE) Royal Enclave Srirampura Jakkur PO Bangalore 560064 India Indian Institute of Sdence Education and Research Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pashan Pune 411008 India

Rattans, or canes, are one of the most important non-timber forest products supporting the livelihood of many forest-dwelling communities in South and North-eastern India. Due to increased demand for rattan products, rattans have been extracted indiscriminately from the Western Ghats, a 1600-km mountain chain running parallel to the west coast of India. Extensive harvesting, loss of habitat and poor regeneration has resulted in dwindling rattan populations, necessitating an urgent attempt to conserve existing rattan resources. In this study, using niche-modelling tools, an attempt has been made to identify areas of high species richness of rattans in the Western Ghats, one of the mega-diversity regions of the world. We have also developed conservation values for 21 economically important and endemic rattans of the Western Ghats. We identified at least two to three sites of extremely high species richness outside the existing protected area network that should be prioritized for in situ *** study emphasizes the need to develop strategies for the long-term conservation of rattans in the Western Ghats, India.

关键词： Calamus NTFP Distribution Protected areas Gap analysis Species distribution models

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Genome Editing Strategies Towards Enhancement of Rice Disease Resistance

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Rice science 2021年第2期28卷 133-145页

作者： Rukmini MISHRA WEI Zheng Raj Kumar joshi ZHAO Kaijun School of Applied Sciences Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswar 752050OdishaIndia National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Biotechnology Rama Devi Women’s UniversityBhubaneswar 751022OdishaIndia

The emerging pests and phytopathogens have reduced the crop yield and quality, which hasthreatened the global food security. Traditional breeding methods, molecular marker-based breedingapproaches and use of genetically modified crops have played a crucial role in strengthening the foodsecurity worldwide. However, their usages in crop improvement have been highly limited due to multiplecaveats. Genome editing tools like transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularlyinterspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) haveeffectively overcome limitations of the conventional breeding methods and are being widely accepted forimprovement of crops. Among the genome editing tools, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as themost powerful tool of genome editing because of its efficiency, amicability, flexibility, low cost andadaptability. Accumulated evidences indicate that genome editing has great potential in improving thedisease resistance in crop plants. In this review, we offered a brief introduction to the mechanisms of differentgenome editing systems and then discussed recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 system-based genomeediting towards enhancement of rice disease resistance by different strategies. This review also discussed thepossible applications of recently developed genome editing approaches like CRISPR/Cas12a (formerlyknown as Cpf1) and base editors for enhancement of rice disease resistance.

关键词： genome editing technology rice improvement CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12a base editor disease resistance

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Primary duodenal neoplasms:A retrospective clinico-pathological analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第7期13卷 1108-1111页

作者： Amanjit Bal Kusum joshi Kim Vaiphei JD Wig Departments of Histopathology and General Surgery Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Sector-12 Chandigarh 160012 India

AIM: To analyze the clinico-pathological spectrum of primary duodenal neoplasms. METHODS: A total of 55 primary duodenal neoplasms reported in the last 10 years after excluding ampullary and periampullary tumors were included in the study. Clinical details were noted and routine hematoxylin and eosin stained paraffin sections were studied for histological subtyping of the tumors. RESULTS: On histopathological examination primary duodenal neoplasms were categorized as: epithelial tumor in 27 cases (49.0%) including 10 cases of adenoma, 15 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 2 cases of Brunner gland adenoma; mesenchymal tumor in 9 cases (16.3%) consisting of 4 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, 4 cases of smooth muscle tumor and I case of neurofibroma; lymphoproliferative tumor in 12 cases (21.8%), and neuroendocrine tumor in 7 cases (12.7%). CONCLUSION: Although non-ampullary/periampullary duodenal adenocarcinomas are rare, they constitute the largest group. Histopathological examination of primary duodenal tumors is important for correct histological subtyping.

关键词： Duodenum Adenocarcinoma Stromal tumor Neuroendocrine tumor Lymphoma

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Size effects on electrical properties of sol–gel grown chromium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第3期34卷 488-495页

作者： Zalak joshi Davit Dhruv K.N.Rathod J.H.Markna A.Satyaprasad A.D.joshi P.S.Solanki N.A.Shah Department of Physics Saurashtra University Department of Nanotechnology V.V.P.Engineering College FCIPT Institute for Plasma Research Department of Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Saurashtra University

In this communication, we report the results of the studies on electrical properties of Zn0.95Cr0.05O nanoparticles synthesized using sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） measurements were performed for the structural and microstructural behaviors of the nanoparticles. Rietveld analysis was carried out to confirm the single phasic nature. High resolution TEM （HRTEM） confirms the nanoscale nature and polycrystalline orientations in the samples. Dielectric response has been understood in the context of universal dielectric response （UDR） model along with the Koop＇s theory and Maxwell - Wagner （M-W） mechanism. Variation in ac conductivity with frequency has been discussed in detail in terms of power law fits. Results of the impedance measurements have been explained on the basis of crystal cores and crystal boundary density. Cole - cole behavior has been studied for the impedance data. For potential application of nanoparticles, average normalized change （ANC） in impedance has been estimated and discussed in the light of size effects and oxygen vacancies.

关键词： Size effects Electrical properties Sol-gelZinc oxide Nanoparticles

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White grubs, Holotrichia rustica and Holotrichia mucida （Coleoptera： Scarabaeidae） as pests of teak （Tectona grandis L. f.） seedlings

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Insect Science 2009年第6期16卷 519-525页

作者： Nitin Kulkarni Sanjay Paunikar Kailash Chandra joshi John Rogers Tropical Forest Research Institute Jabalpur India Research Connections and Consulting P.O. Box 350 Toowong Queensland 4066 Australia

Field observations were carried out between 2002 and 2005 on bio-ecology of white grubs infesting teak （Tectona grandis Linn. f.） seedlings at Ramdongari Forest Nursery, Forest Development Corporation of Maharashtra, Nagpur in central India. The study collected the data required for an integrated pest management strategy against the white grubs. The species damaging teak seedlings were Holotrichia rustica （Burmeister） and H. mucida Gyllenhal. The beetles （adults） of both these species began to emerge just after the pre-monsoon showers and when the relative humidity had risen rapidly over several days, but before the first monsoon rains. While the adults fed and mated on naturally growing bushes of Ziziphus jujuba, Z mauritiana, Z. xylopyra, Acacia leucophloea and A. catechu immediately after the emergence from the teak beds in the nursery, the immature stages （grubs） of both species fed on roots of the teak seedling, leading to plant death. This is the first report of （i） damage caused to teak seedlings by grubs ofH. rustica and H. mucida, and （ii） of *** and Z. mauritiana being hosts for the beetles ofH. mucida and H, rustica. It is also the first detailed report on the field bio-ecology of the H. rustica and H. mucida as major pests ofteak. White grubs are among the toughest-to-manage pests of economic importance and information presented here on the pest incidence and damage ofH. rustica and H. mucida is important to researchers and nursery field managers for the management of these pests on teak.

关键词： adult emergence chafer beetles environmental factors incidence Indian scarabs insect pests Melolonthinae population density Ziziphus

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Design of Evolutionary Algorithm Based Energy Efficient Clustering Approach for Vehicular Adhoc Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 687-699页

作者： VDinesh SSrinivasan Gyanendra Prasad joshi Woong Cho Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kongu Engineering CollegePerundurai638060India Institute of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha University602105ChennaiIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Software Convergence Daegu Catholic UniversityGyeongsan38430Korea

In a vehicular ad hoc network(VANET),a massive quantity of data needs to be transmitted on a large scale in shorter time *** the same time,vehicles exhibit high velocity,leading to more vehicle *** of these characteristics result in unreliable data communication in VANET.A vehicle clustering algorithm clusters the vehicles in groups employed in VANET to enhance network scalability and connection *** is considered one of the possible solutions for attaining effectual interaction in *** one such difficulty was reducing the cluster number under increasing transmitting *** article introduces an Evolutionary Hide Objects Game Optimization based Distance Aware Clustering(EHOGO-DAC)Scheme for *** major intention of the EHOGO-DAC technique is to portion the VANET into distinct sets of clusters by grouping *** addition,the DHOGO-EAC technique is mainly based on the HOGO algorithm,which is stimulated by old games,and the searching agent tries to identify hidden objects in a given *** DHOGO-EAC technique derives a fitness function for the clustering process,including the total number of clusters and Euclidean *** experimental assessment of the DHOGO-EAC technique was carried out under distinct *** comparison outcome stated the enhanced outcomes of the DHOGO-EAC technique compared to recent approaches.

关键词： Vehicular networks clustering evolutionary algorithm fitness function distance metric

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The effect of laser surface texturing on the tribological performance of different Sialon ceramic phases

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第4期26卷 415-421页

作者： Bhupendra joshi Khagendra Tripathi Gobinda Gyawali Soo Wohn Lee Research Center for Eco Multifunctional Nano Materials Sun Moon University

A tribological performance was carried out on different types of hot press Sialon ceramics regarding the phases, i.e., the α-Sialon phase, the β-Sialon phase, and the α/β-Sialon composite phase. The different phases of Sialon ceramics were analyzed by XRD patterns. For the tribological performance, the Sialon ceramics were laser textured and the starved lubrication method was applied with different dimple pitches under a load of 10 N at room temperature. The material having a dimple pitch of 200 mm shows the lowest coefficient of friction. The α/β-Sialon composite phase shows the least coefficient of friction i.e. 0.04 and 0.1 for the textured and polished(without being textured) samples, respectively. The Sialon ceramics show mild wear and therefore, the wear rate of the steel ball(mating partner) was taken into account for the wear analysis. The α-Sialon phase having a higher hardness shows the least wear in comparison to the α/β-Sialon composite phase and the β-Sialon phase.

关键词： Sialon Hot press Laser surface texturing Coefficient of friction Wear

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Quality of spring water used for irrigation in the Almora District of Uttarakhand, India

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第2期32卷 130-136页

作者： Bhandari N. S. Hemant K. joshi Department of Chemistry Kumaun University S. S. J. Campus Almora-263601 Uttarakhand India

This paper aims to propose a quality profile of springs of the study area for irrigation. In the present study, fifty-four springs in Almora have been identified from rural as well as urban localities for calculation of irriga- tional water quality parameters during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon, 2008. Spring water samples are collected and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Na+ , K+ , Ca2+ , Mg2+ , HCO3- , Cl- , and SO42- . Different irrigation quality parameters viz. salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium hazards (MH) and permeability index (PI) are calculated for the evaluation of spring water quality for irrigation purposes. All springs are found excellent to good based on irrigation quality parameters. Based on Wilcox diagram, about 98% of the water resources are grouped as C1S1 (low-low) and C2S1 (medium-low) classes, so springs are suitable for normal irrigation.

关键词：质量档案灌溉泉水印度钠吸附比水质参数总溶解固体研究区域

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Physical properties of lunar craters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期17卷 23-38页

作者： Maitri P. joshi Kushal R Bhatt Rajmal Jain Shri Maneklal M.Patel Institute of Sciences and Research Kadi Sarva VishwavidhyalayaGandhinagar-382015India

The surface of the Moon is highly cratered due to impacts of meteorites, asteroids, comets and other celestial objects. The origin, size, structure, age and composition vary among craters. We study a total of 339 craters observed by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera （LROC）. Out of these 339 craters, 214 craters are known （named craters included in the IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature） and 125 craters are unknown （craters that are not named and objects that are absent in the IAU Gazetteer）. We employ images taken by LROC at the North and South Poles and near side of the Moon. We report for the first time the study of unknown craters, while we also review the study of known craters conducted earlier by previous researchers. Our study is focused on measurements of diameter, depth, latitude and longitude of each crater for both known and unknown craters. The diameter measurements are based on considering the Moon to be a spherical body. The LROC website also provides a plot which enables us to measure the depth and diameter. We found that out of 214 known craters, 161 craters follow a linear relationship between depth （d） and diameter （D）, but 53 craters do not follow this linear relationship. We study physical dimensions of these 53 craters and found that either the depth does not change significantly with diameter or the depths are extremely high relative to diameter （conical）. Similarly, out of 125 unknown craters, 78 craters follow the linear relationship between depth （d） and diameter （D） but 47 craters do not follow the linear relationship. We propose that the craters following the scaling law of depth and diameter, also popularly known as the linear relationship between d and D, are formed by the impact of meteorites having heavy metals with larger dimension, while those with larger diameter but less depth are formed by meteorites/celestial objects having low density material but larger diameter. The craters with very high depth and with very small d

关键词： Moon meteorites meteors meteoroids- planets and satellites: surfaces

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