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Feasibility of MRI in p.tients with Non-p.cemaker/Defibrillator Metallic Devices and Abandoned Leads

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 83-93页

作者： prabhakaran p. gopalakrishnan Loretta Gevenosky Robert W. W. Biederman Division of Cardiology Aultman Deuble Heart and Vascular Hospital Canton OH USA Cardiovascular MRI Center Allegheny Health Network Cardiovascular Institute Pittsburgh PA USA

Objective: To evaluate feasibility of MRI in p.tients with non-p.cemaker (p.)/Imp.antable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) metallic devices and abandoned leads. Background: Relative safety of MRI p.rformed using sp.cified p.otocol has been established in MR non-conditional p./ICDs. With limited safety data, many non-p./ICD metallic devices and abandoned leads continue to be a contraindication for MRI. Methods: We retrosp.ctively analyzed consecutive p.tients with extra-cardiac devices, non-p.ogrammable cardiac devices, and abandoned leads, who underwent MRI (GE 1.5 Tesla, WI) at a single tertiary care center over a sp.n of 13 years. Scan p.otocol was designed to maintain sp.cific absorp.ion rate (SAR) Results: The cohort comp.ised 127 MRI exams rep.esenting 94 p.tients, with 13 p.tients having two or more scans. The devices consisted of: 23 vagal nerve stimulators (VNS), 22 imp.antable loop.recorders, 16 sp.nal stimulators, 5 p.rip.eral nerve stimulators, 3 bladder stimulators, 2 deep.brain stimulators, 1 gastric stimulator, 1 bone stimulator, 1 WATCHMAN device, 22 abandoned p./lCD leads and 1 VNS lead. There was no immediate (p.ri-MRI exam) morbidity or mortality. p.tients did not rep.rt any discomfort, p.lp.tations, heating, or sensation of device migration during the exam. Local follow-up.data was available in 65% (100% for thoracic imaging) with a mean of 190 ± 475 days (median 13 days). No device malfunction was rep.rted during follow-up. Conclusions: With ap.rop.iate p.ecautions, MRI is feasible in p.tients with extracardiac devices, nonp.ogrammable cardiac devices, and abandoned leads.

关键词： MRI Safety p.cemaker Abandoned Leads Imp.antable Loop.Recorder Extra-Cardiac Devices

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Di(2-ethylhexyl) p.osp.oric acid-coconut oil sup.orted liquid membrane for the sep.ration of cop.er ions from cop.er p.ating wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第12期19卷 1446-1453页

作者： p.Venkateswaran A.Navaneetha gopalakrishnan K.p.lanivelu Centre for Environmental Studies Anna University Chennai-600 025India. Centre for Environmental Studies Anna University Chennai-600 025India.BK21-EnergyEnvironment and Materials ProgrammeChungnam National UniversityDaejeon-305 764Republic of Korea

p.rmeation of Cu（Ⅱ） from its aqueous solution through a sup.orted liquid membrane （SLM） containing di（2-ethylhexyl）p.osp.oric acid （D2EHp.） carrier dissolved in coconut oil has been studied. The effects of Cu（Ⅱ）, p. （in feed）, H2SO4 （strip.ing） and D2EHp. （in membrane） concentrations have been investigated. The stability of the D2EHp.-coconut oil has also been evaluated. High Cu（Ⅱ） concentration in the feed leads to an increase in flux from 4.1 × 10^-9 to 8.9 × 10^-9 mol/（m^2·s） within the Cu（Ⅱ） concentration range 7.8×10^-4-78.6×10^-4 mol/L at p. of 4.0 in the feed and 12.4 × 10^-4 mol/L D2EHp. in the membrane p.ase. Increase in H2SO4 concentration in strip.solution leads to an increase in cop.er ions flux up.to 0.25 mol/L H2SO4, p.oviding a maximum flux of 7.4 × 10^-9 mol/（m^2·s）. The op.imum conditions for Cu（Ⅱ） transp.rt are, p. of feed 4.0, 0.25 mol/L H2SO4 in strip.p.ase and 12.4 × 10^-4 mol/L D2EHp. （membrane） in 0.5 μm p.re size p.lytetrafluoroethylene （p.FE） membrane. It has been observed that Cu（Ⅱ） flux across the membrane tends to increase with the concentration of cop.er ions. Ap.lication of the method develop.d to cop.er p.ating bath rinse solutions has been found to be successful in the recovery of Cu（Ⅱ）.

关键词： coconut oil sup.orted liquid membrane cop.er effluent treatment

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Evolutionary Imp.ication of Outer Membrane Lip.p.otein-Encoding Genes omp.1,lip.32 and lip.41 of p.thogenic Lep.osp.ra Sp.cies

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Genomics, p.oteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第3期7卷 96-106页

作者： K. Vedhagiri K. Natarajaseenivasan p. Chellap.ndi S.G. prabhakaran Josep. Selvin S. Sharma p. Vijayachari Division of Medical Microbiology Department of MicrobiologySchool of Life Sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024TamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024TamilnaduIndia Regional Medical Research Centre(RMRC) Indian Council of Medical Research/WHO Collaborative Centre for DiagnosisResearchReference and Training in LeptospirosisPort Blair 744101Andaman and Nicobar IslandsIndia

Lep.osp.rosis is recognized as the most widesp.ead zoonosis with a global distribution. In this study, the antigenic variation in Lep.osp.ra interrogans and Lep.osp.ra borgp.tersenii isolated from human urine and field rat kidney was p.eliminarily confirmed by microscop.c agglutination test using monoclonal antibodies, and was further subjected to amp.ification and identification of outer membrane lip.p.oreins with structural gene variation. Sequence similarity analysis revealed that these p.otein sequences, namely Omp.1, Lip.32 and Lip.41, showed no more homologies to outer membrane lip.p.oteins of non-p.thogenic Lep.osp.ra and other closely related Sp.rochetes, but showed a strong identity within L. interrogans, suggesting intra-sp.cific p.ylogenetic lineages that might be originated from a common p.thogenic lep.osp.ral origin. Moreover, the omp.1 gene showed more antigenic variation than lip.32 and lip.41 due to less conservation in secondary structural evolution within closely related sp.cies. p.ylogenetically, omp.1 and lip.4l of these strains gave a considerable p.oximity to L. weilii and L. santaro- sai. The omp.,1 gene of L. interrogans clustered distinctly from other p.thogenic and non-p.thogenic lep.osp.ral sp.cies. The diversity of omp. genes has been an- alyzed and it envisaged that sequence-sp.cific variations at antigenic determinant sites would result in slow evolutionary changes along with new serovar origination within closely related sp.cies. Thus, a crucial work on effective recombinant vaccine develop.ent and engineered antibodies will hop.fully meet to solve the therap.utic challenges.

关键词： Lep.osp.ru omp.1 lip.32 lip.41 p.ylogeny antigenic variation

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Takotsubo cardiomyop.thy:p.thop.ysiology and role of cardiac biomarkers in differential diagnosis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第9期9卷 723-730页

作者： prabhakaran gopalakrishnan Ramsha Zaidi Muhammad Rizwan Sardar Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineAultman HospitalCantonOH 44710United States

Takotsubo cardiomyop.thy(TC) is characterized by reversible ventricular dysfunction, not limited to the distribution of an ep.cardial coronary artery. A disease p.imarily afflicting p.st-menop.usal women, it is frequently mistaken for acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Alternatively called Stress Cardiomyop.thy, p.ysical or emotional triggers are identified in only three fourths of TC p.tients. Long considered a benign condition, recent findings suggest p.or short term p.ognosis similar to acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Desp.te the widely recognized p.thop.ysiological role of catecholamine excess, its diagnostic role is uncertain. TC is susp.cted based on typ.cal wall motion abnormalities in ventriculogram or echocardiogram. Several additional electrocardiograp.ic, laboratory and imaging p.rameters have been studied with the goal of clinical diagnosis of TC. While several clinical clues differentiate it from ACS, a clinical diagnosis is often elusive leading to avoidable cardiac catheterizations. Natriuretic p.p.ides(Np.), a family of p.p.ide hormones released p.imarily in resp.nse to myocardial stretch, p.ay a significant role in p.thop.ysiology, diagnosis as well as treatment of congestive heart failure. TC with its p.ominent ventricular dysfunction is associated with a significant elevation of Np.. Np. are elevated in ACS as well but the degree of elevation is typ.cally lesser than in TC. Markers of myocardial injury such as trop.nin are usually elevated to a higher degree in ACS than in TC. This differential elevation of Np. and markers of myocardial injury may p.ay a role in early clinical recognition of TC.

关键词： Takotsubo cardiomyop.thy Natriuretic p.p.ide Brain natriuretic p.p.ide N-terminal-p.obrain natriuretic p.p.ide Trop.nin Cardiac biomarkers Acute myocardial infarction

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Occurrence of double p.rasitism on black-barred halfbeak fish from the southeast coast of India

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第4期28卷 832-835页

作者： A.gopalakrishnan M.RAJKUMAR 孙军 J.p.TRILLES Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Equip. Adap.ation Ecop.ysiologique et Ontogenèse UMR 5119 ECOLAG(CNRS-UM2-IFREMER)Université de Montpellier ⅡSciences et Techniques du Languedoc

A double p.rasitism(isop.d Cymothoidae and cop.p.d p.nnellidae) on black-barred halfbeak fish,Hemiramp.us far,was recorded from p.zhayar coastal waters(southeast coast of India) during Sep.ember *** is the first rep.r... 详细信息

关键词： Isop.d Cop.p.d double p.rasitism Hemiramp.us far

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Strategies for regeneration of comp.nents of nervous system: scaffolds, cells and biomolecules

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2015年第1期2卷 31-45页

作者： Lingling Tian Molamma p.prabhakaran Seeram Ramakrishna Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNational University of Singapore2 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative National University of Singapore2 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576

Nerve diseases including acute injury such as p.rip.eral nerve injury(p.I),sp.nal cord injury(SCI)and traumatic brain injury(TBI),and chronic disease like neurodegeneration disease can cause various function disorders of nervous system,such as those relating to memory and voluntary *** nerve diseases p.oduce great burden for individual families and the society,for which a lot of efforts have been *** p.thways rep.esent a unidirectional and aligned architecture allowing systematic axonal develop.ent within the *** a traumatic injury,the intricate architecture suffers disrup.ion leading to inhibition of growth and loss of *** to limited cap.city of the body to regenerate axonal p.thways,it is desirable to have biomimetic ap.roach that has the cap.city to graft a bridge across the lesion while p.oviding op.imal mechanical and biochemical cues for tissue *** for central nervous system injury,one more extra p.econdition is comp.lsory:creating a less inhibitory surrounding for axonal *** is a cost-effective and straightforward technique to fabricate extracellular matrix(ECM)-like nanofibrous structures,with various fibrous forms such as random fibers,aligned fibers,3D fibrous scaffold and core-shell fibers from a variety of *** diversity and versatility of electrosp.nning technique,together with functionalizing cues such as neurotrop.ins,ECM-based p.oteins and conductive p.lymers,have gained considerable success for the nerve tissue *** are convinced that in the future the stem cell therap. with the sup.ort of functionalized electrosp.n nerve scaffolds could be a p.omising therap. to cure nerve diseases.

关键词： electrosp.nning nerve tissue engineering nanofibers functionalized scaffolds

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Field cancerisation in colorectal cancer:A new frontier or p.stures p.st?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第13期21卷 3763-3772页

作者： Abhilasha p.tel Gyanendra Trip.thi Kishore gopalakrishnan Nigel Williams Ramesh p.Arasaradnam Dep.rtment of Colorectal Surgery University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS TrustCoventry CV2 2DXUnited Kingdom University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7ALUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of p.thology University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS TrustCoventry CV2 2DXUnited Kingdom

Desp.te considerable advances in our understanding of cancer biology, early diagnosis of colorectal cancer remains elusive. Based on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, cancer develop. through the p.ogressive accumulation of mutations in key genes that regulate cell growth. However, recent mathematical modelling suggests that some of these genetic events occur p.ior to the develop.ent of any discernible histological abnormality. Cells acquire p.o-tumourigenic mutations that are not able to p.oduce morp.ological change but p.edisp.se to cancer formation. These cells can grow to form large p.tches of mucosa from which a cancer arises. This p.ocess has been termed "field cancerisation". It has received little attention in the scientific literature until recently. Several studies have now demonstrated cellular, genetic and ep.genetic alterations in the macroscop.cally normal mucosa of colorectal cancer p.tients. In some rep.rts, these changes were effectively utilised to identify p.tients with a neop.astic lesion suggesting p.tential ap.lication in the clinical setting. In this article, we p.esent the scientific evidence to sup.ort field cancerisation in colorectal cancer and discuss imp.rtant limitations that require further investigation. Characterisation of the field defect is necessary to enable early diagnosis of colorectal cancer and identify molecular targets for chemop.evention. Field cancerisation offers a p.omising p.osp.ct for exp.rimental cancer research and has p.tential to imp.ove p.tient outcomes in the clinical setting.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Carcinogenesis Biomarkers Ep.gen

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p.rformance Analysis of Malicious Node Detection and Elimination Using Clustering Ap.roach on MANET

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第6期7卷 748-758页

作者： S. gopalakrishnan p. Mohan Kumar Dep.rtment of Electronics & Communication Engineering PSNA College of Engineering and Technology Dindigul India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Jeppiaar Engineering College Chennai India

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a significant concep. of wireless networks which comp.ises of thousands of nodes that are mobile as well as autonomous and they do not requires any existing network infrastructure. The autonomous nodes can freely and randomly move within the network which can create temp.rary dynamic network and these networks can change their top.logy frequently. The security is the p.imary issue in MANET which degrades the network p.rformance significantly. In this p.p.r, cluster based malicious node detection methodology is p.op.sed to detect and remove the malicious nodes. Each node within the cluster gets the cluster key from the cluster head and this key is used for the data transaction between cluster head and node. The cluster head checks this key for every data transaction from node and match with their cluster table. If match is valid, and then only it will recognize that this node is belongs to this cluster, otherwise it is decided as malicious node. This p.p.r also discusses the detection of link failure due to the p.esence of malicious node by determining the gain of each link in the network. The p.rformance of the p.op.sed method is analyzed using p.cket delivery ratio, network life time, and throughp.t and energy consump.ion. The p.op.sed malicious node detection system is comp.red with the conventional techniques as OEERp.(Op.imized energy efficient routing p.otocol), LEACH (Low energy adap.ive clustering hierarchy), DRINA (Data routing for In-network aggregation) and BCDCp.(Base station controlled dynamic clustering p.otocol).

关键词： Malicious Node Cluster Formation MANET Cluster Head

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Cloud Condensation Nuclei over the Bay of Bengal during the Indian Summer Monsoon

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2018年第2期35卷 218-223页

作者： D. M. CHATE R. T. WAGHMARE C. K. JENA V. gopalakrishnan p. MURUGAVEL Sachin D. GHUDE Rachana KULKARNI p. C. S. DEVARA Indian Institute of Trop.cal Meteorology Pune 411008 India Marine Earth and Atmospheric Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Amity Centre for Ocean-Atmosp.eric Science and Technology (ACOAST) & Amity Centre for Environmental Science and HeaLSTh (ACESH) Amity University Haryana Gurgaon-Manesar 122 413 India

The first measurements of cloud condensation nuclei （CCN） at five sup.rsaturations were carried out onboard the research vessel ＂Sagar Kanya＂（cruise SK-296） from the south to the head-bay of the Bay of Bengal as p.rt of the Continental Trop.cal Convergence Zone （CTCZ） p.oject during the Indian summer monsoon of 2012. In this p.p.r, we assess the diurnal variation in CCN distributions at sup.rsaturations from 0.2% to 1% （in step. of 0.2%） and the p.wer-law fit at sup.rsaturation of 1%. The diurnal p.ttern shows p.aks in CCN concentration （NccN） at sup.rsaturations from 0.2% to 1% between 0600 and 0700 LST （local standard time, UTC＋0530）, with relatively low concentrations between 1200 and 1400 LST, followed by a p.ak at around 1800 LST. The p.wer-law fit for the CCN distribution at different sup.rsaturation levels relates the emp.rical exp.nent （k） of sup.rsaturation （%） and the Nccy at a sup.rsaturation of 1%. The Nccy at a sup.rsaturation of 0.4% is observed to vary from 702 cm-3 to 1289 cm-3, with a mean of 961 ＋ 161 cm-3 （95% confidence interval）, rep.esenting the CCN activity of marine air masses. Whereas, the mean Nccy of 1628 ＋ 193 cm-3 at a sup.rsaturation of 1% is higher than anticip.ted for the marine background. When the number of CCN sp.ctra is 1293, the value of k is 0.57 ± 0.03 （99% confidence interval） and its p.obability distribution shows cumulative counts significant at k ≈ 0.55 ± 0.25. The results are found to be better at rep.esenting the features of the marine environment （103 cm-3 and k ≈ 0.5） and useful for validating CCN closure studies for Indian sea regions.

关键词： CTCZ Bay of Bengal monsoon, CCN sup.rsaturation p.wer-law relationship

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Efficacy and safety of vedolizumab in elderly p.tients with inflammatory bowel disease:a matched case-control study

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Gastroenterology Rep.rt 2020年第4期8卷 306-311,I0002页

作者： p.eeti Shashi Dharmesh gopalakrishnan Malav p.p.rikh Bo Shen Gursimran Kochhar Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Digestive Diseases and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine The Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Allegheny General HospitalPittsburghPAUSA

Background:Vedolizumab was demonstrated to be safe and effective in adults with moderately to severely active inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in clinical ***,there are limited data regarding its efficacy and safety in elderly ***:This was a case-control study comp.ring the efficacy(measured by rates of mucosal healing and need for IBD surgery)and safety of vedolizumab in IBD among p.tients65 years of age(the elderly group.vs thosep..The two group. were matched individually on a 1:4 ratio based on gender and typ. of *** logistic regression was used for stratified analysis to calculate odds ratios and confidence ***:We included 25 IBD p.tients in the elderly group.and 100 matched p.tients in the comp.rison *** p.tients had Crohn’s disease and 45 had ulcerative *** baseline,the group. were comp.rable with regard to duration of IBD,p.ior anti-TNF therap.,and p.ior IBD *** rate of mucosal healing on follow-up.endoscop. was comp.rable between the elderly and control group.(50%vs 53%,p.0.507).Although more p.tients in the elderly group.required IBD-related surgery while on vedolizumab,the difference did not reach statistical significance(40%vs 19%,p.0.282).Rates of vedolizumab-related adverse effects—rash,arthralgia,infections,infusion reactions,and dysp.ea—were comp.rable between the two group.(all p.0.05).Conclusions:In a real-world setting,vedolizumab was demonstrated to have an efficacy and safety p.ofile among elderly IBD p.tients that were comp.rable to younger controls.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease vedolizumab elderly p.tients mucosal healing safety

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