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Effect of potassium on soil conservation and productivity of maize/cowpea based crop rotations in the north-west Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 754-762页

作者： Birendra Nath GHOSH Om Pal Singh KHOLA Ranjan BHATTACHARYYA Kuldeep Singh DADHWAL prasant kumar mishra ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation 218-Kaulagarh RoadDehradunUttarakhand-248195India CESCRA NRL BuildingICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

Plots under conservation tillage may require higher amount of potassium(K) application for augmenting productivity due to its stratification in upper soil layers, thereby reducing K supplying capacity in a medium or long-term period. To test this hypothesis, a field experiment was performed in 2002-2003 and 2006-2007 to study the effect of K and several crop rotations on yield, water productivity, carbon sequestration, grain quality, soil K status and economic benefits derived in maize(Zea mays L)/cowpea(Vigna sinensis L.) based cropping system under minimum tillage(MT). All crops recorded higher grain yield with a higher dose of K(120 kg K2 O ha-1) than recommended K(40 kg K2 O ha-1). The five years' average yield data showed that higher K application(120 kg K2 O ha-1) produced 16.4%(P<0.05)more maize equivalent yield. Cowpea based rotation yielded 14.2%(P<0.05) higher production than maize based rotation. The maximum enhancement was found in cowpea-mustard rotation. Relationship between yield and sustainable indices revealed that only agronomic efficiency of fertilizer input was significantly correlated with yield. Similarly, higherdoses of K application not only increased the water use efficiency(WUE) of all crops, but also reduced runoff and soil loss by 16.5% and 15.8% under maize and 23.3% and 19.7% under cowpea cover, respectively. This study also revealed that on an average 16.5% of left over carbon input contributed to soil organic carbon(SOC). Here, cowpea based rotation with the higher K application increased carbon sequestration in soil. Potassium fertilization also significantly improved the nutritional value of harvested grain by increasing the protein content for maize(by 9.5%) and cowpea(by 10.6%). The oil content in mustard increased by 5.0% and 6.0% after maize and cowpea, respectively. Net return also increased with the application of the higher K than recommended K and the trend was similar to yield. Hence, the present study demonstrated the pote

关键词： Potassium application Crop rotations Minimum tillage water balance Runoff and soil loss Carbon sequestration Soil K status Net return

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The Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinase （OsRLCK） Gene Family in Rice： Organization, Phylogenetic Relationship, and Expression during Development and Stress

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Molecular Plant 2008年第5期1卷 732-750页

作者： Shubha Vij Jitender Giri prasant kumar Dansana Sanjay Kapoor Akhilesh K. Tyagi Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology University of Delhi South Campus Benito Juarez Road New Delhi 110021 India

Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases （RLCKs） in plants belong to the super family of receptor-like kinases （RLKs）. These proteins show homology to RLKs in kinase domain but lack the transmembrane domain. Some of the functionally characterized RLCKs from plants have been shown to play roles in development and stress responses. Previously, 149 and 187 RLCK encoding genes were identified from Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. By using HMM-based domain structure and phylogenetic relationships, we have identified 379 OsRLCKs from rice. OsRLCKs are distributed on all 12 chromosomes of rice and some members are located on duplicated chromosomal segments. Several OsRLCKs probably also undergo alternative splicing, some having evidence only in the form of gene models. To understand their possible functions, expression patterns during landmark stages of vegetative and reproductive development as well as abiotic and biotic stress using microarray and MPSS-based data were analyzed. Real-time PCR-based expression profiling for a selected few genes confirmed the outcome of microarray analysis. Differential expression patterns observed for majority of OsRLCKs during development and stress suggest their involvement in diverse functions in rice. Majority of the stress-responsive OsRLCKs were also found to be localized within mapped regions of abiotic stress QTLs. Outcome of this study would help in selecting organ/development stage specific OsRLCK genes/targets for functional validation studies.

关键词： abiotic stress biotic stress genome-wide analysis kinase rice RLCK.

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Probiotics VSL#3 are effective in reversing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a mouse model

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 170-182页

作者： prasant kumar Jena Lili Sheng Yongchun Li Yui-Jui Yvonne Wan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Department of Gastroenterology Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282China Department of Infectious Diseases Nanhai HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityFoshan 528200China

Background:Probiotic VSL#3 is used to treat ulcerative *** study examines the effect of VSL#3 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)that has liver carcinogenic ***:Western diet(WD)-fed wild-type(WT)mice that do not have hepatic inflammation with lymphocyte infiltration and carcinogenic potential were used for baseline ***-,sex-,and diet-matched bile acid(BA)receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)knockout(KO)mice,which developed severe NASH and had the potential for liver cancer development,were supplemented with and without VSL#3 for 7 *** the mice were euthanized when they were 10 months ***:Supplementation with VSL#3 completely abolished hepatic lymphocyte infiltration,reduced hepatic fat content,and improved insulin sensitivity in WD-fed FXR KO *** addition,VSL#3 normalized dysregulated BA homoeostasis by inhibiting the classical BA synthesis pathway,inducing the alternative BA pathway,and activating ileal G-protein coupled BA receptor 1(GPBAR1)-regulated ***,VSL#3 reconstructed the gut microbiota by reducing Bacteroidaceae,Porphyromonadaceae,and Helicobacteraceae as well as increasing ***,VSL#3 enriched the abundance of Ruminococcus and Faecalibacterium,which generate butyrate,at the genus *** also increased the copy number of the butyrate-producing genes bcoA and buk,suggesting their anti-inflammatory and metabolic ***:VSL#3 is useful in reversing NASH that occurred due to dysregulated BA synthesis and dysbiosis,suggesting its potential in liver cancer prevention.

关键词： Bile acid(BA) farnesoid X receptor(FXR) G-protein coupled bile acid receptor-1(GPBAR1) microbiota inflammation.

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Age-specific microbiota in altering host inflammatory and metabolic signaling as well as metabolome based on the sex

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 31-48,I0003-I0005页

作者： Lili Sheng prasant kumar Jena Ying Hu Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Davis HealthUniversity of CaliforniaSacramentoCAUSA Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Pediatrics Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

Background:Metabolism is sex-different,and the direct link between gut microbiota and aging-associated metabolic changes needs to be established in both ***:Gene expression,metabolic and inflammatory signaling,gut microbiota profile,and metabolome were studied during aging and after fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)in mice of both ***:Our data revealed young female mice and aged male mice were the most insulin sensitive and resistant group,*** addition,aging reduced sex difference in insulin *** age-and sex-dependent metabolic phenotypes were accompanied by shifted gut microbiota profile and altered abundance of bacterial genes that produce butyrate,propionate,and bile *** receiving feces from the aged males(AFMT),the most insulin-resistant group,recipients of both sexes had increased hepatic inflammation and serum ***,AFMT only increased insulin resistance in female mice and abolished sex difference in insulin ***,such changes were accompanied by narrowed sex difference in *** data revealed that age-associated insulin resistance in males was accompanied by increased sugar alcohols and dicarboxylic acids as well as reduced aromatic and branched-chain amino ***,receiving feces from the young females(YFMT),the most insulin-sensitive group,reduced body weight and fasting blood glucose in male recipients and improved insulin sensitivity in females,leading to enhanced sex differences in insulin sensitivity and ***:Aging systemically affected inflammatory and metabolic signaling based on the *** microbiome is age and sex-specific,which affects inflammation and metabolism in a sex-dependent manner.

关键词： Aging microbiome metabolome insulin sensitivity fecal transplantation

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