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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第2期10卷 213-218页

作者： Ilaria Dal prà Anna Chiarini Ubaldo Armato Histology & Embryology Section Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences University of Verona Medical School

Astrocytes＇ roles in late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease （LOAD） promotion are important, since they survive soluble or fibrillar amyloid-β peptides （Aβs） neurotoxic effects, undergo alterations of intracellular and intercellular Ca2＋ signaling and gliotransmitters release via the Aβ/a7-nAChR （αT-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor） signaling, and overproduce/oversecrete newly synthesized Aβ42 oligomers, NO, and VEGF-A via the Aβ/CaSR （calcium-sensing receptor） signaling. Recently, it was suggested that the NMDAR （N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor） inhibitor nitromemantine would block the synapse-destroying effects of Aβ/α7-nAChR signaling. Yet, this and the progressive extracellular accrual and spreading of Aβ42 oligomers would be stopped well upstream by NPS 2143, an allosteric CaSR antagonist （calcilytic）.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β astrocytes Ca2+ calcilytic calcium-sensing receptor nitromemantine NPS 2143 aT-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第8期6卷 161-166页

作者： Flyn Kaida-Yip Kaivalya deshpande Trishla Saran Dinesh Vyas College of Medicine California Northstate University Kaivalya deshpande Department Of SurgeryMichigan State University Trishla Saran Department of Medicine the University of Texas of the Permian Basin Dinesh Vyas Department of SurgeryTexas Tech University

Biosimilars are a growing drug class designed to be used interchangeably with *** are cr-eated in living cells and are typically large,complex pr-oteins that may have a variety of *** the field of gastroenterology alone,biologics are used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases,cancers,and endocrine *** biologics have proven to be effective in treating or managing many diseases,patient acce-ss is often limited by high *** development of biosimilars is an attempt to reduce treatment *** must be nearly identical to their reference biologics in terms of efficacy,side effect risk profile,and *** the manufacturing process still involves production within living cells,biosimilars undergo fewer clinical trials than do their reference *** ultimately reduces the cost of production and the cost of the biosimilar drug compared to its reference ***,seven biosimilars have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for use in Crohn’s disease,ulcerative colitis,and colorectal *** are other biologics involved in treating gastroenterologic diseases for which there are no FDA approved *** biosimilars have the po-tential to reduce healthcare costs in chronic disease management,they face challenges in establishing a sig-nificant market *** comfort in prescribing reference biologics instead of biosimilars and patient reluctance to switch from a biologic to a biosimilar are two common contributing factors to biosimilars’slow in-crease in *** time will be needed for biosimilars to establish a larger and more consistent market share compared to their reference *** da-ta confirming the safety and efficacy of biosimilars,increased number of available biosimilars,and further cost reduction of biosimilars will all be necessary to im-prove physician confidence in biosimilars and patient comfort with biosimilars.

关键词： Biosimilars Inflammatory bowel disease Biologics Inflammation Drug class

Numerical Simulation of Separated Flows in Channels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第2期21卷 145-153页

作者： Petr Louda Jaromír príhoda Petr Sváek Karel Kozel Czech Technical University in prague Fac. of Mechanical Engineering Karlovo nám. 13 CZ-121 35 Praha 2 Institute of Thermomechanics AS CR v.v.i. Dolejkova 5 CZ-182 00 Praha 8

The work deals with numerical modelling of turbulent flows in channels with an expansion of the cross-section where flow separation and reattachment occur. The performance of several eddy viscosity models and an explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model (EARSM) is studied. The used test cases are flows in channels with various backward facing steps where the step is perpendicular or inclined and the top wall is parallel or deflected. Furthermore, a channel with the circular ramp is considered. The numerical solution is achieved by the finite volume method or by the finite element method. The results of both numerical approaches are compared.

关键词： backward facing step flow EARSM model SST model

Segmented trust assessment in autonomous vehicles via eye-tracking

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第2期7卷 151-161页

作者： Miklós Lukovics Szabolcs prónay Barbara Nagy Faculty of Economics and Business Administration University of SzegedSzeged H-6726Hungary

previous studies have identified trust as one of the key factors in the technology acceptance of autonomousvehicles. As these studies mostly investigated the population in general, little is known about segment-specific ***, the widely used survey methods are less able to capture the deeper forms of trust—which neuroscientificmethods are much better suited to capture. The main objective of our research is to study trust as one of the key factors oftechnology acceptance related to autonomous vehicles by using neuroscientific methods for specific consumer ***-time eye-tracking tests were applied to a sample of 113 participants, combined with a posttest self-report. The testswere carried out under laboratory conditions during which our subjects watched videos recorded with the internal camerasof autonomous vehicles. Based on the fixation count, total fixation duration, and pupil dilation, we empirically verified thatthe trust level of all five identified segments is relatively low, while the trust level of the “traditional rejecting” segment is thelowest. An increase in trust level can be shown if the subjects receive extra information about the journey. Anotherimportant finding is that the self-reported trust level is not always congruent with the eye-tracking analysis results;therefore,combined approaches can lead to greater measurement validity.

关键词： autonomous vehicles(AVs) technology acceptance trust eye-tracking

Investigation of the Compressible Flow through the Tip-Section Turbine Blade Cascade with Supersonic Inlet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第2期25卷 138-144页

作者： Martin Luxa Jaromír príhoda David Simurda Petr Straka Jaroslav Synác Institute of Thermomechanics AS CR v.v.i. Dolejskova 1402/5 18200 Prague Czech Republic Aerospace Research and Test Establishment Plc Beranovych 130 19905 Prague Czech Republic Doosan Skoda Power Co. Ltd. Tylova 1/57 30128 Pilsen Czech Republic

The contribution deals with the experimental and numerical investigation of compressible flow through the tip-section turbine blade cascade with the blade 54″ long. Experimental investigations by means of optical(interferometry and schlieren method) and pneumatic measurements provide more information about the behaviour and nature of basic phenomena occurring in the profile cascade flow field. The numerical simulation was carried out by means of the EARSM turbulence model according to Hellsten [5] completed by the bypass transition model with the algebraic equation for the intermittency coefficient proposed by Straka and P?íhoda [6] and implemented into the in-house numerical code. The investigation was focused particularly on the effect of shock waves on the shear layer development including the laminar/turbulent transition. Interactions of shock waves with shear layers on both sides of the blade result usually in the transition in attached and/ or separated flow and so to the considerable impact to the flow structure and energy losses in the blade cascade.

关键词： long turbine rotor blade supersonic tip section optical methods transition modelling CFD

Stem cells for cardiac repair: an introduction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2013年第2期10卷 186-197页

作者： Bastiaan C du pr(e) Pieter A Doevendans Linda W van Laake Departments of Cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Departments of Cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Inter university Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands P.O. box 19258 2501 DG Utrecht the Netherlands Departments of Cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Hubrecht Institute P.O box 85164 3508 AD Utrecht the Netherlands

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Most cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are associated with loss of functional cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, the heart has a limited regenerative capacity and is not able to replace these cardiomyocytes once lost. In recent years, stem cells have been put forward as a potential source for cardiac regeneration. pre-clinical studies that use stem cell-derived cardiac cells show promising results. The mechanisms,though, are not well understood, results have been variable, sometimes transient in the long term, and often without a mechanistic *** are still severalmajor hurdles to be taken. Stem cell-derived cardiac cells should resemble original cardiac cell types and be able to integrate in the damaged heart. Integration requires administration of stem cell-derived cardiac cells at the right time using the right mode of delivery. Once delivered, transplanted cells need vascularization, electrophysiological coupling with the injured heart, and prevention of immunological rejection. Finally, stem cell therapy needs to be safe, reproducible, and affordable. In this review, we will give an introduction to the principles of stem cell based cardiac repair.

关键词： Cardiomyocytes Heart Regeneration Stem cell

Organic matter produced by algae and cyanobacteria: Quantitative and qualitative characterization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第6期25卷 1089-1097页

作者： Maud Leloup Rudy Nicolau Virginie Pallier Claude Yprmian Geneviève Feuillade-Cathalifaud University of Limoges EA 4330Groupement de Recherche EauSolEnvironnement(GRESE)ENSILParc d'ESTER Technople16 rue AtlantisF-87068 Limoges CedexFrance UMR 7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS Equipe CyanobactériesCyanotoxines et EnvironnementMuséum National d'Histoire NaturelleCase 3912 rue BuffonF-75231 Paris Cedex 05France

This work aims at characterizing organic matter produced by an alga Euglena gracil~ and a cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and assessing the evolution of its characteristics during growth. A culture medium was optimized. The species growth phases were monitored using both visible spectrophotometry and flow cytometry cell counting. Organic matter fractionation according to hydrophobicity and specific UV absorbance （SUVA） index were used to specifically characterize the produced algal organic matter （AOM）. The AOM characteristics were both growth phase and species dependent. However, a similar evolution was observed. The hydrophilic fraction （HPI） was the major fraction whatever the growth phases and was almost the only one produced during lag and exponential phases. It represented around 75% of AOM during exponential phase and then decreased when the stationary phase appeared. It represented 46% and 60% of the AOM during late decline phase for the cyanobacteria and the alga respectively. The hydrophobic （HPO） and transphilic （TPH） fractions started to appear from the beginning of the stationary phase with more hydrophobic compounds coming from intracellular organic material of dying cells. HPO and TPH percentages still increased during the decline phase probably because of two additional processes： photo-dissolution and leaching of particulate organic matter from cells fragments. A comparison of AOM during late decline phase and natural organic matter （NOM） from Glane River （France） underlined that AOM was more fiydrophilic and presented a lower SUVA for each fractions than NOM. However, the difference between NOM and AOM hydrophobicity narrowed during decline phase.

关键词： algae cyanobacteria organic matter XAD fractionation SUVA flow cytometry

The State-of-Art and Development Trends of HSLA Steels in China

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 1-13页

作者： WENG Yu-qing 1,YANG Cai-fu 2,SHANG Cheng-jia 3 (1.The Chinese Society for Metals,Beijing,pr China 2.Centre Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing,pr China 3.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,pr China) Chinese Soc Met Beijing Peoples R China Ctr Iron & Steel Res Inst Beijing Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

During the last decade,the adjustment of product segments always is a very important task of iron industry,and upgrading of steel products has been impelled actively by Chinese iron and steel *** rapidly increasing of iron & steel production,a series of research achievements have been made in the technology area of high strengthtoughness steel,and also have been applied successfully in the actual production,*** technology of fine grain and ultra-fine grain steels,the technology for the control of microalloying ***,It is an important strategic goal of "Twelfth Five-year Plan" for Chinese iron and steel industry that the adjustment of steel product segments and meeting the requirements for upgrading of domestic and oversea equipment manufactory *** HSLA steel with better performance,instead of plain steel,could save steel consumption largely,and also release pressures from resource,energy and *** doubt,it is the only way to realize the sustained development of Chinese iron and steel industry by popularizing the application of HSLA steels vigorously.

关键词： HSLA steel microalloying technology Chinese iron and steel industry

Differentiation transforming system

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第3期19卷 397-406页

作者： Qiang Chenga,b,c,*, Haibin Zhang d, Bin Wanga, Yonghua Zhao c a LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, pr China b LSEC, Institute of Computing Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, pr China c SC, Institute of Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, pr China d College of Applied Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, pr China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 PR China LSEC Institute of Computing Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 PR China SC Institute of Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China College of Applied Sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 PR China

The differentiation transforming (DFT) system is developed to produce the tangent linear codes, which is used to calculate the Jaco- bian- and the Hessian-vector products with no truncation errors. This paper first gives the introduction of the functionality and features of the DFT system, and then discusses several techniques for the implementation of automatic differentiation tools, including data depen- dence analysis, singular differentiation and code optimization. Finally, the codes generated with DFT used in several applications have been demonstrated.

关键词： Jacobian Hessian Tangent linear model Automatic differentiation

A versatile approach for temporary storage and shipping of in vitro cultured cells,cell sheets and tissue engineered constructs-a preliminary report

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第3期3卷 283-291页

作者： Anju MS Athira RK Ramesh Babu V Anil Kumar pr Naresh Kasoju Division of Tissue Culture Department of Applied BiologyBiomedical Technology WingSree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram 695012KeralaIndia Division of precision Fabrication Department of Medical Devices EngineeringBiomedical Technology WingSree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram 695012KeralaIndia

Temporary storage/shipping of cell/tissue engineering products from bench to bedside is a key aspect of re-generative *** current proof-of-concept study presents a multipurpose device for temporary storage/shipping of cell culture dishes containing cell/tissue *** device,made with readily available raw ma-terials,contains three elements viz.a specialized lid,polymeric plates having grooves and a set of nuts and *** part of the performance evaluation,the device was first subjected to a simulated storage/shipping process,wherein the leak-proof and aseptic containment of the contents was ***,the setup was used for temporary storage/shipping of dishes having(a)L929 cell monolayers cultured on treated surfaces,(b)SIRC,HaCaT and A549 cell sheets cultured on thermo-responsive surfaces,(c)HOS-cell encapsulated agar gels and(d)HOS-cell seeded silk fibroin *** results showed that the health of cell monolayers/cell sheets/tissue constructs after the process was comparable to that before the *** device was scalable,simple to handle,can be made for a single or multi-use purpose,and can be resizable to load other culture *** design of the storage/shipping device described in this report thus offers versatile features and applications.

关键词： Tissue engineering Scaffolds Tissue equivalents Translational medicine