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Current methods for the maturation of induced pluripotent stem cellderived cardiomyocytes

World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： pranav machiraju Steven C Greenway Departments of Pediatrics and Cardiac Sciences Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of Calgary Departments of Pediatrics Cardiac Sciences Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) were first generated by Yamanaka and colleagues over a decade ago. Since then, iPSCs have been successfully differentiated into many distinct cell types, enabling tissue-, disease-, and patientspecific in vitro modelling. Cardiovascular disease is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide but encompasses rarer disorders of conduction and myocardial function for which a cellular model of study is ideal. Although methods to differentiate iPSCs into beating cardiomyocytes(iPSC-CMs) have recently been adequately optimized and commercialized, the resulting cells remain largely immature with regards to their structure and function,demonstrating fetal gene expression, disorganized morphology, reliance on predominantly glycolytic metabolism and contractile characteristics that differ from those of adult cardiomyocytes. As such, disease modelling using iPSC-CMs may be inaccurate and of limited utility. However, this limitation is widely recognized, and numerous groups have made substantial progress in addressing this problem. This review highlights successful methods that have been developed for the maturation of human iPSC-CMs using small molecules,environmental manipulation and 3-dimensional(3 D) growth approaches.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes Regenerative medicine Stem cell biology Translational research

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Discrete Wavelet Transmission and Modified PSO with ACO Based Feed Forward Neural Network Model for Brain Tumour Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1081-1096页

作者： machiraju Jayalakshmi S.Nagaraja Rao Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering JNTUA AnantapuramuAndhra PradeshIndia Department of ECE G.Pulla Reddy Engineering College(Autonomous)KurnoolAndhra PradeshIndia

In recent years,the development in the field of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)has increased *** traditional machine learning algorithms have been proposed for identifying the pathological brain using magnetic resonance *** existing algorithms have drawbacks with respect to their accuracy,efficiency,and limited learning *** address these issues,we propose a pathological brain tumour detection method that utilizes the Weiner filter to improve the image contrast,2D-discrete wavelet transformation(2D-DWT)to extract the features,probabilistic principal component analysis(PPCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)to normalize and reduce the features,and a feed-forward neural network(FNN)and modified particle swarm optimization(MPSO)with ant colony optimization(ACO)to improve the accuracy,stability,and overcome fitting issues in the classification of brain magnetic resonance *** proposed method achieves better results than other existing algorithms.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transformation ant colony optimization feed-forward neural network linear discriminant analysis

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High performance 20 nm GaSb/InAs junctionless tunnel field effect transistor for low power supply

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第2期36卷 56-61页

作者： pranav Kumar Asthana Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur

We present a GaSb/In As junctionless tunnel FET and investigate its static device characteristics. The proposed structure presents tremendous performance at a very low supply voltage of 0.4 V. The key idea is to the present device architecture, which can be exploited as a digital switching device for sub 20 nm *** simulations resulted in an IOFF of 8×10^-17A/ m, ION of 9 A/ m, ION/IOFF of 1×10^11,subthreshold slope of 9.33 m V/dec and DIBL of 87 m V/V for GaSb/InAs JLTFET at a temperature of 300 K,gate length of 20 nm, HfO2 gate dielectric thickness of 2 nm, film thickness of 10 nm, low-k spacer thickness of 10 nm and VDD of 0.4 V.

关键词： band tunneling (BTBT) tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) junctionless tunnel field effect transistor(JLTFET) ION/IOFF ratio low power digital switching

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Simultaneous enantioseparation and simulation studies of atenolol,metoprolol and propranolol on Chiralpak^■IG column using supercritical fluid chromatography

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第6期11卷 746-756页

作者： pranav A.Pandya Priyanka A.Shah pranav S.Shrivastav Department of Chemistry School of SciencesGujarat UniversityAhmedabad380009India

Enantioseparation of threeβ-blockers,i.e.,atenolol,metoprolol and propranolol,was studied on amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate)immobilized chiral stationary phase using supercritical fluid chromatography(SFC).The effect of organic modifiers(methanol,isopropanol and their mixture),column temperature and back pressure on chiral separation ofβ-blockers was *** chromatographic separation with respect to resolution,retention,and analysis time was achieved using a mixture of CO_(2) and 0.1%isopropyl amine in isopropanol:methanol(50:50,V/V),in 75:25(V/V)*** the optimized conditions,the resolution factors(Rs)and separation factors(a)were greater than3.0 and 1.5,***,with increase in temperature(25-45℃)and pressure(100-150 bars)there was corresponding decrease in retention factors(k),a and ***,a reverse trend(a and Rs)was observed for atenolol with increase in *** thermodynamic data from van’t Hoff plots revealed that the enantioseparation was enthalpy driven for metoprolol and propranolol while entropy driven for *** understand the mechanism of chiral recognition and the elution behavior of the enantiomers,molecular docking studies were *** binding energies obtained from simulation studies were in good agreement with the elution order found experimentally and also with the free energy *** method was validated in the concentration range of 0.5-10μg/m L for all the *** limit of detection and limit of quantitation ranged from 0.126 to 0.137μg/m L and 0.376-0.414μg/m L,*** method was used successfully to analyze these drugs in pharmaceutical preparations.

关键词： Enantioseparation Supercritical fluid chromatography β-blockers Chiralpak^(■)IG column Molecular docking Binding energy

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Nano Cr Interlayered CrN Coatings on Steels

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2005年第6期10卷 690-698页

作者： pranav Deshpande Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering M.L. #12 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45242 USA

CrN coated steels assisted with a nano Cr interlayer were investigated. The Cr nano-interlayers were prepared by sputter deposition with a thickness about 70-100 nm. CrN coatings were also prepared by sputter deposition on the Cr nano-interlayers. The crystal structures, microhardness, and scratch resistance of CrN/Cr coatings were determined. Results show that the Cr nano-interlayers improve scratch resistance and the microhardness of CrN coated steels. A rapid heat treatment with infrared （IR） was performed for coated specimens in the attempt to improve bonding, With IR heat treatments, the beneficial effect of the Cr nano-interlayers was clearly observed. Without the Cr nano-interlayers, severe cracks on the surface of coatings were observed after IR heat treatment. However, with a Cr interlayer, no cracks on the surface of CrN coatings were observed after the heat treatment. The scratch resistance of coatings was also affected by the Cr nano-interlayers. The scratch track was clean and showed significantly smaller amount of scratch debris for CrN coatings with Cr interlayers than those without the Cr nano-interlayers. The microhardness of coatings with the Cr nano-interlayers is higher than those without the Cr nano-interlayers after IR heat treatment. The Cr and CrN phase have been identified with X-ray diffraction analysis, and the results show that the higher the nitrogen content in the sputtering gas, the stronger the CrN peaks observed in the diffraction patterns are.

关键词： hard chromium replacement chromium nitride chromium nano-interlayer reactive sputter deposition infrared heat treatment

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Bismuth Modified Porous Silica Preparation,Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity Evaluation for Degradation of Isoproturon

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第7期29卷 639-646页

作者： Anil Kumar Reddy Police Srinivas Basavaraju Durga Kumari Valluri Subrahmanyam machiraju Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyHyderabad 500607India

Porous silica prepared by using an acrylic emulsion has been impregnated with bismuth ion resulting in Bi2Si05 species containing surface. The as-prepared materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive analysis of X-ray （EDAX）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and N2 adsorption/desorption techniques. EDAX analysis confirms the penetration of bismuth ions into the framework of silica to form Bi2SiO5, which is substantiated by XRD. The UV-Vis DRS shows that the catalysts are optically active and XPS confirms the inclusion of bismuth into the framework of silica. FTIR spectra illustrate the formation of Bi-O-Si linkages in the porous silica framework. SEM and TEM show the spherical morphology, whereas N2 adsorption/desorption study confirms the porosity of the prepared materials. The photocatalytic activity of the material is evaluated for the degradation of isoproturon herbicide and it is found that the material is active as compared to the commercial P-25 Degussa TiO2.

关键词： Acrylic emulsion Emulsion polymerization technique Porous silica Bi2SiO5 Photocatalyfic degradation lsoproturon

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Catalytic decomposition of CH_4 over Ni-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 catalysts:Influence of pretreatment conditions for the production of H_2

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2008年第2期17卷 113-119页

作者： Jangam Ashok Gangadhara Raju Padigapati Shiva Reddy machiraju Subrahmanyam Akula Venugopal Catalysis and Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyTarnakaHyderabadIndia-500 607

This article reports the production of COx free hydrogen and carbon nanofibers by the catalytic decomposition of methane over Ni-Al2O3-SiO2 catalysts. The influence of reaction temperature, pretreatment temperature, and effect of reductive pretreatment on the decomposition of methane activity is investigated. The physico-chemical characteristics of fresh and deactivated samples were characterized using BET-SA, XRD, TPR, SEM/TEM, CHNS analyses and correlated with the methane decomposition results obtained. The Ni-Al-Si （4 ： 0.5 ： 1.5） catalyst reduced with hydrazine hydrate produced better H2 yields of ca. 1815 mol H2/mol Ni than the catalyst reduced with 5% H2/N2.

关键词： in situ reduction Ni-Al2O3-SiO2 catalyst methane decomposition hydrogen production carbon nanofibers

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Chemical surface tuning of zinc metal anode toward stable,dendrite-less aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 1-8,I0001页

作者： pranav Kulkarni Sun-Sik Kim Hyun Young Jung Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea Department of Energy System Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea

The commercialization of Zn batteries is confronted with urgent challenges in the metal anode,such as dendrite formation,capacity loss,and cracking or ***,surface interfacial engineering of the Zn anode is introduced for achieving safety and dendritic-free cycling for high-performance aqueous Zn batteries through a simple but highly effective chemical etching-substitution *** chemical modification induces a rough peak-valley surface with a thin fluorine-rich interfacial layer on the Zn anode surface,which regulates the growth orientation via guiding uniform Zn plating/stripping,significantly enhances accessibility to aqueous electrolytes and improves wettability by reducing surface *** a result,such a synergetic surface effect enables uniform Zn plating/stripping with low polarization of 29 m V at a current density of 0.5 m A cm^(-2) with stable cyclic performance up to 1000 ***,a full cell composed of a fluorine-substituted Zn anode coupled with aβ-MnO_(2)or Ba-V_(6)O_(13)cathode demonstrates improved capacity retention to 1000 cycles compared to the pristine-Zn *** proposed valley deposition model provides the practical direction of surface-modified interfacial chemistries for improving the electrochemical properties of multivalent metal anodes via surface tuning.

关键词： Dendrite free Peak-Valley surface Zinc-ion batteries Surface modification Fluorinated interface

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Design and investigation of doping-less gate-all-around TFET with Mg_(2)Si source material for low power and enhanced performance applications

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第10期32卷 615-624页

作者： pranav Agarwal Sankalp Rai Rakshit Y.A Varun Mishra Graphic Era(deemed to be university) DehradunUttarakhandIndia

Metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)faces the major problem of being unable to achieve a subthreshold swing(SS)below 60 mV/*** device dimensions continue to reduce and the demand for high switching ratios for low power consumption increases,the tunnel field-effect transistor(TFET)appears to be a viable device,displaying promising characteristic as an answer to the shortcomings of the traditional *** far,TFET designing has been a task of sacrificing higher ON state current for low subthreshold swing(and vice versa),and a device that displays both while maintaining structural integrity and operational stability lies in the nascent stages of popular *** work presents a comprehensive analysis of a heterojunction plasma doped gate-all-around TFET(HPD-GAA-TFET)by making a comparison between Mg_(2)Si and Si which serve as source *** plasma technique is employed to implement doping in an intrinsic silicon wafer with the help of suitable electrodes.A low-energy bandgap material,*** silicide is incorporated as source material to form a heterojunction between source and silicon-based channel.A rigorous comparison of performance between Si-based GAA-TFET and HPD-GAA-TFET is conducted in terms of electrical,radio frequency(RF),linearity,and distortion *** is observable that HPD-GAA-TFET outperforms conventional Si-based GAA-TFET with an ON-state current(I_(ON)),subthreshold swing(SS),threshold voltage(V_(th)),and current switching ratio being 0.377 mA,12.660 mV/dec,0.214 V,and 2.985×10^(12),***,HPD-GAA-TFET holds faster switching and is more reliable than Si-based ***,HPD-GAA-TFET is suitable for low-power applications.

关键词： subthreshold Mg_(2)Si heterojunction charge plasma gate-all-around(GAA)

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Mechanism of Action of Natural Products Used in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第8期17卷 563-574页

作者： pranav Kumar Prabhakar Mukesh Doble Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Diabetes mellitus（DM） is a metabolic disorder caused by insufficient or inefficient insulin secretary response and it is characterized by increased blood glucose levels（hyperglycemia）.DM is a heterogonous group of *** is the main energy source for the body,and in the case of DM,management of glucose becomes *** are three key defects in the onset of hyperglycemia in DM,namely increased hepatic glucose production,diminished insulin secretion, and impaired insulin *** drugs treat diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity,increasing insulin production and/or decreasing the amount of glucose in *** article provides a comprehensive review of the mode of action of most popular hypoglycemic herbs,such as ginseng,bitter melon,fenugreek,banaba, Gymnema sylvestre and Coptis *** herbs act by increasing insulin secretion,enhancing glucose uptake by adipose and skeletal muscle tissues,inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption and inhibiting hepatic glucose *** evidence from animals and humans consistently supports the therapeutic effect of these phytomedicines,multicenter large-scale clinical trials have not been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these herbal medicines and their interaction with conventional drugs when administered simultaneously.

关键词： hyperglycemia medicinal plants ginseng bitter melon fenugreek banaba

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