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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2012年第3期1卷 30-35页

作者： Roberto Ferro Arvin Parvathaneni Sachin Patel pramil cheriyath Pinnacle Health Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA

Along with other etiological factors like genetics, family history, age, etc. there is growing scientific evidence that exposure to chemicals, including pesticides is associated with increased incidence of breast cancer among women. Various animal studies have demonstrated the carcinogenic effect of pesticides byacting as Xenoestrogen, interacting and disrupting estrogen receptors or by damaging breast tissue DNA inducing malignancy/catalyzing existing DNA mutation in susceptible individuals. Pesticide’s role as a contributing etiological factor in growing incidence of breast cancer is of particular concern as pesticides is one of the chemicals to which humans get exposed every day in significant concentration. In this review we describe various kinds of pesticides and their respective associations to breast cancer.

关键词： Breast Cancer Pesticides

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Disparities in colonoscopy utilization for lower gastrointestinal bleeding in rural vs urban settings in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第8期14卷 474-486页

作者： Nagapratap Ganta Mina Aknouk Dina Alnabwani Ivan Nikiforov Veera Jayasree Latha Bommu Vraj Patel pramil cheriyath Christopher S Hollenbeak Alan Hamza Department of Internal Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Ocean Medical CenterBrickNJ 08724United States Penn State Milton S.Hershey Medical Center 500 University DriveUniversity ParkPA 16802United States Department of Internal Medicine Ocala HealthOcalaFL 34471United States

BACKGROUND Lower gastrointestinal bleeds(LGIB)is a very common inpatient condition in the United *** bleeds have a variety of presentations,from minor bleeding to severe hemorrhage and *** previous studies investigated the efficacy of colonoscopy in hospitalized patients with LGIB,there is limited research that discusses disparities in colonoscopy utilization in patients with LGIB in urban and rural *** To investigate the difference in utilization of colonoscopy in lower gastrointestinal bleeding between patients hospitalized in urban and rural *** This is a retrospective cohort study of 157748 patients using National Inpatient Sample data and the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project provided by the Agency for Healthcare Research and *** includes patients 18 years and older hospitalized with LGIB admitted between 2010 and *** study does not differentiate between acute and chronic LGIB and both are included in this *** primary outcome measure of this study was the utilization of colonoscopy among patients in rural and urban hospitals admitted for lower gastrointestinal bleeds;the secondary outcome measures were in-hospital mortality,length of stay,and costs involved in those receiving colonoscopy for *** analyses were all performed using STATA *** regression was used to analyze the utilization of colonoscopy and mortality,and a generalized linear model was used to analyze the length of stay and *** Our study found that 37.9%of LGIB patients at rural hospitals compared to approximately 45.1%at urban hospitals received colonoscopy,(OR=0.730,95%CI:0.705-0.7,P>0.0001).After controlling for covariates,colonoscopies were found to have a protective association with lower inhospital mortality[OR=0.498,95%CI:0.446-0.557,P<0.0001],but a longer length of stay by 0.72 d(95%CI:0.677-0.759 d,P<0.0001)and approximately$2199 in increased *** Although there was

关键词： Lower gastrointestinal bleeding Rural-urban disparities Colonoscopy Utilization of colonoscopy Length of stay Inpatient admission costs

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