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Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps,should they be removed during anal fissure surgery?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第16期10卷 2412-2414页

作者： pravin j.gupta Proctologist Gupta Nursing HomeD/9LaxminagarNAGPUR-440022India

AIM:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps are not given due importance in the proctology practice. They are mostly ignored being considered as normal *** present study was aimed to demonstrate that hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps could cause symptoms to the patients and that they should be removed in treatment of patients with chronic fissure in anus. METHODS:Two groups of patients were studied.A hundred patients were studied in group A in which the associated fibrous polyp or papillae were removed by radio frequency surgical device after a lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for relieving the sphincter *** group of a hundred patients who also had papillae or fibrous polyps,were treated by lateral sphincterotomy *** were followed up for one year. RESULTS:Eighty-nine percent patients from group A expressed their satisfaction with the treatment in comparison to only 64% from group B who underwent sphincterotomy alone with the papillae or anal polyps left *** A patients showed a marked reduction with regard to pain and irritation during defecation (P=0.0011), pricking or foreign body sensation in the anus (P=0.0006) and pruritus or wetness around the anal verge (P=0.0008). CONCLUSION:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps should be removed during treatment of chronic anal *** would add to effectiveness and completeness of the procedure.

关键词： Adult Anal Canal Female Fissure in Ano Follow-Up Studies Humans Hypertrophy Intestinal Polyps Male Pain Patient Satisfaction Retrospective Studies Time Factors

Deterioration of Early Holocene coral reef due to sea level rise along west coast of India:Benthic foraminiferal testimony

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第5期3卷 697-705页

作者： Abhijit Mazumder Rajiv Nigam pravin j.Henriques Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany 53 University RoadLucknow 226 007India National Institute of Oceanography Dona PaulaGoa 403 004India Department St.Xavier's CollegeMahapalika MargMumbai 400 001India

A total of 103 surface sediment samples collected from the water depth range of 15-3300 m along Vijaydurg-Karwar stretch of central west coast of India were analyzed for foraminiferal content. Relict benthic foraminiferal assemblage was noted within 50--135 m water depth. The relict benthic foraminiferal assemblage that includes Amphistegina, Operculina and Alveolinella in sediment samples within the water depth of 85-- 135 m indicates presence of coral reef at this depth during Early Holocene. The presence of barnacle fouling on Relict foraminifera at 60--90 m confirms the paleo-shoreline. The shallow depth zone is characterized by presence of agglutinated relict foraminifera. The agglutinated forms indicate freshwater influx, which eventually increased the sea level and subsequently deteriorated the paleo-coral reef.

关键词： Relict benthicforaminifera Early Holocene coral reefPaleo-shoreline West coast of India Sea level rise

Recent developments in self-powered smart chemical sensors for wearable electronics

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Nano Research 2021年第11期14卷 3669-3689页

作者： Aaryashree Surjit Sahoo pravin Walke Saroj Kumar Nayak Chandra Sekhar Rout Dattatray j.Late Shibaura Institute of Technology Koto-CityTokyo135-8548Japan School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarJatniOdisha752050India National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology University of MumbaiMumbaiMaharashtra400098India Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain UniversityRamanagaramBangalore562112India Centre for Nanoscience&Nanotechnology Amity University MaharashtraMumbai-Pune ExpresswayBhatanPost—SomathnePanvelMaharashtra410206India

The next generation of electronics technology is purely going to be based on wearable sensing systems. Wearable electronic sensors that can operate in a continuous and sustainable manner without the need of an external power sources, are essential for portable and mobile electronic applications. In this review article, the recent progress and advantages of wearable self-powered smart chemical sensors systems for wearable electronics are presented. An overview of various modes of energy conversion and storage technologies for self-powered devices is provided. Self-powered chemical sensors (SPCS) systems with integrated energy units are then discussed, separated as solar cell-based SPCS, triboelectric nano-generators based SPCS, piezoelectric nano-generators based SPCS, energy storage device based SPCS, and thermal energy-based SPCS. Finally, the outlook on future prospects of wearable chemical sensors in self-powered sensing systems is addressed.

关键词： chemical sensors self-powered wearable electronics smart sensors

Corrosion Behavior and Hardness of Al-M (M:Mo,Si,Ti,Cr) Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 333-341页

作者： j.Esquivel R.K.gupta Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3906 USA

The corrosion behavior of Al-5 at.% Cr, A1-5 at.% Si, Al-5 at.% Mo and Al-5 at.% Ti produced via casting and Al-5 at.% Cr produced by high-energy ball milling and subsequent consolidation by cold pressing was studied using potentiodynamic polarization and surface analysis following constant immersion tests. Alloys were characterized using a scanning electron microscope coupled with the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Hardness, a representative of the strength, was also measured. The alloys produced by casting contained coarse intermetallics and therefore exhibited poor corrosion resistance. Al-5 at.% Cr alloy produced by high-energy ball milling exhibited a significantly improved corrosion resistance and hardness, which was attributed to the grain refinement to nanoscale and extended solid solubility of Cr in AL The study indicated that the high-energy ball milling was capable of producing Al alloys with improved corrosion behavior and hardness.

关键词： Corrosion Mechanical alloying Casting Aluminum alloys

Instability of binary nanofluids with magnetic field

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第6期36卷 693-706页

作者： U.gupta j.SHARMA V.SHARMA Dr.S.S.Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Panjab University Energy Research Centre Panjab University Department of Mathematics Himachal Pradesh University

The present paper investigates the effects of a vertical magnetic field on the double diffusive nanofluid convection, The effects of the Brownian motion and ther- mophoresis due to the presence of nanoparticles and the effects of the Dufour and Sorer parameters due to the presence of solute are included in the investigated model. The normal mode technique is used to solve the conservation equations. For the analytical study, valid approximations are made in the complex expression for the Rayleigh number to get useful and interesting results. The bottom heavy binary nanofluids are more stable than the regular binary fluids, while the top heavy binary nanofluids are less stable than the regular binary fluids. The critical wave number and the critical Rayleigh number in- crease whereas the frequency of oscillation （for the bottom heavy configuration） decreases when the Chandrasekhar number increases. The numerical results for the alumina-water nanofiuid are studied by use of the MATHEMATICA software.

关键词： natural convection binary nanofluid Brownian motion thermophoresis,Chandrasekhar number

Negundoside,an irridiod glycoside from leaves of Vitex negundo,protects human liver cells against calcium-mediated toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第23期14卷 3693-3709页

作者： Sheikh A Tasduq Peerzada j Kaiser Bishan D gupta Vijay K gupta Rakesh K johri Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine CSIRJammu-Tawi-180001Jammu and KashmirIndia

AIM： To evaluate the protective effect of 2′-p-hydroxy benzoylmussaenosidic acid [negundoside （NG）, against carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）-induced toxicity in HUH-7 cel Is.METHODS： CCI4 is a well characterized hepatotoxin, and inducer of cytochrome P450 2E1 （CYP2E1）-mediated oxidative stress. In addition, lipid peroxidation and accumulation of intracellular calcium are important steps in the pathway involved in CCl4 toxicity. Liver cells （HUH-7） were treated with CCI4, and the mechanism of the cytoprotective effect of NG was assessed. Silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug, was used as control. RESULTS： NG protected HUH-7 cells against CCl4 toxicity and loss of viability without modulating CYP2E1 activity. Prevention of CCl4 toxicity was associated with a reduction in oxidative damage as reflected by decreased generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS）, a decrease in lipid peroxidation and accumulation of intracellular Ca^2＋ levels and maintenance of intracellular glutathione homeostasis. Decreased mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP）, induction of caspases mediated DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest, as a result of CCl4 treatment, were also blocked by NG. The protection afforded by NG seemed to be mediated by activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP） synthesis and inhibition of phospholipases （cPLA2）. CONCLUSION： NG exerts a protective effect on CYP2E1-dependent CCl4 toxicity via inhibition of lipid peroxidation, followed by an improved intracellular calcium homeostasis and inhibition of Ca^2＋-dependent proteases.

关键词： Negundoside Silymarin HUH-7 Carbon tetrachloride CYP 2E1 Oxidative stress Calcium Toxicity

Use of the tumor necrosis factor-blockers for Crohn's disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4823-4854页

作者： Alan BR Thomson Milli gupta Hugh j Freeman Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Medicine University of Alberta Department of Medicine University of British Columbia

The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy for inflammatory bowel disease represents the most important advance in the care of these patients since the publication of the National Co-operative Crohn＇s disease study thirty years ago. The recommendations of numerous consensus groups worldwide are now supported by a wealth of clinical trials and several meta-analyses. In general, it is suggested that tumor necrosis factor-c~ blockers （TNFBs） are indicated （1） for persons with moderately-severe Crohn＇s disease or ulcerative colitis （UC） who have failed two or more causes of glucocorticosteroids and an acceptably long cause （8 wk to 12 wk） of an immune modulator such as azathioprine or methotrexate; （2） non-responsive perianal disease; and （3） severe UC not responding to a 3-d to 5-d course of steroids. Once TNFBs have been introduced and the patient is responsive, therapy given by the IV and SC rate must be continued. It remains open to definitive evidence if concomitant immune modulators are required with TNFB maintenance ther- apy, and when or if TNFB may be weaned and discon- tinued. The supportive evidence from a single study on the role of early versus later introduction of TNFB in the course of a patient＇s illness needs to be confirmed. The risk/benefit profile of TNFB appears to be accept- able as long as the patient is immunized and tested for tuberculosis and viral hepatitis before the initiation of TNFB, and as long as the long-term adverse effects on the development of lymphoma and other tumors do not prone to be problematic. Because the rates of ben- efits to TNFB are modest from a population perspec- tive and the cost of therapy is very high, the ultimate application of use of TNFBs will likely be established by cost/benefit studies.

关键词： Adalimumab Adverse effects Certolizum-ab pegol Crohn's disease Economic evaluation Inflix-imab Secondary lack of response Ulcerative colitis

Evaluation of graphite depressants in a poly-metallic sulfide flotation circuit

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第2期27卷 285-292页

作者： Nikhil gupta Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Synthetic dyes are commonly used for graphite depression in poly-metallic flotation circuits; however,these dyes can be very expensive. The aim of this study is to evaluate performance of certain low-cost alternative depressants for a complex lead-zinc(Pb-Zn) ore rich in graphite(Gr-C) on a conventional mini pilot-scale flotation circuit. The reagents used were commercial and industrial grade starch; agro-based waste-sugarcane bagasse and charred(burnt) bagasse powder. The primary evaluation criteria were quality(grades) of lead and zinc concentrates, their recoveries(%), and graphite rejection(%) in the *** tests using nigrosine as graphite depressant showed 94.3% rejection of Gr-C. The results with commercial starch were found as effective with 93.8% graphite rejection. Furthermore, bagasse powder showed potential in improving product quality(36.4% and 65.6% Pb grade and recovery) with an intermediate effectiveness in graphite rejection(85.6%). The order of effectiveness in Gr-C rejection follows nigrosine % commercial starch > bagasse > industrial starch > charred bagasse. In addition, the effect these depressants on silver(byproduct) grade and recovery was also investigated.

关键词： Graphite depressants Sulfide flotation Dyes Starch Bagasse Hydrophobic impurities

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处理CO2/CFC的温室气体

地理译报 1995年第2期14卷 41-49页

作者： j.B.Weenink j.gupta L.H.j.M janssen 李胜强

温室气体ＣＯ２和ＣＦＣ已受到全世界的重视。而本文重点论述的是那睦并未受到同等关注的温室气体。文章试图系统地提出一个框架结构，以保证在此框架内的全球，地区和国家级政策的制定。

关键词：气候变化温室气体二氧化碳 CFC