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Delayed information induces oscillations in a dynamical model for infectious disease

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第2期12卷 163-196页

作者： Anuj kumar prashant K Srivastava Anuradha Yadav School of Mathematics Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala 147004 India Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Patna 801103India

During disease outbreak,it has been observed that information about the disease prevalence induces the individuafs behavioral *** information is usually assumed to be generated by the density of infective individuals and active mass *** delay in reporting of these infective individuals may have its impact on generated ***,to study the impact of delay on information generation,and therefore on the disease dynamics,a delay differential equation model is proposed and *** dynamics of information with delay effect is also modeled by a separate rate *** analysis is performed and a unique infected equilibrium is obtained when the basic reproduction number(R0)is greater than one,whereas the disease free equilibrium always *** R0<1,the disease free equilibrium is found to be locally stable independent of delay *** unique infected equilibrium is found to be locally stable till delay reaches a threshold *** global stability of the unique infected equilibrium is also established under some parametric conditions by constructing a suitable Lyapunov *** occurrence of Hopf bifurcation is observed when the delay in information crosses the threshold ***,the direction and stability of bifurcating periodic solutions is ***,we observed the occurrence of Hopf-Hopf bifurcation at two different *** first delay threshold,the endemic equilibrium loses its st ability and produces periodic oscillations via Hopf *** further regains its stability at second delay threshold via another Hopf ***,the delay effect on information shows possibility of stability *** experiments are carried out to support the obtained analytical *** study infers that the disease will show persistent oscillations if there is a significant time lag in reporting of infective after the disease ***,the delay in dissemination of information shows rich and

关键词： Information behavioral response delay Hopf bifurcation Hopf-Hopf bifurcation

Mathematical model for smoking： Effect of determination and education

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2015年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Anuradha Yadav prashant K. Srivastava Anuj kumar Department of Mathematics School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Patna Patna Bihar 13 India

We propose and analyze mathematical models to study the dynamics of smoking behavior under the influence of educational programs and also individual＇s determination to quit smoking. We establish the positivity and boundedness of the solutions in a biologically feasible region. A threshold value responsible for persistence of smoking is obtained and stability analysis on models is performed. We find that determination alone is not enough to eradicate smoking but it can reduce the prevalence of smoker population. Whereas the increase in education can possibly eradicate it. We performed numerical simulation for representative set of parameters to verify and discuss results obtained analytically.

关键词： Smoking determination education global stability Lyapunov function

Tinospora cordifolia attenuates antipsychotic drug induced hyperprolactinemia in Wistar rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第3期8卷 132-140页

作者： prashant Tiwari Sunil kumar Dubey Pratap kumar Sahu Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSiksha O Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751029India Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology and SciencePilaniIndia

Objective: To evaluate the anti-hyperprolactinemic effect of methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia against antipsychotic/neuroleptic drug induced hyperprolactinemia. Methods: A total of 48 Wistar albino rats were chosen in the study. To induce hyperprolactinemia, haloperidol at 5 mg/kg/day was intraperitoneally administered for 16 continuous days and sulpiride at 20 mg/kg/day was administered intraperitoneally for 28 continuous days. Methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia at 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day were administered orally 30 min before administration of haloperidol and sulpiride for 16 and 28 days, respectively. Then, we had evaluated prolactin, dopamine and antioxidant status in the treatment group as compared to haloperidol and sulpiride. Results: There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum prolactin level and decrease in dopamine level in the haloperidol and sulpiride treated animals. However, methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum prolactin level and increased brain dopamine level. Further, superoxide dismutase and catalase level were also decreased significantly in the haloperidol and sulpiride treated groups as compared to those of the control group and the antioxidant status was restored significantly on treatment with methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia. Furthermore, methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia also reduced total leukocyte count, and increased red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration. In addition, the spleen did not show signs of infection or inflammation in the experiments. Conclusions: Methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia has a significant anti-hyperprolactinemic effect which may be attributed to neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of its signature constituents like stepharanine.

关键词： Antipsychotic Neuroleptic Dopamine Prolactin Superoxide dismutase Catalase

Plants altering hormonal milieu: A review

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第2期6卷 49-53页

作者： prashant Tiwari Pratap kumar Sahu Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSiksha'O'Anusandhan UniversityBhubaneswar

The aim of the present review article is to investigate the herbs which can alter the levels of hormones like Follicle stimulating hormone, Prolactin, Growth hormone, Insulin, Thyroxine, Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone, and Relaxin etc. Hormones are chemical signal agents produced by different endocrine glands for regulating our biological functions. The glands like pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, ovaries in women and testes in men all secrete a number of hormones with different actions. However, when these hormones are perfectly balanced then people become healthy and fit. But several factors like pathophysiological as well as biochemical changes, disease conditions, changes in the atmosphere, changes in the body, diet changesetc. may result in imbalance of various hormones that produce undesirable symptoms and disorders. As medicinal plants have their importance since ancient time, people have been using it in various ways as a source of medicine for regulation of hormonal imbalance. Moreover, it is observed that certain herbs have a balancing effect on hormones and have great impact on well-being of the people. So, considering these facts we expect that the article provides an overview on medicinal plants with potential of altering hormone level.

关键词： Hormone Medicinal plant

Comparative efficacy of hyperbaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 154-165页

作者： Rishi Anand Deb Sanjay Nag Roushan Patel prashant Sharma Vamsi Krishna Uppalapati Umesh kumar Singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JhārkhandIndia

BACKGROUND Intrathecal bupivacaine is the traditional anesthetic drug used in spinal anesthesia for caesarean sections(CSs),but ropivacaine has emerged as a potential *** meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyper-baric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean *** To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in *** A thorough search of electronic databases was carried out to find pertinent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing intrathecal hyperbaric ropi-vacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine during ***,Cochrane database,Google Scholar,and Scopus were searched,and papers from January 2000 to January 2024 were deemed eligible and filtered using predetermined inclusion and exclusion *** were assessed for methodological quality,and data were extracted for time to adequate anesthesia(sensory and motor blockade),duration of sensory and motor block,hemodynamic changes and side effect *** standardized mean difference with 95%CI was used for continuous *** variables were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test and the random effect model to compute the odds *** Total 8 RCTs were selected from a pool of 119 search results for *** meta-analysis evaluated pooled effect sizes and assessed heterogeneity among the *** primary objective was to compare key outcomes to identify any significant variances in efficacy and safety profiles between two local *** analysis revealed that the difference in the onset of sensory blockade between the two local anesthetics was statistically insignificant(P=0.1586).However,the onset of motor blockade appeared to be faster with bupivacaine(P=0.03589).Additionally,the regression of sensory and motor blockade occurred earlier in the ropivacaine ***,the duration of the first analgesic

关键词： Ropivacaine Bupivacaine Anesthesia Spinal Cesarean section Meta-analysis

Theoretical investigation on mechanical,thermal,and ultrasonic properties of epitaxial nanostructured ZrN layers growth on MgO(001)substrate

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ChemPhysMater 2023年第3期2卷 253-258页

作者： Aadesh kumar Prajapati Sachin Rai prashant Srivastav Pramod kumar Yadawa Department of Physics Prof.Rajendra Singh(Rajju Bhaiya)Institute of Physical Sciences for Study and ResearchV.B.S.Purvanchal UniversityJaunpur 222003India

In the present study,we calculated the elastic,mechanical,and thermo-physical properties of Zirconium Nitride(ZrN)/Magnesium Oxide(MgO)(001)nanostructures in the temperature range of 50∼300 K using higher-order elastic *** two fundamental factors,nearest-neighbor distance and hardness parameter,in this tem-perature range,the second-and third-order elastic constants(SOECs and TOECs)are estimated using the Coulomb&Born-Mayer *** computed values of SOECs have been used to calculate Young’s modulus,thermal conductivity,Zener anisotropy,bulk modulus,thermal energy density,shear modulus,and Poisson’s ratio to as-sess the thermal and mechanical properties of the ZrN/MgO(001)nanostructured ***,SOECs are used to calculate the wave velocities for shear as well as longitudinal modes of propagation along crystalline orientations,,andin these temperature *** temperature-dependent Debye average velocity,hardness,melting temperature,and ultrasonic Grüneisen parameters(UGPs)were *** frac-ture/toughness(B/G)ratio in the current investigation was greater than 1.75,indicating that the ZrN/MgO(001)nanostructured layer was ductile in this temperature *** selected materials fully satisfied the Born me-chanical stability *** this ambient temperature,it has been computed how long thermal relaxation takes to complete and how ultrasonic waves are attenuated by thermo-elastic relaxation and phonon-phonon interaction *** results,in combination with other well-known physical properties,can be applied to the non-destructive testing of materials for various industrial applications such as microelectronic devices,optical coatings,batteries,and solar cells.

关键词： Nanostructured layers Elastic properties Thermal conductivity Mechanical properties Ultrasonic properties

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis:A missed diagnosis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第5期12卷 514-523页

作者： prashant Nasa Sandeep Chaudhary Pavan kumar Shrivastava Aanchal Singh Department of Critical Care Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Endocrinology NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Internal Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA)is an acute life-threatening metabolic emergency characterized by ketoacidosis and relatively lower blood glucose(less than 11 mmol/L).The absence of hyperglycemia is a conundrum for physicians in the emergency department and intensive care units;it may delay diagnosis and treatment causing worse *** DKA is an uncommon diagnosis but can occur in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes *** the addition of sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in diabetes mellitus management,euglycemic DKA incidence has *** other causes of euglycemic DKA include pregnancy,fasting,bariatric surgery,gastroparesis,insulin pump failure,cocaine intoxication,chronic liver disease and glycogen storage *** pathophysiology of euglycemic DKA involves a relative or absolute carbohydrate deficit,milder degree of insulin deficiency or resistance and increased glucagon/insulin *** DKA is a diagnosis of exclusion and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a sick patient with a history of diabetes mellitus despite lower blood glucose or absent urine *** diagnostic workup includes arterial blood gas for metabolic acidosis,serum ketones and exclusion of other causes of high anion gap metabolic *** DKA treatment is on the same principles as for DKA with correction of dehydration,electrolytes deficit and insulin *** dextrosecontaining fluids should accompany intravenous insulin to correct metabolic acidosis,ketonemia and to avoid hypoglycemia.

关键词： Diabetic Ketoacidosis Sodium/glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors Pregnancy with diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetes complications Pregnancy in diabetes Ketosis Metabolic acidosis

Current Status of Conventional and Molecular Interventions for Blast Resistance in Rice

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Rice science 2017年第6期24卷 299-321页

作者： Deepti SRIVASTAVA Md SHAMIM Mahesh kumar Anurag MISHRA Pramila PANDEY Deepak kumar prashant YADAV Mohammed Harrish SIDDIQUI Kapildeo Narayan SINGH Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Integral University Lucknow 226021 India Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Dr. Kalam Agricultural College Bihar Agricultural University Sabour Bhagalpur Bihar 813210India Department of Agriculture Biotechnology Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology Modipuram Meerut 250110 India Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj Faizabad 224229 India Indian Council of Agricultural Research Directerate of Rapeseed mustard Research Bharatpur Rajasthan 321303 India

Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular approaches, are utilized to counteract this pathogen. Moreover, some tolerant or resistant rice varieties have been developed with the help of breeding programmes. Isolation and molecular characterization of different blast resistance genes now open the gate for new possibilities to elucidate the actual allelic variants of these genes via various molecular breeding and transgenic approaches. However, the behavioral pattern of this fungus breakups the resistance barriers in the resistant or tolerant rice varieties. This host-pathogen barrier will be possibly countered in future research by comparative genomics data from available genome sequence data of rice and M. oryzae for durable resistance. Present review emphasized fascinating recent updates, new molecular breeding approaches, transgenic and genomics approaches(i.e. mi RNA and genome editing) for the management of blast disease in rice. The updated information will be helpful for the durable, resistance breeding programme in rice against blast pathogen.

关键词： backcross breeding gene pyramiding allele mining transgenic technology rice blast resistance CRISPR/Cas9 molecular breeding bioinformatics approach

BACE1 inhibitors:A promising therapeutic approach for the management of Alzheimer’s disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第9期14卷 369-381页

作者： Richa Arya Smita Jain Sarvesh Paliwal Kirtika Madan Swapnil Sharma Achal Mishra prashant Tiwari Sunil kumar Kadiri Banasthali University Banasthali-304022(Raj.)India Department of Pharmacy Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspurChhattisgarh-495009India Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDayananda Sagar UniversityBengaluru-560111India

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder marked by the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ)aggregates,resulting from mutations in the amyloid precursor *** enzymeβ-secretase,also known asβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1),plays a crucial role in generating Aβ*** no targeted therapy available for Alzheimer’s disease,inhibiting BACE1 aspartic protease has emerged as a primary treatment *** 1999,compounds demonstrating potential binding to the BACE1 receptor have advanced to human *** optimization of synthetically derived compounds,coupled with computational approaches,has offered valuable insights for developing highly selective leads with drug-like *** review highlights pivotal studies on the design and development of BACE1 inhibitors as anti-Alzheimer’s disease *** summarizes computational methods employed in facilitating drug discovery for potential BACE1 inhibitors and provides an update on their clinical status,indicating future directions for novel BACE1 *** promising clinical results of Elenbecestat(E-2609)catalyze the development of effective,selective BACE1 inhibitors in the future.

关键词： BACE1 inhibitors Amyloid precursor protein β-secretase Structure-based drug design 3D-QSAR β-amyloid precursor protein