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In vitro gene silencing of independent phosphoglycerate mutase (iPGM) in the filarial parasite Brugia malayi

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 27-38页

作者： prashant kumar singh Susheela Kushwaha Shahab Mohd Manisha Pathak Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya Division of Parasitology CSIR-Central Drug Research InstituteB.S.10/1Sector 10Jankipuram ExtensionSitapur RoadLucknow 226021UPIndia

Background:The phosphoglycerate mutase(PGM)enzyme catalyzes the interconversion of 2-and 3-phosphoglycerate in the glycolytic/gluconeogenic pathways that are present in the majority of cellular *** can be classified as cofactor-dependent PGM(dPGM)or cofactor-independent PGM(iPGM).Vertebrates,yeasts,and many bacteria have only dPGM,while higher plants,nematodes,archaea,and many other bacteria have only iPGM.A small number of bacteria,including Escherichia coli and certain archaea and protozoa,contain both *** silencing of ipgm in Caenorhabditis elegans(***)has demonstrated the importance of this enzyme in parasite viability and,therefore,its potential as an anthelmintic drug *** this study,the role of the Brugia malayi(***)ipgm in parasite viability,microfilaria release,embryogenesis,and in vivo development of infective larvae post-gene silencing was explored by applying ribonucleic acid(RNA)interference ***:The in vitro ipgm gene silencing by small interfering RNA(siRNA)leads to severe phenotypic deformities in the intrauterine developmental stages of female worms with a drastic reduction(~90%)in the motility of adult parasites and a significantly reduced(80%)release of microfilariae(mf)by female worms in *** half of the in vitro-treated infective L3 displayed sluggish *** in vivo survival and development of siRNA-treated infective larvae(L3)was investigated in the peritoneal cavity of jirds where a~45%reduction in adult worm establishment was ***:The findings clearly suggest that iPGM is essential for both larval and adult stages of *** parasite and that it plays a pivotal role in female worm *** results thus validate the Bm-iPGM as a putative anti-filarial drug target.

关键词： siRNA Lymphatic filariasis Drug target RNAi Embryogenesis

Boundary Element Modeling of Multiconnected Ocean Basin in Visakhapatnam Port Under the Resonance Conditions

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China Ocean Engineering 2021年第5期35卷 662-675页

作者： prashant kumar Prachi PRIYA RAJNI Department of Applied Sciences National Institute of Technology DelhiDelhi 110040India Jindal Global Business School O P Jindal Global UniversitySonipatHaryana 131001India

A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the influence of extreme water waves over multiconnected regions in Visakhapatnam Port,India by considering an average water depth in each multiconnected *** addition,partial reflection of incident waves on coastal boundary is also *** domain of interest is divided mainly into two regions,i.e.,open sea region and harbor region namely as Region-I and Region-II,***,Region-II is divided into multiple connected *** 2-D boundary element method(BEM)including the Chebyshev point discretization is utilized to solve the Helmholtz equation in each region separately to determine the wave *** numerical convergence is performed to obtain the optimum numerical accuracy and the validation of the current numerical approach is also conducted by comparing the simulation results with existing *** four key spots based on the moored ship locations in Visakhapatnam Port are identified to perform the numerical *** wave amplification at these locations is estimated for monochromatic incident waves,considering approximate water depth and different reflection coefficients on the wall of port under the resonance *** addition,wave field analysis inside the Visakhapatnam Port is also conducted to understand resonance *** current numerical model provides an efficient tool to analyze the amplification on any realistic ports or harbors.

关键词： boundary element method amplification factor Helmholtz equation reflection coefficient Visakhapatnam Port

Spatio-temporal assessment of soil salinization utilizing remote sensing derivatives,and prediction modeling:Implications for sustainable development

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第6期15卷 22-36页

作者： prashant kumar Prasoon Tiwari Arkoprovo Biswas prashant kumar Srivastava Department of Geology Centre of Advanced StudyInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005U.P.India Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005U.P.India

This study aims to investigate the combined use of multi-sensor datasets(Landsat 4–5&8 OLI satellite imagery,spatial resolution=30 m)coupled with field studies to evaluate spatio-temporal dynamics of soil salinization along the coastal belt in West Bengal,*** study assesses soil salinization by mapping the salinity and electrical conductivity of saturation extract(ECe)and utilizing spectral signatures for estimating soil *** SI change(%)was analyzed(2021–1995),categorizing increases in salinity levels into 5%,10%,and 50%changes possibly due to salt encrustation on the soil *** land use land cover(LULC)change map(2021–1995)demonstrates that the study area is continuously evolving in terms of ***,in the study area,soil salinity ranges from 0.03 ppt to 3.87 ppt,and ECe varies from 0.35 dSm^(-1)to 52.85 dSm^(-1).Additionally,vulnerable saline soil locations were further *** of soil salinity based on ECe reveals that 26%of samples fall into the nonsaline category,while the rest belong to the saline *** Spectral signatures of the soil samples(n=19)acquired from FieldSpec hand spectrometer show significant absorption features around 1400,1900,and 2250 nm and indicate salt *** results of reflectance spectroscopy were crossvalidated using X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron *** study also employed partial least square regression(PLSR)approach to predict ECe(r^(2)=0.79,RMSE=3.29)and salinity parameters(r^(2)=0.75,RMSE=0.51),suggesting PLSR applicability in monitoring salt-affected soils *** study’s conclusion emphasizes that remote sensing data and multivariate analysis can be crucial tools for mapping spatial variations and predicting soil *** has also been concluded that saline groundwater used for irrigation and aqua-cultural activities exacerbates soil *** study will help policymakers/farmers identify the salt degradation problem more effectivel

关键词： Hyperspectral remote sensing Scanning electron microscopy X-ray fluorescence Partial least square regression Soil salinity Salinity index

Comparative efficacy of hyperbaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 154-165页

作者： Rishi Anand Deb Sanjay Nag Roushan Patel prashant Sharma Vamsi Krishna Uppalapati Umesh kumar singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JhārkhandIndia

BACKGROUND Intrathecal bupivacaine is the traditional anesthetic drug used in spinal anesthesia for caesarean sections(CSs),but ropivacaine has emerged as a potential *** meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyper-baric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean *** To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in *** A thorough search of electronic databases was carried out to find pertinent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing intrathecal hyperbaric ropi-vacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine during ***,Cochrane database,Google Scholar,and Scopus were searched,and papers from January 2000 to January 2024 were deemed eligible and filtered using predetermined inclusion and exclusion *** were assessed for methodological quality,and data were extracted for time to adequate anesthesia(sensory and motor blockade),duration of sensory and motor block,hemodynamic changes and side effect *** standardized mean difference with 95%CI was used for continuous *** variables were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test and the random effect model to compute the odds *** Total 8 RCTs were selected from a pool of 119 search results for *** meta-analysis evaluated pooled effect sizes and assessed heterogeneity among the *** primary objective was to compare key outcomes to identify any significant variances in efficacy and safety profiles between two local *** analysis revealed that the difference in the onset of sensory blockade between the two local anesthetics was statistically insignificant(P=0.1586).However,the onset of motor blockade appeared to be faster with bupivacaine(P=0.03589).Additionally,the regression of sensory and motor blockade occurred earlier in the ropivacaine ***,the duration of the first analgesic

关键词： Ropivacaine Bupivacaine Anesthesia Spinal Cesarean section Meta-analysis

Bianchi type V universe with bulk viscous matter and time varying gravitational and cosmological constants

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第11期12卷 1457-1466页

作者： prashant singh Baghel Jagdish Prasad singh Department of Mathematical Sciences A. P. S. University

We consider spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V space- time with a bulk viscous fluid source, and time varying gravitational constant G and cosmological term A. The coefficient of bulk viscosity ζ is assumed to be a simple linear function of the Hubble parameter H （i.e. ζ = ζ0 ＋ ζ1H, where ζ0 and ζ1 are constants）. The Einstein field equations are solved explicitly by using a law of varia- tion for the Hubble parameter, which yields a constant value of the deceleration pa- rameter. Physical and kinematical parameters of the models are discussed. The models are found to be compatible with the results of astronomical observations.

关键词： bulk viscosity -- Bianchi V -- relativity: equation of state -- cosmology:cosmological parameters -- miscellaneous

Mathematical Modeling of Moored Ship Motion in Arbitrary Harbor utilizing the Porous Breakwater

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China Ocean Engineering 2023年第5期37卷 738-752页

作者： Prachi Priya prashant kumar Gulshan Rajni Government Model Sanskriti Senior Secondary School Ganaur Sonipat 131101India Department of Applied Sciences(Mathematics) National Institute of TechnologyDelhi 110036India JindalGobal Business School O.P.Jindal Global UniversitySonepat 131001India

The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some small ships.A mathematical model is presented based on the Laplace equation utilizing the porous breakwater to investigate the moored ship motion in a partially absorbing/reflecting *** motion of the moored ship is described with the hydrodynamic forces along the rotational motion(roll,pitch,and yaw)and translational motion(surge,sway,and heave).The efficiency of the numerical method is verified by comparing it with the analytical study of Yu and Chwang(1994)for the porous breakwater,and the moored ship motion is compared with the theoretical and experimental data obtained by Yoo(1998)and Takagi et al.(1993).Further,the current numerical scheme is implemented on the realistic Visakhapatnam Fishing port,India,in order to analyze the hydrodynamic forces on moored ship motion under resonance *** model incorporates some essential strategies such as adding a porous breakwater and utilizing the wave absorber to reduce the port’s *** has been observed that these tactics have a significant impact on the resonance inside the port for safe maritime ***,the current numerical model provides an efficient tool to reduce the resonance within the arbitrarily shaped ports for secure anchoring.

关键词： boundary element method Laplace equation porous breakwater partially reflecting/absorbing harbor wall moored ship motion

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis:A missed diagnosis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第5期12卷 514-523页

作者： prashant Nasa Sandeep Chaudhary Pavan kumar Shrivastava Aanchal singh Department of Critical Care Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Endocrinology NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Internal Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA)is an acute life-threatening metabolic emergency characterized by ketoacidosis and relatively lower blood glucose(less than 11 mmol/L).The absence of hyperglycemia is a conundrum for physicians in the emergency department and intensive care units;it may delay diagnosis and treatment causing worse *** DKA is an uncommon diagnosis but can occur in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes *** the addition of sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in diabetes mellitus management,euglycemic DKA incidence has *** other causes of euglycemic DKA include pregnancy,fasting,bariatric surgery,gastroparesis,insulin pump failure,cocaine intoxication,chronic liver disease and glycogen storage *** pathophysiology of euglycemic DKA involves a relative or absolute carbohydrate deficit,milder degree of insulin deficiency or resistance and increased glucagon/insulin *** DKA is a diagnosis of exclusion and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a sick patient with a history of diabetes mellitus despite lower blood glucose or absent urine *** diagnostic workup includes arterial blood gas for metabolic acidosis,serum ketones and exclusion of other causes of high anion gap metabolic *** DKA treatment is on the same principles as for DKA with correction of dehydration,electrolytes deficit and insulin *** dextrosecontaining fluids should accompany intravenous insulin to correct metabolic acidosis,ketonemia and to avoid hypoglycemia.

关键词： Diabetic Ketoacidosis Sodium/glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors Pregnancy with diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetes complications Pregnancy in diabetes Ketosis Metabolic acidosis

Fractionally Delayed Kalman Filter

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第1期7卷 169-177页

作者： Abhinoy kumar singh Discipline of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore

The conventional Kalman filter is based on the assumption of non-delayed measurements. Several modifications appear to address this problem, but they are constrained by two crucial assumptions: 1) the delay is an integer multiple of the sampling interval, and 2) a stochastic model representing the relationship between delayed measurements and a sequence of possible non-delayed measurements is known. Practical problems often fail to satisfy these assumptions, leading to poor estimation accuracy and frequent track-failure. This paper introduces a new variant of the Kalman filter, which is free from the stochastic model requirement and addresses the problem of fractional *** proposed algorithm fixes the maximum delay(problem specific), which can be tuned by the practitioners for varying delay possibilities. A sequence of hypothetically defined intermediate instants characterizes fractional delays while maximum likelihood based delay identification could preclude the stochastic model requirement. Fractional delay realization could help in improving estimation accuracy. Moreover, precluding the need of a stochastic model could enhance the practical applicability. A comparative analysis with ordinary Kalman filter shows the high estimation accuracy of the proposed method in the presence of delay.

关键词： Gaussian likelihood Kalman filter optimal Kalman gain randomly delayed measurements

Major Development Under Gaussian Filtering Since Unscented Kalman Filter

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第5期7卷 1308-1325页

作者： Abhinoy kumar singh IEEE Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore

Filtering is a recursive estimation of hidden states of a dynamic system from noisy *** problems appear in several branches of science and technology,ranging from target tracking to biomedical monitoring.A commonly practiced approach of filtering with nonlinear systems is Gaussian *** early Gaussian filters used a derivative-based implementation,and suffered from several drawbacks,such as the smoothness requirements of system models and poor stability.A derivative-free numerical approximation-based Gaussian filter,named the unscented Kalman filter(UKF),was introduced in the nineties,which offered several advantages over the derivativebased Gaussian *** the proposition of UKF,derivativefree Gaussian filtering has been a highly active research *** paper reviews significant developments made under Gaussian filtering since the proposition of *** review is particularly focused on three categories of developments:i)advancing the numerical approximation methods;ii)modifying the conventional Gaussian approach to further improve the filtering performance;and iii)constrained filtering to address the problem of discrete-time formulation of process *** review highlights the computational aspect of recent developments in all three *** performance of various filters are analyzed by simulating them with real-life target tracking problems.

关键词： Bayesian framework cubature rule-based filtering Gaussian filters Gaussian sum and square-root filtering nonlinear filtering quadrature rule-based filtering unscented transformation