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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under Post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice Science 2024年第5期 572-589页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder SINGH Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEDI pranab kumar mandal Milan kumar LAL Prakash kumar JHA P.V.Vara PRASAD Anjali ANAND Division of Plant Physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI) Division of Environment Science ICAR-IARI Division of Genetics ICAR-IARI ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State University Department of Agronomy Kansas State University

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures（HNT） could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana（HNT-sensitive） and Nagina 22（HNT-tolerant）, were exposed to HNT（4 ℃ above the control） from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source（flag leaf） and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks（superior and inferior spikelets）. Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of14C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under Post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 572-586,I0059-I0061页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder SINGH Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEDI pranab kumar mandal Milan kumar LAL Prakash kumar JHA P.V.Vara PRASAD Anjali ANAND Division of Plant Physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)New Delhi 110012India Division of Environment Science ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India Division of Genetics ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi 110012India Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research InstituteCuttack 753006India Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762USA Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

关键词： high night temperature inferior grain pasting property radiolabeled sugar superior grain

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Gas Chromatographic Method for Identification and Quantification of Commonly Used Residual Solvents in Pharmaceuticals Products

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第8期15卷 241-252页

作者： Sreekanta Nath Dalal pranab kumar Das Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

Background: Impurities are not expected in the final pharmaceutical products. All impurities should be regulated in both drug substances and drug products in accordance with pharmacopeias and ICH guidelines. Three different types of impurities are generally available in the pharmaceutical’s product specification: organic impurities, inorganic impurities, and residual solvents. Residual solvents are organic volatile chemicals used or generated during the manufacturing of drug substances or drug products. Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop a cost-effective gas chromatographic method for the identification and quantification of some commonly used solvents—methanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran (THF), benzene, toluene, and pyridine—in pharmaceutical product manufacturing. This method will be able to identify and quantify the multiple solvents within a single gas chromatographic procedure. Method: A gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a headspace sampler and a flame ionization detector, and a column DB 624, 30-meter-long × 0.32-millimeter internal diameter, 1,8 μm-thick, Brand-Agilent was used to develop this method. The initial GC oven temperature was 40°C and held for 5 minutes. It was then increase to 80˚C at a rate of 2˚C per minute, followed by a further increase to 225˚C at a rate of 30˚C per minute, with a final hold at 225˚C for 10 minutes. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas at a flow rate of 1.20 mL per minute. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was selected as sample solvent. Results: The developed method is precise and specific. The percent RSD for the areas of six replicate injections of this gas chromatographic method was within 10.0 and the recovery result found within 80.0% to 120.0%.

关键词： Method Development Gas Chromatography Compendial Method GDP Specificity Recovery

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Robustness Study and Superior Method Development and Validation for Analytical Assay Method of Atropine Sulfate in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第5期15卷 151-164页

作者： Md. Nazmus Sakib Chowdhury Sreekanta Nath Dalal Md. Ariful Islam Md. Anwar Hossain pranab kumar Das Shakawat Hossain Parajit Das Department of Pharmacy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Islamic University Kushtia Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy International Islamic University Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh

Background: The robustness is a measurement of an analytical chemical method and its ability to contain unaffected by little with deliberate variation of analytical chemical method parameters. The analytical chemical method variation parameters are based on pH variability of buffer solution of mobile phase, organic ratio composition changes, stationary phase (column) manufacture, brand name and lot number variation;flow rate variation and temperature variation of chromatographic system. The analytical chemical method for assay of Atropine Sulfate conducted for robustness evaluation. The typical variation considered for mobile phase organic ratio change, change of pH, change of temperature, change of flow rate, change of column etc. Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop a cost effective, short run time and robust analytical chemical method for the assay quantification of Atropine in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution. This will help to make analytical decisions quickly for research and development scientists as well as will help with quality control product release for patient consumption. This analytical method will help to meet the market demand through quick quality control test of Atropine Ophthalmic Solution and it is very easy for maintaining (GDP) good documentation practices within the shortest period of time. Method: HPLC method has been selected for developing superior method to Compendial method. Both the compendial HPLC method and developed HPLC method was run into the same HPLC system to prove the superiority of developed method. Sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, accuracy parameters were considered for superiority of method. Mobile phase ratio change, pH of buffer solution, change of stationary phase temperature, change of flow rate and change of column were taken into consideration for robustness study of the developed method. Results: The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of developed method was much low than the compendial method. The % RSD fo

关键词： Robustness Method Validation HPLC Compendial Method Method Development GDP LOQ

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Modified distance regularized level set evolution for brain ventricles segmentation

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2020年第1期3卷 329-340页

作者： Thirumagal Jayaraman Sravan Reddy M Manjunatha Mahadevappa Anup Sadhu pranab kumar Dutta School of Medical Science and Technology IIT KharagpurKharagpur 721302India Department of Electronics and Communications JNTUA-College of EngineeringPulivendula 516390India EKO CT&MRI Scan Centre Medical CollegeCalcutta 700073India Department of Electrical Engineering IIT KharagpurKharagpur 721302India

Neurodegenerative disorders are commonly characterized by atrophy of the brain which is caused by neuronal *** are one of the prominent structures in the brain;their shape changes,due to their content,the cerebrospinal *** the morphological changes of ventricles,aids in the diagnosis of atrophy,for which the region of interest needs to be separated from the *** study presents a modified distance regularized level set evolution segmentation method,incorporating regional intensity *** proposed method is implemented for segmenting ventricles from brain images for normal and atrophy subjects of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography *** of the proposed method were compared with ground truth images and produced sensitivity in the range of 65%–90%,specificity in the range of 98%–99%,and accuracy in the range of 95%–98%.Peak signal to noise ratio and structural similarity index were also used as performance measures for determining segmentation accuracy:95%and 0.95,*** parameters of level set formulation vary for different *** optimization procedure was followed to fine tune *** proposed method was found to be efficient and robust against noisy *** proposed method is adaptive and multimodal.

关键词： Ventricles Atrophy Segmentation Level set Diagnosis

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Micelle Mediated Extraction of Iron and Its Determination in Geological, Geochemical, Hydrogeochemical, Biogeochemical and Process Solutions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第5期3卷 339-346页

作者： pranab kumar Tarafder Rabin kumar Mondal Regional Centre for Exploration and Research AMDER/Department of Atomic Energy Jamshedpur India

Iron irrespective of its valency states forms bluish 1:1 cationic, bluish-violet 1:3 neutral and purple 1:3 anionic complexes with 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, at pH 2 - 3, 4 - 5 and 8 - 10, respectively. The cationic bluish complex is highly insensitive and not extractable in organic solvents. Similarly, the bluish violet 1:3 neutral complex is of moderate sensitivity, and it is extractable in organic solvents with reduced sensitivity. The purple 1:3 anionic complex is as such not extractable in any organic solvents. However, in the surfactant medium of the cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide it is extractable in organic solvents with enhanced sensitivity. The 1:3 anionic complex which is extractable in organic solvents as an ion associate in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide is chosen for application to Silicate rocks, Minerals, Soils, Stream sediments, Concentrates, Tobacco leaves, Cigarettes and Waters, for accurate and sensitive determination of iron owing to facile extraction of iron, enhanced sensitivity high selectivity and better reproducibility of results. The present paper describes a systematic study on the development of an extraction spectrophotometric method for the determination of iron in samples of diverse matrices.

关键词： 2 3-Dihydroxynaphthalene Cetyltrimethylammonium Ion Spectrophotometric Solvent Extraction Determination

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Risk Factors Predicting Hypovitaminosis D in Children in South-East Region of Bangladesh

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第3期10卷 44-55页

作者： pranab kumar Chowdhury Pradip kumar Dutta Arup kumar Dutta Aditi Chowdhury Janardan Mahanta Pujanjoli Chowdhury Department of Paediatrics Chittagong Medical College Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Research Division Marine City Medical College Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Paediatrics BGC Trust Medical College Chattogram Bangladesh Sheik Russel National Gastroliver Institute and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Statistics University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Dhaka Medical College Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Hypovitaminosis D (serum concentration of 25(OH)D Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study having conducted at a paediatric clinic in Chittagong Metropolitan City from July, 2012 to December, 2017 including 524 children of 0 - 18 years by convenient sampling. The relevant data were assessed using standard case record form and lab parameter of 25(OH)D assay. Serum level of 25(OH)D of Results: The prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D was 50.57%. Compared with the infancy age group the odds of Hypovitaminosis D is 1.36 times more likely in >5 yrs children. The odds of association (odds ratio or OR = 0.19) of rural population with Hypovitaminosis D is lower than urban population. The formula fed children had less chance of association (OR = 0.32) of developing hypovitaminosis D in comparison to exclusively breastfed babies. Occasional Sun exposed group was 1.40 times more likely to develop hypovitaminosis D in comparison to daily sun exposure group. The odds of Hypovitaminosis D were 1.9 times more in winter season than summer season. School going children had double the chance of Hypovitaminosis D than children with no education. Subjects with high weight for age were 3.65 times increased risk of suffering from hypovitaminosis D compared with normal weight for age. Girls had a little bit more chance of hypovitaminosis D than boys. Children coming from family with monthly Income > 10,000 BDT are associated with more Hypovitaminosis D. Among clinical variables only wheeze has significant association (OR = 1.83). Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D (<20 ng/ml) prevails significantly among Infants and children of South-East region of Bangladesh. Age, area of residence, feeding pattern, sun exposure practice, seasons, schooling pattern, weight for age have strong association with Hypovitaminosis D.

关键词： Hypovitaminosis D Children Bangladesh

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Detecting Pipeline Anomalies and Variations in Acoustic Velocity in Multiphase Flow Regimes Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2020年第3期10卷 184-197页

作者： Amod kumar Claudio Olmi Oluwatosin Ogundare pranab Jha David Bennett Halliburton Energy Services Inc. Houston TX USA

The use of hydrodynamic pressure wave generated from the action of a fast acting valve as well as acoustic reflectometry in the detection of anomalies like leaks, deposits and blockages in a pipe or fluid flow system in the context of the prevailing scientific theories in fluid flow is discussed. The focus of this paper is the application of the theories to more complex scenarios involving multi-phase fluid flow, specifically, two-phase and two-component fluid flow. The principal concern is the determination of acoustic velocity in a two-phase flow regime;which is problematic because it varies with mixture composition along multiphase flowlines. A technique for simulating flow regimes in the laboratory using stacked S-shaped pipes is presented as well as a discussion of the results from a computational fluid dynamics model.

关键词： Multiphase Flow Acoustic Reflectometry Pipeline Anomaly Acoustic Velocity

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The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation in Bronchial Asthma

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第4期11卷 208-219页

作者： Uttam kumar Barua pranab Karmaker Arup kumar Saha Md. Merazul Mostofa Dilip kumar Ghosh Kamal Krishna Biswas Department of Respiratory Medicine Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Dental Public Health City Dental College and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Gastroenterology Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. Allergies are intensely related to bronchial asthma and to other respiratory diseases such as chronic sinusitis, middle ear infections, and nasal polyps. Treatment can vary from inhalers to oral medications to drugs delivered in a nebulizer or breathing machine. Besides, dietary involvement was a significant tool to reduce the severity of many chronic inflammatory diseases including asthma. Randomly assigned, double blind, and placebo controlled 290 adults with mild to moderately persistent bronchial asthma concluded in this study, were subjected to alternating phases of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C and Zn either singly or in combination. Subjective symptom improvement, pulmonary function, and biochemical tests were carried out at the beginning of the study and at the end of each therapeutic phase. The study findings showed that nearly half of the cases were in age between 18 years to 40 years followed by 29.6 of the cases that fall in age range between 40 years and 60 years. It was clear that all the four supplements (ogema-3 fatty acids, vitamin C and Zn, and combination) contributed more than placebo in reducing the severity of bronchial asthma. However, omega 3 fatty acids and combined supplement significantly contributed in symptomatic improvement (p < 0.05). There was a significant improvement of pulmonary function and sputum inflammatory markers with diet supplementation (p < 0.05). So, the subjects with mild and moderately persistent bronchial asthma may get benefit from their dietary supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids, Zinc and vitamin C. It is evident from this study that omega 3 fatty acids and combined supplementation significantly improved the severity of bronchial asthma.

关键词： Bronchial Asthma FEV1 FVC Omega 3 Fatty Acids

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Nutritional Outcome and Growth Monitoring in Under-Five Children of Severe Acute Malnutrition with and without Edema in Bangladesh: A Five-Year Retrospective Review of Facility-Based Inpatient Care

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第4期12卷 633-646页

作者： Zabeen Choudhury Mohammad Musa Meah Aparup Kanti Das pranab kumar Chowdhury Dhiman Das Department of Pediatrics Chittagong Medical College Chattogram Bangladesh

Introduction: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is an important cause of death in children. Bangladesh has a huge burden of SAM in under-five children, but documentation of their protocolized management and outcome is not so frequent. Objective: Our aim was to identify the pattern of the nutritional outcome and growth monitoring of 0-59 months old children with severe acute malnutrition treated with identified medical complications where the presence or absence of edema is an important clinical factor. Methods: This was a facility-based retrospective observational study that was conducted in the Severe Acute Malnutrition block of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong. Here, a total of 485 patients were admitted during the period from 2013 to 2017. Based on WHO & National guidelines, admission and discharge criteria were considered and determined. A structured and prescribed data format was prepared and data were collected from the hospital records. Daily clinical follow-ups and weight monitoring of the patients were also documented. Both descriptive and analytic analyses were executed. After Data collection, it was cleaned, edited, and stored in excel, epi-INFO, and analyzed by SPSS. P-value rd of the admitted patients stayed in the hospital for two weeks. The mean duration of hospital stay (in days) of the patients with edema (15.64 ± SD 7.133 days) was higher than that of the patients without edema (9.47 ± SD 5.881 days). 4.3% of patients did not gain weight during their hospital stay, and overall

关键词： Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) Nutritional Outcome Growth Monitoring

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