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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期42卷 427-437页

作者： Priya BHARATI pranab DEB Kieran M.R.HUNT Andrew ORR Mihir kumar DASH Centre for Ocean RiverAtmosphere and Land Sciences(CORAL)Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur 721302India Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingRG66ETUK National Centre for Atmospheric Science University of ReadingRG66ETUK British Antarctic Survey CambridgeCB30ETUK

In this study,we investigate the complex relationship between western disturbances(WDs),the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO),and extreme precipitation events(EPEs) in the western Himalaya(WH) during the extended winter season(November–March).WDs west of WH coincide with 97% of recorded EPEs,contributing substantially(32% in winter,11% annually) to total precipitation within *** are 6% less frequent and 4% more intense during El Ni?o than La Ni?a to the west of *** El Ni?o(compared to La Ni?a) years,WDs co-occurring with EPEs are significantly more intense and associated with 17% higher moisture transport over “WH box”(the selected region where most of the winter precipitation over WH occurs).This results in twice the EPE frequency during El Ni?o periods than La Ni?a periods.A substantial southward shift(~180 km) of the subtropical jet(STJ) axis during El Ni?o brings WD tracks further south towards their primary moisture sources,especially the Arabian *** have shown that WDs that are both more intense and pass to the south of their typical latitudes have higher levels of vertically integrated moisture flux(VIMF)within *** convergence in the most intense pentile of WDs is 5.7 times higher than in the weakest,and is 3.4 times higher in the second lowest latitude pentile than in the ***,this study demonstrates a direct link between changes in the latitudinal position and intensity of WDs associated with the winter STJ,and moisture convergence,which leads to the occurrence of EPEs over WH during ENSO phases.

关键词： western Himalaya extreme precipitation western disturbances ENSO moisture flux winter

Unlocking the secrets of the human gut microbiota:Comprehensive review on its role in different diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第5期31卷 13-31页

作者： Jibon kumar Paul Mahir Azmal ANM Shah Newaz Been Haque Meghla Meem Omar Faruk Talukder Ajit ghosh Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Faculty of Medicine Dhaka UniversityDhaka 1000Bangladesh

The human gut microbiota,a complex and diverse community of microorganisms,plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health by influencing various physio-logical processes,including digestion,immune function,and disease *** balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria is essential for health,with dysbiosis-disruption of this balance-linked to numerous conditions such as metabolic disorders,autoimmune diseases,and *** review highlights key genera such as Enterococcus,Ruminococcus,Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium,Escheri-chia coli,Akkermansia muciniphila,Firmicutes(including Clostridium and Lactoba-cillus),and Roseburia due to their well-established roles in immune regulation and metabolic processes,but other bacteria,including Clostridioides difficile,Salmonella,Helicobacter pylori,and Fusobacterium nucleatum,are also implicated in dysbiosis and various *** bacteria,including Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis,contribute to inflammation and cancer progression by disrupting immune responses and damaging *** potential for microbiota-based therapies,such as probiotics,prebiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation,and dietary inter-ventions,to improve health outcomes is *** research directions in the integration of multi-omics,the impact of diet and lifestyle on microbiota com-position,and advancing microbiota engineering techniques are also *** the gut microbiota’s role in health and disease is essential for for-mulating personalized,efficacious treatments and preventive strategies,thereby enhancing health outcomes and progressing microbiome research.

关键词： Gut microbiota Cancer Diabetics Autoimmune disease Dysbiosis

ENSO-induced Latitudinal Variation of the Subtropical Jet Modulates Extreme Winter Precipitation over the Western Himalaya

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期 427-437页

作者： Priya BHARATI pranab DEB Kieran M.R.HUNT Andrew ORR Mihir kumar DASH Centre for Ocean River Atmosphere and Land Sciences (CORAL) Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Meteorology University of Reading National Centre for Atmospheric Science University of Reading British Antarctic Survey

In this study, we investigate the complex relationship between western disturbances(WDs), the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO), and extreme precipitation events(EPEs) in the western Himalaya(WH) during the extended winter season(November–March). WDs west of WH coincide with 97% of recorded EPEs, contributing substantially(32% in winter, 11% annually) to total precipitation within WH. WDs are 6% less frequent and 4% more intense during El Ni?o than La Ni?a to the west of WH. During El Ni?o(compared to La Ni?a) years, WDs co-occurring with EPEs are significantly more intense and associated with 17% higher moisture transport over “WH box”(the selected region where most of the winter precipitation over WH occurs). This results in twice the EPE frequency during El Ni?o periods than La Ni?a periods. A substantial southward shift(～180 km) of the subtropical jet(STJ) axis during El Ni?o brings WD tracks further south towards their primary moisture sources, especially the Arabian Sea. We have shown that WDs that are both more intense and pass to the south of their typical latitudes have higher levels of vertically integrated moisture flux(VIMF)within them. VIMF convergence in the most intense pentile of WDs is 5.7 times higher than in the weakest, and is 3.4 times higher in the second lowest latitude pentile than in the highest. Overall, this study demonstrates a direct link between changes in the latitudinal position and intensity of WDs associated with the winter STJ, and moisture convergence, which leads to the occurrence of EPEs over WH during ENSO phases.

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Long-term follow-up result of short metaphyseal femoral stem in primary total hip arthroplasty:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2025年第1期16卷 40-45页

作者： Manoj kumar Ayush Sharma Vivek P Ksheerasagar Akash K ghosh Mukund Lal Department of Orthopaedics Indira Gandhi Medical College and HospitalShimla 171001Himāchal PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia

BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty(THA)has increased along with an increasing demand for improved quality of *** with prolonged life expectancy,the number of revision surgeries is expected to *** shielding is a significant issue with traditional femoral stems used in THA,making revision surgeries particularly challenging in younger *** has sparked renewed interest in studying safety and functional outcomes of short metaphyseal femoral stems,which have the potential to alleviate these challenges and simplify revision *** To evaluate the long-term outcomes of short-stem *** A total of 124 hips that underwent THA using the short femoral stem(TRILOCK®Depuy)between May 2006 and November 2008 were included in this *** were followed for a period of 15 *** were assessed in terms of pain relief,hip joint range of motion,improvement in mobility,and functional outcomes using the modified Harris Hip Score,Oxford hip score,and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index *** A total of 124 hips in 98 patients were *** improvements in functional outcomes were observed over the 15-year follow-up period,with no cases of subsidence,implant loosening,or complications necessitating revision *** only complication reported was heterotopic ossification in 1 *** Short metaphyseal stems provide better functional outcomes with early mobilization,and its long-term follow-up without subsidence,implant loosening,or proximal femoral bone loss simplifies revision surgery in younger patients.

关键词： Short stem total hip replacement Short metaphyseal stem Uncemented hip replacement Proximal femur osteolysis Proximal femur bone loss

A strategic way of high-performance energy storage device development with environmentally viable “Water-in-salt” electrolytes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 350-373,I0010页

作者： Prakas Samanta Souvik ghosh Aniruddha Kundu pranab Samanta Naresh Chandra Murmu Tapas Kuila Surface Engineering&Tribology Division Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Central Mechanical Engineering Research InstituteMahatma Gandhi AvenueDurgapur-713209West BengalIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre(CSIR-HRDC)CampusPostal Staff College AreaSector 19Kamla Nehru NagarGhaziabad-201002Uttar PradeshIndia

Development of cost-effective and environmental friendly energy storage devices(ESDs) has attracted widespread attention in recent scenario of energy ***,the environmentally viable "water-in-salt"(WiS) electrolytes has received significant interest for the development of advanced high performance *** WiS electrolyte exhibits wide electrochemical stability window(ESW),highsafety,non-flammability and superior electrochemical performance compared to the conventional "salt-in-water" *** review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion on WiS electrolyte based on theoretical,electrochemical and physicochemical characteristics.A strategic way for the usage of WiS electrolyte in rechargeable metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors with potentially improved electrochemical performance has been reviewed *** review also discussed the unique advantages of WiS electrolytes as well as the future scope and challenges.

关键词： Water-in-salt electrolyte Solid electrolyte interphase High energy density Aqueous batteries Aqueous supercapacitors

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A Local Contrast Fusion Based 3D Otsu Algorithm for Multilevel Image Segmentation

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第1期7卷 200-213页

作者： Ashish kumar Bhandari Arunangshu ghosh Immadisetty Vinod kumar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna

To overcome the shortcomings of 1 D and 2 D Otsu’s thresholding techniques, the 3 D Otsu method has been *** all Otsu’s methods, 3 D Otsu technique provides the best threshold values for the multi-level thresholding processes. In this paper, to improve the quality of segmented images, a simple and effective multilevel thresholding method is introduced. The proposed approach focuses on preserving edge detail by computing the 3 D Otsu along the fusion phenomena. The advantages of the presented scheme include higher quality outcomes, better preservation of tiny details and boundaries and reduced execution time with rising threshold levels. The fusion approach depends upon the differences between pixel intensity values within a small local space of an image;it aims to improve localized information after the thresholding process. The fusion of images based on local contrast can improve image segmentation performance by minimizing the loss of local contrast, loss of details and gray-level distributions. Results show that the proposed method yields more promising segmentation results when compared to conventional1 D Otsu, 2 D Otsu and 3 D Otsu methods, as evident from the objective and subjective evaluations.

关键词： 1D Otsu 2D Otsu 3D Otsu image fusion local contrast multi-level image segmentation

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Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of Tungsten Mineralization in the Agargaon Area of Sakoli Fold Belt, Central India

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第3期31卷 559-570页

作者： Girish kumar Mayachar Subhasish ghosh National Centre for Excellence in Geoscience Research Remote Sensing and Aerial SurveyGeological Survey of IndiaBangalore 560078India

The Lower to Middle Proterozoic Sakoli fold belt in Central India forms a triangular belt with significant mineralization of strategic *** Sakoli fold belt comprises metasediments,felsic and mafic volcanics with metabasalts bounded by the gneissic-migmatitic *** last pulses of granitic activity in the form of quartz lenses intrude the metasediments and are associated with tungsten *** metasediments are intruded by the quartz veins and tourmaline breccias trending 60°N to 65°E and 60°S to 65°W and are parallel to the regional structural *** tungsten mineralization in this area is restricted to tourmaline-quartz mica greisens and quartz *** NE-SW trending foliated contact zones of chlorite mica schist and porphyritic granite/gneisses have served as easy channels for the mineralizing vapours and solutions to percolate,which formed ore bearing greisens and quartz *** mineralization is erratic and manifested by sparse and sporadic disseminations of wolframite and scheelite associated with minor amount of molybdenite and *** fluid inclusion microthermometry on mineralized quartz veins and quartz-tourmaline veins reveals the existence of a metamorphogenic aqueous-gaseous(H2O-CO2+NaCl)fluid that underwent phase separation and gave rise to gaseous(CO2)*** salinity of tungsten mineralizations varies from low to high(1.32 wt.%to 40.44 wt.%NaCl eq.).The estimated P-T range of tungsten mineralization varies from 1.2 to 2.2 kbar at 280 to 390℃.Raman spectroscopy reveals that the fluid inclusions mainly contain H2O and CO2 with rarely H2S and *** isotopic data reveal that the sulfur isotope fractions from the depositsδ^34S ranging from+3.1‰to+3.35‰,suggesting the deep crustal source for the sulfur,which can be further interpreted as a single(magmatic)supply of sulfur during magmatic-hydrothermal *** studies reveal the presence of chlorides such as FeCl2/MgCl2 and CaCl2,indicating t

关键词： Sakoli fold belt fluid inclusions tungsten

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COVID-19's impacts on dengue transmission:Focus on neighbourhood surveillance of Aedes mosquitoes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第8期15卷 339-340页

作者： Susanta kumar ghosh Chaitali ghosh ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research BangaloreIndia Tata Institute for Genetics and Society BangaloreIndia

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the entire globe on all fronts,and vector-borne diseases are not an *** are certain similarities between dengue and COVID-19 since both diseases are positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus and have animal origin ***,both the diseases present over 80%asymptomatic *** is the most prevalent and fast-emerging viral infection *** dengue virus(DENV)has four serotypes,namely DENV-1,DENV-2,DENV-3 and DENV-4,and it is possible that the same person can be infected four times before full immunity is established[1];whereas,COVID-19 is an air-borne respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,and several variants have emerged over *** late 2020,the variants posed an increased risk to global public health emergency,which prompted the characterisation of specific Variants of Interest and Variants of Concern to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic[2].DENV is transmitted by several species of day-biting Aedes *** are highly adaptive and invasive species and are predominantly found in the tropical and subtropical *** recent decades,these mosquitoes have been discovered in all continents except *** aegypti and Aedes albopictus are two major vectors of *** means wherever these mosquitoes make their footprints,dengue creeps in.

关键词： immunity Focus prompt

Wear and performance analysis of a 4-stroke diesel engine employing nanolubricants

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 54-63页

作者： Ankit Kotia Sheeba Borkakoti Subrata kumar ghosh Department of Mechanical Engineering DIT University Dehradun India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India

In the present study, the performance of a 4-stroke diesel engine was experimentally evaluated upon adding Al2O3 or SiO2 nanoparticles to the engine oil （SAEISW40）. The viscosity and density of the resulting nanolubricants were determined while varying both the nanoparticle volume fraction and the temperature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM） showed that the nanoparticles had a spherical morphology and dynamic light scattering analysis determined some aggregation of the nanoparticles in the engine oil. A pin-on-disc test apparatus was used for friction and wear analysis in the presence of the nanolubricants. Examination of wear scars by FE-SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy found evidence of ball bearing and surface polishing effects, which were responsible for improvements in the tribological properties of the oil. The performance of these nanolubricants in a 4- stroke diesel engine test rig was assessed, and the greatest improvements in the tribological behavior and engine performance were observed when employing 0.3 vol% Al2O3.

关键词： SiO2 Al2O3 Engine oil 4-Stroke diesel engine Wear Friction