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Electronic regulation to achieve efficient anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste(OFMSW):strategies,challenges and potential solutions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 159-165页

作者： Yongdong Chen Hong Wang Parisa ghofrani-Isfahani Li Gu Xiaoguang Liu Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkKgs Lyngby DK-2800Denmark College of Environment and Ecology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic fraction of municipal solid waste(OFMSW)is prone to system breakdown under high organic loading rates(OLRs)condition,which subsequently reduces the efficiency of digestion process and results in substantial economic *** this perspective paper,the substances metabolisms,electrons flow,as well as microbial interaction mechanisms within AD process are comprehensively discussed,and the underlying bottleneck that causes inefficient methane production is identified,which is“electrons surplus”.Systems encountering severe electron surplus are at risk of process failure,making it crucial to proactively prevent this phenomenon through appropriate *** this basis,the present perspective proposes three potential electronic regulation strategies to prevent electrons surplus,namely,electron shunt,accelerating electron transfer and regulating methanogenic metabolism pathway,and presents specific methodologies for each ***,the potential solutions to challenges that may occur during the electronic regulation process are also presented in this *** perspective aims to provide innovative approaches to achieve the efficient and stable operation of OFMSW anaerobic digestion,especially under high OLRs condition.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Electrons surplus Electronic regulation Electrons shunt Electron transfer Methanogenic metabolism pathway

DYNAMICS OF KNOWLEDGE ACCUMULATION IN TECHNOLOGY FOLLOWER COUNTRIES: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第3期18卷 312-340页

作者： Ehsan SHAFIEI Mohammad-Bagher ghofrani Yadollah SABOOHI Power and Energy Planning Department Ministry of Energy TehranIran Department of Energy Engineering Sharif University of Technology TehranIran Sharif Energy Research Inst. Sharif University of Technology TehranIran

In this paper the process of knowledge accumulation for a particular technology is studied. Two countries, say the technology follower and the technology frontier, are considered. The frontier＇s knowledge growth is determined by its R＆D efforts on the technology. The level of knowledge stock for the follower country is augmented by its R＆D activities for the technology and absorbing some of the external knowledge through spillover from the frontier. The extent to which the follower is able to exploit the external knowledge depends on technological gap, absorptive capacity, absorption time and degree of spillover. New concepts such as natural and enhanced degree of spillover, background and innovative knowledge and absorption speed are introduced in the present work to deeply explore the process of knowledge spillover. The factors influencing the knowledge development in the long term are simultaneously studied in an integrated structure provided by the System Dynamics approach. This framework shows the responses to the changes and provides the basis for examining the interactions among the variables over time.

关键词： Knowledge spillover technology follower absorptive capacity absorption speed,knowledge complexity system dynamics

New turbulence modeling for air/water stratified flow

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2020年第1期5卷 55-67页

作者： M.Ghafari M.B.ghofrani Department of Energy Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyAzadi Ave.TehranIran

The prediction of interfacial turbulence characteristics is one of the still challenging of two-phase stratified *** evaluation of some important parameters such as interfacial heat transfer coefficient based on turbulence kinetic energy and turbulence dissipation rate in some models,intensifies the importance of turbulence flow correct *** gradient of velocity and turbulence kinetic energy at the interface of two-phase stratified flow leads to a major overestimation or underestimation of flow characteristics without any special *** of a source function of turbulence eddy frequency at the interface is one of the common solution employed in past *** this solution remedies some shortcomings of traditional methods in smooth stratified flow,its application in wavy stratified flow needs the other *** examination of turbulence characteristics near the free surface reveals that,in addition to turbulence eddy frequency,the other source function of turbulence kinetic energy should be considered near the free ***,a new source function of turbulence kinetic energy is proposed at the interface based on flow *** new method has been employed for Fabre et al.(1987)experiment designed for air/water stratified *** results of simulation have a good agreement with experimental data and turbulence characteristic can be captured near the free surface.

关键词： Stratified flow Turbulence model Turbulence kinetic energy Source function

An Efficient Method for Vehicle License Plate Detection in Complex Scenes

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Circuits and Systems 2011年第4期2卷 320-325页

作者： Mahmood Ashoori Lalimi Sedigheh ghofrani 不详

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for license plate localization in the images with various situations and complex background. At the first, in order to reduce problems such as low quality and low contrast in the vehicle images, image contrast is enhanced by the two different methods and the best for following is selected. At the second part, vertical edges of the enhanced image are extracted by sobel mask. Then the most of the noise and background edges are removed by an effective algorithm. The output of this stage is given to a morphological filtering to extract the candidate regions and finally we use several geometrical features such as area of the regions, aspect ratio and edge density to eliminate the non-plate regions and segment the plate from the input car image. This method is performed on some real images that have been captured at the different imaging conditions. The appropriate experimental results show that our proposed method is nearly independent to environmental conditions such as lightening, camera angles and camera distance from the automobile, and license plate rotation.

关键词： License Plate Detection Image Enhancement Background And Noise Removing Morphological Operations

New therapeutic developments in the field of pulmonary vascular disease

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New therapeutic developments in the field of pulmonary vascu...

Use of prostacyclin and prostacyclin- analogues in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension

中华医学会第五届全国肺栓塞与肺血管病学术会议暨第三届国际肺循环病研讨会

作者： Hossein-Ardeschir ghofrani University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH

In the recent decade many advances have been achieved in the field of treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).Prostacyclin and its derivates,blockers of endothelin receptors and inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase-5 represent the currently approved classes of drugs in this *** all currently approved medications have shown to improve exercise capacity,quality of life and prognosis of

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Use of prostacyclin and prostacyclin- analogues in the treat...

ON EVEN HIGHER-ORDER MOMENTS BASED ON MATCHING PURSUIT DECOMPOSITION

第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： H.A.ghofrani Medical Clinic II/V University Hospital GiessenKlinikstrasse 3635392 GiessenGermany

＜正＞ Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension （PAH） is a progressive disease of various origins. In most cases increasing right ventricular load subsequent to high pulmonary vascular resistance leads to right ventricular decompensation. Intravenous prostacyclin was the first treatment for patients suffering from primary pulmonary hypertension to show improvements in functional capacity and survival in controlled clinical trials. However, this therapy requires permanent i. v. administration of the drug via indwelling catheters associated, bearing the risk of line-infections and right heart decompensation upon accidental discontinuation of the therapy. Administration of prostacyclin analogues via the oral （Beraprost）, subcutaneous （Treprostinil）, or inhaled route （Iloprost, Treprostinil） has been proposed to combine the proven beneficial effects of prostanoids as a treatment for severe pulmonary hypertension, while sparing out the disadvantages associated with the intravenous administration. The topic of this presentation will be to review the currently available prostanoid therapies and to provide information about the ongoing and future developments in this therapeutic area.

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ON EVEN HIGHER-ORDER MOMENTS BASED ON MATCHING PURSUIT DECOM...

Experimental and Simulation Validation of Piezoelectric Road Energy Harvesting

第七届国际信号处理会议

作者： S. ghofrani D.C. McLernon A. Ayatollahi School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering The University of Leeds Leeds UK. Electrical Engineering Department Iran University of Science ＆ Technology Tehran Iran. School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering The University of Leeds Leeds UK Electrical Engineering Department Iran University of Science ＆ Technology Tehran Iran.

In this paper, we will derive a closed form formula for the spectral characteristic function based on the matching pursuit (MP) decomposition when using the chirplet dictionary. Thus the instantane

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2022年第3期11卷 122-141页

作者： Andrew Sherren Kyle Fink Joshua Eshelman Luay Yassin Taha Sohail Anwar Craig Brennecke Hussein M. Abdeltawab Shihui Shen Faeze ghofrani Cheng Zhang College of Engineering The Pennsylvania State University Altoona USA

This project strived to develop a prototype road piezoelectric energy harvester RPEH system using five Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) PZT 5H modules (stacks) that are embedded in the road by means of a housing unit to harvest energy from vehicles stressing the modules. The work is an extension of our previous published work in the same journal. The design considered many factors to optimize the harvested energy. The proposed system first captures mechanical energy using a designed module that transfers the energy to the piezoelectric stacks. Then the captured energy will be converted into electrical energy by the piezoelectric phenomenon. The harvested energy is stored in a storage device, then analyzed by an oscilloscope through the acquisition of the harvested voltage, current, power, and energy. When testing the RPEH with the wheel tracking machine, varying resistor loads where connected to the output of the RPEH to address the optimum power delivered to the load. The optimum load was found to be 950 kΩ, and the optimal harvested energy was recorded as 45 uJ.

关键词： Energy Harvesting Piezoelectric Harvesters Road Pavement Device Modelling

Empirical Wavelet Transform;Stationary and Nonstationary Signals

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Journal of Electronic & Information Systems 2019年第2期1卷 1-5页

作者： Hesam Akbari Sedigheh ghofrani Biomedical Engineering Department South Tehran BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran Electrical Engineering Department South Tehran BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran

Signal decomposition into the frequency components is one of the oldest challenges in the digital signal *** early nineteenth century,Fourier transform(FT)showed that any applicable signal can be decomposed by unlimited ***,the relationship between time and frequency is lost under using *** to many researches for appropriate time-frequency representation,in early twentieth century,wavelet transform(WT)was *** is a well-known method which developed in order to decompose a signal into frequency *** contrast with original WT which is not adaptive according to the input signal,empirical wavelet transform(EWT)was *** this paper,the performance of discrete WT(DWT)and EWT in terms of signal decomposing into basic components are *** this purpose,a stationary signal including five sinusoids and ECG as biomedical and nonstationary signal are *** to being non-adaptive,DWT may remove signal components but EWT because of being adaptive is *** can also extract the baseline of ECG signal easier than DWT.

关键词： Empirical wavelet transform Discrete wavelet transform Signal decomposition