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Childhood opportunity and appropriate use of child safety restraints in motor vehicle collisions

World Journal of pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 142-149页

作者： Stephanie Y Chen Iris Garcia Shadassa Ourshalimian Chantel Lowery pradip p chaudhari Ryan G Spurrier pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Injury prevention program Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Emergency and Transport Medicine Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA pediatrics University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Surgery University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objectives Safety restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions(MVCs)but are often improperly applied or not *** Childhood Opportunity Index(COI)reflects social determinants of health and its study in pediatric trauma is *** hypothesized that MVC patients from low-opportunity neighborhoods are less likely to be appropriately *** A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on children/adolescents≤18 years old in MVCs between January 1,2011 and December 31,*** were identified from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles trauma *** outcome was safety restraint use(appropriately restrained,not appropriately restrained).COI levels by home zip codes were stratified as very low,low,moderate,high,and very *** regression controlling for age identified factors associated with safety restraint *** Of 337 patients,73.9%were appropriately restrained and 26.1%were not appropriately *** with appropriately restrained patients,more not appropriately restrained patients were from low-COI(26.1%vs 20.9%),high-COI(14.8%vs 10.8%)and very high-COI(10.2%vs 3.6%)*** analysis demonstrated no significant associations in appropriate restraint use and *** was a non-significant trend that children/adolescents from moderate-COI neighborhoods were more likely than those from very low-COI neighborhoods to be appropriately restrained(OR=1.82,95%CI 0.78,4.28).Conclusion Injury prevention initiatives focused on safety restraints should target families of children from all neighborhood types.

关键词： MVC restrained neighborhood

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prevalence and impact of diabetes and prediabetes on presentation and complications of primary hyperaldosteronism at diagnosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3332-3339页

作者： Debmalya Sanyal pradip Mukhopadhyay Sujoy Ghosh Department of Endocrinology NHRTIICS&KPC Medical CollegeKolkata 700032West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology IPGME&R and SSKM HospitalKolkata 700020West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology IPGME&RKolkata 700020West BengalIndia

BACKGROUND primary hyperaldosteronism(pH)is considered to contribute to increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and *** pH and DM are associated with increased risk for hypertension,cardiovascular diseases,and chronic kidney ***,data on prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes in pH,and impact of T2DM and prediabetes on presentation and cardio renal complications in pH at presentation is *** To determine the prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes in pH at diagnosis and impact on presentation and complications of *** A retrospective cohort study was conducted in tertiary care settings in individuals with confirmed diagnosis of pH at *** variables,clinical presentations,duration and degree of hypertension,complications,laboratory parameters including sodium,potassium levels,plasma aldosterone concentration(pAC),plasma renin activity(pRA),and aldosterone to renin ratio(ARR)and cardio-renal parameters were *** was done between three groups:pH with no DM(Group A)or with pre-diabetes(Group B)or with T2DM(Group C).ppH,62%had pre-diabetes or diabetes;with 37%having *** duration of T2DM was 5.97±4.7 *** mean levels of glycaemic parameters among the group A vs B vs C individuals were fasting plasma glucose(mg/dL):87.9±6.5,105.4±9.02,130.6±21.1;post prandial plasma glucose(mg/dL):122.7±9.8,154.9±14,196.7±38.0;glycated haemoglobin(%)(5.3±0.2,5.9±0.2,7.5±0.6,pparameters(pAC,pRA,ARR,sodium,potassium levels),presentation and complications between the *** renal parameters or degree and duration of hypertension were comparable between the *** Significant prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes in pH at diagnosis does not impact its presentation or *** screening for undetected pH in T2DM and prediabete

关键词： primary hyperaldosteronism Diabetes prediabetes Hypertension Aldosterone Aldosterone to renin ratio

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Variation in the Flaring potential of Different Sunspot Groups During Different phases of Solar Cycles 23 and 24

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 144-153页

作者： Abha Singh Anurag chaudhari Gyaneshwar Sharma A.K.Singh Department of physics T.D.P.G.College Jaunpur-222002India Department of physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

In this present study,we have analyzed different types of X-ray solar flares(C,M,and X classes)coming out from different classes of sunspot groups(SSGs).The data which we have taken under this study cover the duration of 24 yr from 1996 to *** this,we observed a total of 15015 flares(8417 in SC-23 and 6598 in SC-24)emitted from a total of 33780 active regions(21746 in SC-23 and 12034 in SC-24)with sunspot *** defined the flaring potential or flare-production potential as the ratio of the total number of flares produced from a particular type of SSG to the total number of the same-class SSGs observed on the solar *** we studied yearly changes in the flaring potential of different McIntosh class groups of sunspots in different phases of SC-23 and *** addition,we investigated yearly variations in the potential of producing flares by different SSGs(A,B,C,D,E,F,and H)during different phases(ascending,maximum,descending,and minimum)of SC-23 and *** are our findings:(1)D,E,and F SSGs have the potential of producing flares≥8 times greater than A,B,C and H SSGs;(2)The larger and more complex D,E,and F SSGs produced nearly 80%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(3)The A,B,C and H SSGs,which are smaller and simpler,produced only 20%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(4)The biggest and most complex SSGs of F-class have flaring potential 1.996 and 3.443 per SSG in SC-23 and 24,respectively.(5)The potential for producing flares in each SSG is higher in SC-24 than in SC-23,although SC-24 is a weaker cycle than SC-23.(6)The alterations in the number of flares(C+M+X)show different time profiles than the alterations in sunspot numbers during SC-23 and 24,with several peaks.(7)The SSGs of C,D,E,and H-class have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of both SC-23 and 24.(8)F-class SSGs have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of SC-23 but also in the maximum phase of SC-24.

关键词： (Sun:)sunspots-Sun flares-Sun activity-Sun magnetic fields-Sun filaments-prominences

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Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete building: A case study

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第1期16卷 117-130页

作者： Swetapadma pANDA Nikhil p.ZADE pradip SARKAR Robin DAVIS Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Technical Education and ResearchOdisha 751030India Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaOdisha 769008India Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKerala 673601India

proven research output on the behavior of structures made of waste copper slag concrete can improve its utilization in the construction industry and thereby help to develop a sustainable built *** numerous studies on waste copper slag concrete can be found in the published literature,no research has focused on the structural application of this type of *** particular,the variability in the strength properties of waste copper slag concrete,which is required for various structural applications,such as limit state design formulation,reliability-based structural analysis,etc.,has so far not attracted the attention of *** paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with the compressive-,flexural-and split tensile strength of hardened concrete with different dosages of waste copper slag as fine ***-fit probability distribution models are proposed based on statistical analyses of strength data generated from laboratory *** addition,the paper presents a reliability-based seismic risk assessment of a typical waste copper slag incorporated reinforced concrete framed building,considering the proposed distribution *** results show that waste copper slag can be safely used for seismic resistant structures as it results in an identical probability of failure and dispersion in the drift demand when compared with a conventional concrete building made of natural sand.

关键词： waste copper slag quantification of variability goodness-of-fit test seismic risk assessment pSDM

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Quantification of hookworm ova from wastewater matrices using quantitative pCR

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 231-237页

作者： pradip Gyawali Warish Ahmed Jatinder p.Sidhu paul Jagals Simon Toze CSIRO Land and Water Ecosciences Precinct School of public Health The University of Queensland

A quantitative pCR（q pCR） assay was used to quantify Ancylostoma caninum ova in wastewater and sludge *** estimated the average gene copy numbers for a single ovum using a mixed population of *** average gene copy numbers derived from the mixed population were used to estimate numbers of hookworm ova in *** seeded and unseeded wastewater and sludge *** newly developed qp CR assay estimated an average of3.7 × 10~3 gene copies per ovum,which was then validated by seeding known numbers of hookworm ova into treated *** qp CR estimated an average of（1.1 ± 0.1）,（8.6 ± 2.9）and（67.3 ± 10.4） ova for treated wastewater that was seeded with（1 ± 0）,（10 ± 2） and（100 ± 21）ova,*** further application of the q pCR assay for the quantification of *** ova was determined by seeding a known numbers of ova into the wastewater *** qp CR results indicated that 50%,90% and 67% of treated wastewater（1 L）,raw wastewater（1 L）and sludge（~4 g） samples had variable numbers of *** gene *** conversion of the q pCR estimated gene copy numbers to ova for treated wastewater,raw wastewater,and sludge samples,had an average of 0.02,1.24 and 67 ova,*** result of this study indicated that qp CR can be used for the quantification of hookworm ova from wastewater and sludge samples;however,caution is advised in interpreting qp CR generated data for health risk assessment.

关键词： Wastewater matrices Quantitative pCR Hookworm ova Health risks

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Multiplication factor for open ground storey buildings–a reliability based evaluation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2016年第2期15卷 283-295页

作者： Haran pragalath D.C Avadhoot Bhosale Robin Davis p pradip Sarkar Department of Civil Engineering NIT Rourkela

Open Ground Storey（OGS） framed buildings where the ground storey is kept open without infill walls, mainly to facilitate parking, is increasing commonly in urban areas. However, vulnerability of this type of buildings has been exposed in past earthquakes. OGS buildings are conventionally designed by a bare frame analysis that ignores the stiffness of the infill walls present in the upper storeys, but doing so underestimates the inter-storey drift（ISD） and thereby the force demand in the ground storey columns. Therefore, a multiplication factor（MF） is introduced in various international codes to estimate the design forces（bending moments and shear forces） in the ground storey columns. This study focuses on the seismic performance of typical OGS buildings designed by means of MFs. The probabilistic seismic demand models, fragility curves, reliability and cost indices for various frame models including bare frames and fully infilled frames are developed. It is found that the MF scheme suggested by the Israel code is better than other international codes in terms of reliability and cost.

关键词： frames probabilistic vulnerability facilitate details probability codes multiplication drift columns

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Impact of some chlorinated pesticides on the haematology of the fish Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期16卷 631-634页

作者： Shanta Satyanarayan Rajesh S. Bejankiwar p.R. chaudhari J.p.Kotangale Ahana Satyanarayan National Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI) Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringNational Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI)National Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI)Government Medical College Nagpur 440020 India University of Windsor Windsor N9B 3P4 Ontario Canada Nagpur 440020 India Nagpur 440020 India Nagpur 440025 India

The effects of pesticides on blood characteristics and histological changes in erythrocytes of the fish species Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto were studied. The fishes were exposed to sub lethal concentrations of different chlorinated pesticides namely aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, BHC and chlordane for 10, 20 and 30 d in continuous flow-through test. The LC 50 values were calculated based on acute toxicity tests and the sublethal doses were arrived at for chronic bioassay studies. Results showed an increase in haemoglobin content of both Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto in case of aldrin and dieldrin. Haemoglobin content reduced from an initial 13 g/100 ml to 8.07 and 10.15 g/100 ml in case of Cyprinus at the end of ten days exposure to aldrin and dieldrin respectively, and gradually increased to 8.7 g/100 ml and 10.15 g/100 ml after 20 d of exposure. The haemoglobin content after 30 d exposure to aldrin and dieldrin was 10.15 g/100 ml and 11.6 g/100 ml respectively. In case of puntius ticto, the haemoglobin content in control fishes recorded was 12.8 g/100 ml while in case of fish exposed to aldrin, the haemoglobin content reduced initially on ten days exposure to 10.15 g/100 ml and increased to 11.6 g/100 ml and 13.0 g/100 ml during twenty days and thirty days exposure respectively. This trend was also observed with dieldrin in both the fishes studied. Red blood cells were also counted in case of all the pesticides and exposure periods with respect to Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto. Irrespective of the species and pesticide, the RBC counts uniformly showed decreasing trend with the increase in exposure period, while packed cell volume, pCV(%) showed increasing trend with respect to increase in exposure period in case of aldrin and dieldrin in both the fishes. But DDT, BHC and chlordane showed decreasing trend in pCV(%) values with increasing periods of exposure.

关键词： histology aldrin dieldrin DDT BHC chlordane

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A GFp-based bacterial biosensor with chromosomally integrated sensing cassette for quantitative detection of Hg(Ⅱ) in environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 963-968页

作者： Himanshu priyadarshi Absar Alam Gireesh-Babu p Rekha Das pankaj Kishore Shivendra Kumar Aparna chaudhari College of Fisheries (CAU) Lembucherra Tripura 799210 India Department of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Central Institute of Fisheries Education Department of Fish processing Technology Central Institute of Fisheries Education Department of Fish Nutrition and Biochemistry Central Institute of Fisheries Education Krishi Vigyan Kendra Rajendra Agricultural University

A mercury biosensor was constructed by integrating biosensor genetic elements into E. coli JM109 chromosome in a single copy number, using the attp/attB recombination mechanism of λ phage. The genetic elements used include a regulatory protein gene （merR） along with operator/promoter （O/p） derived from the mercury resistance operon from pDU1358 plasmid of Serratia marcescens. The expression of reporter gene gfp is also controlled by merR/O/p. Integration of the construct into the chromosome was done to increase the stability and precision of the biosensor. This biosensor could detect Hg（Ⅱ） ions in the concentration range of 100–1700 nmol/L, and manifest the result as the expression of GFp. The GFp expression was significantly different （p 0.05） for each concentration of inducing Hg（Ⅱ） ions in the detection range, which reduces the chances of misinterpretation of results. A model using regression method was also derived for the quantification of the concentration of Hg（Ⅱ） in water samples.

关键词： attp/attB integration E. coli biosensor GFp mercury

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Formulation and characterization of extruded and spheronized pellets using pectin and crosslinking agents

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Journal of Chinese pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第11期23卷 790-798页

作者： pallavi M.chaudhari pravin D.chaudhari padmashree Dr.D.Y.patil College of pharmacy Akurdi Pune-411044 India p.E.Society's Modern College of pharmacy NigdiPune-411044 India

The aim of this study was to prepare pellets of gliclazide by extrusion spheronization process by use of two methods in situ cross linking method and interfacial complexation method and to study the effect of different cross linking agents on the formed pellets. Extrusion/spheronization being an established technique for producing spherical pellets so this technique was used to prepare pellets. The gliclazide pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization techniques and then the formed pellets were coated with pectin solution by interfacial complexation method. The effect of cross-linkers calcium chloride and aluminium chloride concentration, by in situ cross linking on properties of gliclazide pellets like swelling and drug release were studied. The formed pellets were subjected to swelling, analysis of morphology, in dissolution and vivo studies. Most of the pellets were of acceptable shape. From the results calcium chloride when coated with pectin, retarded drug release. As the concentration of calcium chloride increased, it led to slow release of the drug. This may be due to the water solubility of calcium salt, which induced cross linking with pectin. Thus pellets with calcium chloride cross linked with pectin were beneficial, because it retarded the release of the drug. Though the release from interfacial coated pellets was retarded, it was less as compared to the in situ formed pellets. The in vivo studies on alloxan-induced diabetic rats indicated the significant hypoglycemic effect that was observed 24 h after oral administration of optimized pellets. Thus, the developed and optimized pellets were suitable for prolonged systemic absorption of gliclazide to maintain lower blood glucose level and improved patient compliance. The results suggested that the in situ cross linking pellets were able to retard the release of gliclazide greater than the interfacial complexation method. Therefore, this approach has been effectively achieved.

关键词： Extrusion-spheronization Gliclazide pellets pectin Anti-diabetic activity

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Enhancement of properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete using bacteria

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2016年第1期7卷 22-38页

作者： Kirti Kanta Sahoo Manoranjan Arakha pradip Sarkar Robin Davis p Suman Jha Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

Due to rapid construction,necessity for raw materials of concrete,especially coarse aggregate,tends to increase the danger of early exhaustion of the natural *** alternative source of raw materials would perhaps delay the advent of this early *** coarse aggregate(RCA)plays a great role as an alternative raw material that can replace the natural coarse aggregate(NCA)for *** studies show that the properties of RCA concrete are inferior in quality compared to NCA *** article attempts to study the improvement of properties of RCA concrete with the addition of bacteria named as Bacillus *** experimental inves-tigation was carried out to evaluate the improvement of the compres-sive strength,capillary water absorption,and drying shrinkage of RCA concrete incorporating *** compressive strength of RCA concrete is found to be increased by about 20%when the cell con-centration of *** is 10^(6) cells/*** capillary water absorptionas well as drying shrinkage of RCA are reduced when bacteria is *** improvement of RCA concrete is confirmed to be due to the calcium carbonate precipitation as observed from the microstructure studies carried out on it such as EDX,SEM,and XRD.

关键词： Bacteria compressive strength capillary action dry shrinkage

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