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Seismic safety evaluation methodology for masonry building and retrofitting using splint and bandage technique with wire mesh

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 478-505页

作者： pravin kumar Venkat Rao PADALU Yogendra singh Earthquake Engineering Research Center International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad(IIIT-H)Telangana 500032India Department of Earthquake Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee(IITR)Uttarakhand 247667India

The paper presents a seismic safety assessment of unreinforced masonry(URM)building using two *** first approach uses the‘Pier Analysis’method,based on the concept of equivalent lateral stiffness,where in-plane and out-of-plane actions are considered *** second approach is developed with the program SAP2000,where the linear response is evaluated using continuum‘finite element modelling’(FEM).Both methods are compared to evaluate the safety of wall piers and the differences in the outcomes under combined gravitational and lateral seismic *** analysis results showed that few wall elements are unsafe in in-plane and out-of-plane *** is also observed that the pier analysis method is conservative compared to FEM,but can be used as a simplified and quick tool in design offices for safety assessment,with reasonable *** safeguard the URM wall piers under lateral loads,a retrofitting technique is adopted by providing vertical and horizontal belts called splints and bandages,respectively,using welded wire mesh(WWM)*** study using the‘Pier Analysis’shows that the lateral load capacity of unsafe URM piers can be enhanced up to 3.67 times and made safe using the applied retrofitting ***,the retrofitting design methodology and recommendations for application procedures to on-site URM buildings are discussed in detail.

关键词： unreinforced masonry seismic in-plane and out-of-plane forces pier analysis finite element modelling splint and bandage technique with wire mesh

Optimal site selection for a hospital using a fuzzy extended ELECTRE approach

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Journal of Management Analytics 2016年第2期3卷 115-135页

作者： pravin kumar Rajesh kumar singh Prerna Sinha Delhi Technological University DelhiIndia-110042 Management Development Institute GurgaonIndia-110042 Tilkamanjhi Bhagalpur University BhagalpurBiharIndia-812007

About two thirds of the population in India lives in *** is an acute shortage of health centers in rural *** are not located uniformly across different regions of *** areas are also not well connected with cities due to a lack of ***,the demand for super specialty hospitals is greater in rural *** paper has analyzed the health requirement in a prominent Indian state,Bihar,in terms of population *** purpose of this study is to illustrate the hospital site-selection problem by using the fuzzy extended elimination and choice expressing reality(ELECTRE)*** attributes considered for site selection in this paper are cost,proximity,population characteristics,availability of human resources,accessibility,environment,*** findings of the study will be of great value to the health ministry and policy makers in taking judicious decision s while selecting the site for a new hospital or health center.

关键词： site selection multicriteria decision-making fuzzy sets ELECTRE

Efficiency measurement of fertilizer-manufacturing organizations usingFuzzy data envelopment analysis

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Journal of Management Analytics 2017年第3期4卷 276-295页

作者： pravin kumara Rajesh kumar singh Ravi Shankar Department of Mechanical Engineering Delhi Technological UniversityDelhiIndia Management Development Institute GurgaonIndia Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology DelhiDelhiIndia

The aim of the paper is to benchmark the performance of the Indian fertilizermanufacturing organizations based on the ranking of efficiencies using a fuzzy data envelopment analysis(FDEA).FDEA has been used to find the relative efficiency and ranking of the fertilizer-manufacturing *** last few years’data have been converted into the fuzzy inputs and outputs as minimum,mean,and maximum values,*** performance of the fertilizer manufacturing organizations is based on the output maximization model of *** frontier organizations set the benchmark for the lagging organizations for further improvement in the *** method can also be used to incorporate the data of the several years for multiple inputs and outputs instead of consideration of data of only one *** proposed approach in this study may help organizations to improve its efficiency to fulfill its goal.

关键词： benchmarking data envelopment analysis(DEA) fuzzy sets efficiency measurement decision-making units(DMUs) Yager index

Epidemiological perspective of drug resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2015年第4期5卷 77-85页

作者： pravin kumar singh Amita Jain Department of Microbiology King George’s Medical University

Tuberculosis(TB) remains one of the leading infectious diseases causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although, pulmonary TB is the most common presentation and is the main transmissible form of the disease, extrapulmonary TBalso significantly contributes to the burden of disease and can cause severe complications and disabilities. At present, the most serious issue with TB control programme is emergence of multi and extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain worldwide. As the number of drug resistant pulmonary TB is increasing around the world, the number of drug resistant TB with extrapulmonary manifestations are also on rise. However, there is surprisingly scant information in medical literatures on prevalence and impact of extrapulmonary drug-resistant TB. Here, we appraise the recent epidemiological studies that underpin the status and impact of drug resistance in TB cases with extrapulmonary manifestations.

关键词： Extrapulmonary tuberculosis Tuberculosis Epidemiology Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug resistance

Combustion Characteristics of Animal Manures

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第6期7卷 951-960页

作者： pravin kumar Sahu Suryakant Chakradhari Satendra Dewangan khageshwar singh Patel School of Studies in Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India

A huge amount of waste from the cattle livestock and bird poultry are generated using as manure and solid fuel. In this work, the heat value and proximate parameters of livestock and poultry manures are described. The calorific value of manures (n = 22) was ranged from 2580 - 11,200 kcal/kg with mean value (p = 0.05) of 5333 ± 1073 kcal/kg. The effect of cattle age and additives i.e. NaNO3 and Na2WO4 in the heat value of the manures are discussed. The chemical characteristics of the emitted particulate matters (PM) and ash residues are highlighted.

关键词： Livestock Manure Poultry Heat Value Particulate Matters

Combustion Characteristics of Sewage Sludge and Algae

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Natural Resources 2016年第4期7卷 205-213页

作者： Yaman kumar Sahu pravin kumar Sahu Suryakant Chakradhari khageshwar singh Patel School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India

Sewage sludge is a good source of energetically desirable compounds and green algae in developing country like India. In this work, the combustion characteristics of sewage sludge and green algae are described. The calorific value (CV) of dried sewage sludge (n = 7) and green algae (n = 11) was ranged from 1800 to 6250 and 3700 to 6280 kcal/kg with mean value of 3999 ± 1347 and 4428 ± 547 kcal/kg, respectively. The effect of proximate variables and water quality parameters in the CV of sludge and algae are discussed.

关键词： Sewage Sludge Algae Water Quality Caloric Value

Evaluation of “Indigenous Vaccine” Developed Using “Indian Bison Type” Genotype of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosisStrain “S5” of Goat Origin in a Sheep Flock Endemic for Johne’s Disease: A Three Years Trial in India

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World Journal of Vaccines 2013年第2期3卷 52-59页

作者： Shoor Vir singh Ajay Vir singh pravin kumar singh Saurabh Gupta Harendra singh Brajesh singh Omalur Rajendran Vinodh kumar Aripudur Sellappan Rajendiran Narendra Nath Swain Jagdip singh Sohal Central Institute for Research on Goats Mathura Indi Central Institute for Research on Goats Mathura India Southern Regional Research Centre Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute Kodaikanal India

“Indigenous vaccine” developed from native “Indian Bison Type” strain (“S5”) of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) of “goat origin” was first time evaluated in a sheep flock of Bharat Merino breed located in Mannavanur town of Tamil Nadu in South India. Therapeutic efficacy of the vaccine was evaluated for 3 years between 2008 and 2010, on the basis of improvements in productivity (body weights, reproductive efficiency and survivability), physical condition, clinical symptoms (weakness, diarrhea, wool quality), immune response (sero-conversion) and infection load in feces (shedding). After immunization of the flock in 2008, the successive progenies of 112 and 53 lambs born in 2009 and 2010, respectively were vaccinated. Whereas, 40 lambs born to control animals were kept as unvaccinated controls. Though gain in body weights in vaccinated versus controls were not significant in 2008, growth rates were distinctly superior in Ist and IInd generations of vaccinated lambs. Reproductive performance (tupping percent) and survivability of lambs and adult sheep improved significantly. There was overall reduction in yearly morbidity (diarrhea) and mortality rates of the flock in post vaccination years. Shedding of MAP in feces was reduced in vaccinated sheep by 6.2%, 14.3% and 27.3% in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively, whereas shedding increased in the control sheep. Seromonitoring of the animals by “indigenous ELISA kit” showed enhanced “flock immunity” in successive generations. “Indigenous vaccine” reduced clinical disease and shedding and improved immunity and productivity of Bharat Merino flock, endemic for Johne’s disease.

关键词： Paratuberculosis Indigenous Vaccine Indian Bison Type Bharat Merino Sheep India

Urban Pond Water Contamination in India

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第1期7卷 52-59页

作者： Ankit Yadav pravin kumar Sahu Suryakant Chakradhari keshaw Prakash Rajhans Shobhana Ramteke Nohar singh Dahariya Gaurav Agnihotri khageshwar singh Patel School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India

The stagnant water reservoirs in urban area of India are severely contaminated with surfactant and microbe due to anthropogenic activities. In this work, water quality of pond water of the most industrialized city: Raipur, CG, India is described. The concentration of surfactant in the term of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in water (n = 16) is ranged from 7.0 - 27 mg/L with mean value of 17 ± 3 mg/L. All ponds are found to be contaminated with microbes i.e. bacteria, algae and fungi at elevated levels. The physico-chemical characteristics of the pond water are discussed.

关键词： Surfactant Water Quality Microbe Pond

Survival mechanisms of Mycobacterium aviumsubspecies paratuberculosiswithin host species and in the environment—A review

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Natural Science 2013年第6期5卷 710-723页

作者： Shoor Vir singh Ajay Vir singh Avnish kumar pravin kumar singh Rajib Deb Amit kumar Verma Amit kumar Ruchi Tiwari Sandip Chakraborty kuldeep Dhama Animal Genetics and Breeding Project Directorate on Cattle Indian Council of Agricultural Research Meerut India Animal Resource Development Department Pt. Nehru Complex Agartala India Department of Microbiology & Immunology Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Department of Veterinary Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vi- gyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Division of Pathology Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Bareilly India Microbiology Laboratory Animal Health Division Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG) Mathura India National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (NJIL and OMD) Agra India

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes chronic inflammation of the intestine known as Johne’s disease (JD) in domestic and wild ruminants including primates. MAP has also been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) so called Crohn’s disease (CD) of human beings, which is incurable even after surgery. By virtue of the pasteurization resistant power, high endemicity of the infection in animals continues to be the permanent source of infection to human population. High bio-burden of MAP in wide range of biotic (animal hosts including human beings) and abiotic environment in each and every country where it has been investigated, serves a reminder about the survival abilities of the MAP in diverse range of environmental conditions. Ability of the MAP to evade immune system of the host and the temporal events during infection of the macro-phages, is an area of major concern and research activities as the pattern of distribution are quiet different from those of other pathogenic intracellular organisms. Moreover, the organism can survive over a wide range of environmental conditions such as high and low environmental temperatures, pasteurization, low pH, and high salt concentration etc. This superior survival efficiency from environmental degradation and dormancy within host allows the pathogen to be available for causing disease and pathogenicity in animals and human beings, when conditions are favorable. Perusal of literature reveal that, despite the availability of whole genome sequence of MAP, a very little is known about the replication, persistence and survival mechanisms of this pathogen. Therefore, this review tries to address the survival mechanisms of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the different host species and adverse environmental conditions in order to allow designing of more rational diagnostic and control procedures.

关键词： Paratuberculosis Johne’s Disease Reservoir Disease Survival MAP Animal