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SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATIOn4, a new var2 Suppressor Locus, Encodes a Pioneer Protein that Is Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第2期4卷 229-240页

作者： Fei Yu ung-Soon Park Xiayan Liu Andrew Foudree Aigen Fu Marta Powikrowska Anastassia Khrouchtchova poul erik jens.n Jillian n. Kriger Gordon RI Gray Steven R. Rodermel College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 People's Republic of China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology iowa State University 253 Bessey Hall Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Copenhagen Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan S7N 5A8 Canada

VAR2 is an integral thylakoid membrane protein and a member of the versatile FtsH class of metalloproteases in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recessive mutations in the VAR2 locus give rise to variegated plants （var2） that contain white sectors with abnormal plastids and green sectors with normal-appearing chloroplasts. In a continuing effort to isolate second-site suppressors of var2 variegation, we characterize in this report ems2505, a suppressor strain that has a virescent phenotype due to a missense mutation in At4g28590, the gene for a pioneer protein. We designated this gene SVR4 （for SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATIOn4） and the mutant allele in ems2505 as svr4-1. We demonstrate that SVR4 is located in chloroplasts and that svr4-1 single mutants are normal with respect to chloroplast anatomy and thylakoid membrane protein accumulation. However, they are modestly impaired in several aspects of photochemistry and have enhanced non-photochemical quenching （nPQ） capacity. A T-DnA insertion allele of SVR4, svr4-2, is seedling-lethal due to an early blockage of chloroplast development. We conclude that SVR4 is essential for chloroplast biogenesis, and hypothesize that SVR4 mediates some aspect of thylakoid structure or function that controls nPQ. We propose that in the suppressor strain, photoinhibitory pressure caused by a lack of VAR2 is ameliorated early in chloroplast development by enhanced nPQ capacity caused by reduced SVR4 activity. This would result in an increase in the number of chloroplasts that are able to surmount a threshold necessary to avoid photo-damage and thereby develop into functional chloroplasts.

关键词： Arabidopsis chloroplast biogenesis non-photochemical quenching (nPQ) photo-damage suppressor strain variegation

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Patient selection and preparation strategies for the use of contrast material in patients with chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Radiology 2012年第6期4卷 253-257页

作者： poul erik Andersen Department of Radiology Odense University HospitalSdr.BoulevardDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease and peripheral arterial disease is ***,it is increasingly problematic to image these patients as the number of patients needing a vascular examination is increasing *** high-risk patients with impaired kidney function,intravascular administration of iodinated contrast media can result in contrast-induced acute kidney injury and Gadolinium can induce nephrogenic systemic fibrosis(nSF).It is important to identify these highrisk patients by means of se-creatinine/e glomerular filtration *** indication for contrast examination should counterbalance the increased *** or more alternative examination methods without contrast media,such as CO 2 angiography,Ultrasound/Doppler examination or magnetic resonance angiography without contrast should be considered,but at the same time,allow for a meaningful outcome of the *** contrast is deemed essential,the patient should be well hydrated,the amount of contrast should be restricted,the examination should be focused,metformin and diuretics stopped,and renal function *** bicarbonate and n-acetylcysteine are popular but their efficiency is not *** is no evidence that dialysis protects patients with impaired renal function from contrast-induced nephropathy or nSF.

关键词： Arterial disease Peripheral Radiology Interventional Diabetes complications nephropathies Diabetic Renal insufficiency Chronic Kidney failure

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Deep hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by fecal microbiota transplantation for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 612-614页

作者： Lotte Lindgreen eriksen Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall Peter Lykke eriksen Kirstine Petrea Bak-Fredslund jens erik nielsen jens Frederik Dahlerup Karen Louise Thomsen Hendrik Vilstrup Christian Lodberg Hvas Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Randers Regional HospitalRandersDenmark Department of Radiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark

Introduction Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is highly effective and potentially life-saving for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)[1].Recent pilot trials also reported the use of FMT to revert hepatic encephalopathy(HE)in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis without infectious colitis[2,3].Intestinal microbiota-driven hyperammonemia is central to HE development and most treatments aim to reduce ammonia levels by modulating the intestinal ***,FMT might lead to increased intestinal ammonia production,as we describe here.

关键词： hepatic infection encephalopathy

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IPM Strategies and Their Dilemmas Including an Introduction to www. ***

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 265-281页

作者： Lise nistrup Jφrgensen Mogens Stφvring Hovmφller jens Grφnbk Hansen poul Lassen Bill Clark Rosemary Bayles Bernd Rodemann Kerstin Flath Margot Jahn Tomas Goral Jerzy Czembor J Philip Cheyron Claude Maumene Claude De Pope Rita Ban Ghita Cordsen nielsen Gunilla Berg Depar tment of Agroecology Aarhus UniversityFlakkebjergFors?gsvej 1Slagelse 4200Denmark Aarhus University FoulumBlichers Allé 20Tjele 8830Denmark nIAB/TAG Huntingdon RoadCambridge CB3 0LEUnited Kingdom Julius Kuehn Institute Messerweg 11Braunsweig 38104Germany Julius Kuehn Institute Stahndorfer Damm 81Kleinmachnow14532Germany Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute IHAR-PIB RadzikowBlonie 05-870Poland Arvalis du Vegetal Boigneville 91720France Institut national de la Recherche Agronomique (InRA) Thiverval Grinon 78850France Szent István University Pater K.Street 1Godollo 2100Hungary Knowledge Centre for Agriculture SkejbyAarhus N 8200Denmark Swedish Board of Agriculture Plant Protection CentreAlnarp 23053Sweden

Information about disease management in winter wheat （Triticum aestiva） in eight European countries was collated and analysed by scientists and extension workers within the European network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies （EnDURE）. This included information about specific disease thresholds, decision support systems, host varieties, disease prevalence and pathogen virulence. Major differences in disease prevalence and economic importance were observed. Septoria tritici blotch （Mycosphaerella graminicola） was recognized as the most yield reducing disease in countries with intensive wheat production, but also rust diseases （Puccinia striiformis and Puccinia triticina）, powdery mildew （Blumeria graminis） and Fusarium head blight （Fusarium spp.） were seen as serious disease problems. Examples of current integrated pest management （IPM） strategies in different countries have been reported. Disease management and fungicide use patterns showed major differences, with an average input equivalent to 2.3 full dose rates （TFI） in the UK and a TFI of 0.6 in Denmark. These differences are most likely due to a combination of different cropping systems, climatic differences, disease prevalence, and socio-economic factors. The web based information platform *** was used for dissemination of information and results including information on control thresholds, cultural practices which can influence disease attack, fungicide efficacy, fungicide resistance, and pathogen virulence, which are all elements supporting 1PM for disease control in wheat. The platform is open to all users. The target groups of EuroWheat information are researchers, advisors, breeders, and similar partners dealing with disease management in wheat.

关键词： winter wheat IPM fungicides diseases cultural methods

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