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Adult human liver slice cultures:Modelling of liver fibrosis and evaluation of new anti-fibrotic drugs

World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第2期13卷 187-217页

作者： Daria Kartasheva-Ebertz Jesintha Gaston Loriane Lair-Mehiri Pierre-Philippe Massault Olivier Scatton Jean-Christophe Vaillant Vladimir Alexei Morozov Stanislas pol Sylvie Lagaye Institut Pasteur Immunobiologie des Cellules DendritiquesINSERM U1223Paris 75015France BioSPC Universitéde ParisParis 75005France Service de Chirurgie digestive Hépato-biliaire et EndocrinienneAPHPGroupe Hospitalier CochinParis 75014France Service de Chirurgie digestive et Hépato bilio pancréatique AP-HPGroupe Hospitalier La Pitié-SalpétrièreMedecine Sorbonne UniversitéParis 75013France Center for HIV and Retrovirology Department of Infectious DiseasesRobert Koch InstituteBerlin 13353Germany Département d'Hépatologie AP-HPGroupe Hospitalier CochinUniversitéde ParisParis 75014France

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis can result in end-stage liver failure and *** To examine human liver fibrogenesis and anti-fibrotic therapies,we evaluated the three dimensional ex vivo liver slice(LS)*** Fibrotic liver samples(F0 to F4 fibrosis stage according to the METAVIR score)were collected from patients after liver *** liver slices(HLS)were cultivated for up to 21 *** C virus(HCV)infection,alcohol(ethanol stimulation)and steatosis(palmitate stimulation)were examined in fibrotic(F2 to F4)liver slices infected(or not)with HCV.F0-F1 HLS were used as *** day 0,either ursodeoxycholic acid(choleretic and hepatoprotective properties)and/or α-tocopherol(antioxidant properties)were added to standard of care on HLS and fibrotic liver slices,infected(or not)with *** of the biomarkers of fibrosis and the triglyceride production were checked by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and/or enzymelinked immunosorbent *** The cultures were viable in vitro for 21 days allowing to study fibrosis inducers and to estimate the effect of anti-fibrotic *** of the biomarkers of fibrosis and the progression to steatosis(estimated by triglycerides production)was increased with the addition of HCV and/or ethanol or *** day 15 of the follow-up studies,a significant decrease of both transforming growth factorβ-1 and Procol1A1 expression and triglycerides production was observed when a combined anti-fibrotic treatment was applied on HCV infected F2-F4 LS *** These results show that the human three dimensional ex vivo model effectively reflects the in vivo processes in damaged human liver(viral,alcoholic,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis liver diseases)and provides the proof of concept that the LS examined model permits a rapid evaluation of new anti-fibrotic therapies when used alone or in combination.

关键词： Human liver fibrosis Hepatitis C virus Alcoholic liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Ex vivo model Drugs

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Pediatric Nursing Care and Its Practices in Three Health Care Facilities

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第12期10卷 1275-1293页

作者： Daniel Muhayimana Doriane Arakaza David Ndayegamiye Jovithe Bamboneyeho Tkachuk Anna edouard Niyongabo Faculty of Health sciences Hope Africa University BI-Bujumbura Burundi University of the Incarnate Word San Antonio Texas USA Hope Africa University BI-Bujumbura Burundi Department of Public Health Sciences Easter Africa Health Center National Institute of Public Health (INSP) Bujumbura-Burundi

Introduction: Pediatric nursing cares are among the most important care needed referring to the category of patients. A gap of the best practice in Pediatric Nursing Care (PNC) had been publically a major problem of health and raises the rate of morbidity and mortality. The lack of nursing guidelines, low level of studies, experience at work and low economic status of Health Care Facilities (HCFs) were the main problems assessed in these three HCFs (HUCK, VNC and MHK) in this study. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge of nurses during their practices in Pediatric Wards of HCFs and to provide a better contribution. Method: A descriptive study design was used in this study during the period of one month. 43, 25 and 30 nurses were selected among 98 nurses by using Dilman formula. A questionnaire with 5 parameters was distributed. Data were typed using Microsoft ward and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists version 16 software (SPSS). Results: The current study found that the majority of nurses don’t know to make the best nursing diagnosis neither the factors related to the implementation of EBP in PNC. The nurses have shown different barriers often met during their practices. The all process of nursing diagnosis was not recognized with the average of 97.6% of nurses. Conclusion: Even if the nurses have some experience at work they express their weakness based on low level of study, lack of knowledge and trained professionals on work and the pediatric nursing guidelines.

关键词： Pediatric Nursing Nursing Theories Pediatric Nurse Role of Pediatric Nurse Evidence Based Practice

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Pore water trace metal chemistry in polluted sediments of a tropical estuary of SE Brazil

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 66-67页

作者： Sambasiva Rao Patchineelam edouard Metzger Didier J uel Gerard Sarazin Departamento de Geoquimica Universidade Federal Fluminense Niteroi Brazil Laboratoire de Geochimie des Eaux University Paris 7 France

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FRAME: femtosecond videography for atomic and molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 548-554页

作者： Andreas Ehn Joakim Bood Zheming Li edouard Berrocal Marcus Aldén Elias Kristensson Division of Combustion Physics Department of PhysicsLund UniversityLund SE-22363Sweden

Many important scientific questions in physics,chemistry and biology require effective methodologies to spectroscopically probe ultrafast intra-and inter-atomic/molecular ***,current methods that extend into the femtosecond regime are capable of only point measurements or single-snapshot visualizations and thus lack the capability to perform ultrafast spectroscopic videography of dynamic single *** we present a laser-probe-based method that enables two-dimensional videography at ultrafast timescales(femtosecond and shorter)of single,non-repetitive *** method is based on superimposing a structural code onto the illumination to encrypt a single event,which is then deciphered in a post-processing *** coding strategy enables laser probing with arbitrary wavelengths/bandwidths to collect signals with indiscriminate spectral information,thus allowing for ultrafast videography with full spectroscopic *** demonstrate the high temporal resolution of our method,we present videography of light propagation with record high 200 femtosecond temporal *** method is widely applicable for studying a multitude of dynamical processes in physics,chemistry and biology over a wide range of time *** the minimum frame separation(temporal resolution)is dictated by only the laser pulse duration,attosecondlaser technology may further increase video rates by several orders of magnitude.

关键词： imaging techniques ultrafast photonics ultrafast spectroscopy videography

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Intraluminal Lithotripsy with Rigid Ureteroscopy for Proximal and Distal Ureteral Stones: Results of a Single Center in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第12期11卷 486-495页

作者： Cyril Kamadjou Divine Enoru Eyongeta edouard Herve Moby Jerry Kuitche Fru Angwafor Medical and Surgical Center of Urology Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Surgery and Specialties University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Coordinator Urology Residency Program Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraluminal lithotripsy with a pneumatic lithotripter (EMS, Switzerland) and laser Holmium YAG in retrograde rigid ureteroscopy for proximal and distal ureteric calculi. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out from January 2015 to December 2019 including 175 patients with ureteric calculi who presented with ureteric colic at a mini-invasive surgical urological center in Douala, Cameroon. All the patients underwent retrograde ureteroscopy with a 7F rigid ureteroscope, and fragmentation was done with either a pneumatic lithotripter or a laser holmium YAG. Six patients who had urinary tract infection benefited from double J stent placement before retrograde ureteroscopy. The study variables included age, clinical symptoms, size and location of the stone, the type of lithotripsy, operating time, and the results of lithotripsy. Results: We included a total of 175 patients with a mean age of 40.95 ± 12.50 years. Seventy-six (43.43%) of our participants were females and all patients had at least one calculus confirmed by a CT scan. Stone sizes ranged from 5 - 26 mm (median of 12 mm). Fifteen (8.57%) stones were located in the upper ureter (pyeloureteric junction), 64 in the middle ureter, 20 in the iliac ureter, 43 in the pelvic ureter, and 33 at the vesico-ureteric orifice. The success rate was 100% for stones located in the iliac ureter, pelvic ureter and the ureteric orifice. For those in the middle and upper ureter, the success rate was 92.18% and 60%, respectively. Conclusion: Rigid ureteroscopy is an excellent treatment modality for ureteral calculi, especially those located at the distal part of the ureter. The procedure is associated with a shorter operation time and a shorter post-operative hospitalization period, in addition to its safety and effectiveness compared to open surgery.

关键词： Calculi Rigid Ureteroscopy Pneumatic Lithoclast Laser Holmium Double J Stent

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Wettability of Ni-base Reactive BrazingAlloys on Alumina

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1994年第6期10卷 466-468页

作者： Chuangeng WAN(Welding Division, Dept. of Materials Engineering, Jilin University of Technology, Changchun, 130025, China)polyvios Kritsalis and Nicolas Eustathopoulos(Lab. de Thermodynamique et Physico-Chimie Metallurgiques, ENSEEG, Institut National pol Jilin Univ of Technology Changchun China

The influences of the additions of Ti or / and Si on the wettability of Ni-base alloys on alumina were investigated with the sessile drop method. The interfacial chemical reaction products were analyzed by scanning etectron rnicroscope and microprobe. Their effects on the wettability and the affecting factors for them to be produced were discussed. A new Ni-base braze alloy (NiFeCr10Si15Ti) was designed for brazing alumina with the superior qualities such as low contact angle (less than 25 degrees), high work temperature (near 1073 K) and good resistance to oxidations, etc.

关键词： base Wettability of Ni-base Reactive BrazingAlloys on Alumina Ti Ni

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Repurposing econazole as a pharmacological autophagy inhibitor to treat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第7期12卷 3085-3102页

作者： Ningna Weng Siyuan Qin Jiayang Liu Xing Huang Jingwen Jiang Li Zhou Zhe Zhang Na Xie Kui Wang Ping Jin Maochao Luo Liyuan Peng edouard C.Nice Ajay Goel Suxia Han Canhua Huang Qing Zhu Department of Abdominal Oncology West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China HospitalWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityCollaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China Department of Pancreatic Surgery West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeBiomedical Research CenterMonroviaCA 91016USA Department of Oncology the First Affiliated HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is characterized by the highest mortality among *** pathogenesis of PDAC requires elevated autophagy,inhibition of which using hydroxychloroquine has shown ***,current realization is impeded by its suboptimal use and unpredictable *** to identify novel autophagy-modulating agents from already approved drugs offer a rapid and accessible ***,using a patient-derived organoid model,we performed a comparative analysis of therapeutic responses among various antimalarial/fungal/parasitic/viral agents,through which econazole(ECON),an antifungal compound,emerged as the top *** testing in cell-line and xenograft models of PDAC validated this activity,which occurred as a direct consequence of dysfunctional *** specifically,ECON boosted autophagy initiation but blocked lysosome *** sequencing analysis revealed that this autophagic induction was largely attributed to the altered expression of activation transcription factor 3(ATF3).Increased nuclear import of ATF3 and its transcriptional repression of inhibitor of differentiation-1(ID-1)led to inactivation of the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR)pathway,thus giving rise to autophagosome accumulation in PDAC *** magnitude of the increase in autophagosomes was sufficient to elicit ER stress-mediated ***,ECON,as an autophagy inhibitor,exhibited synergistic effects with trametinib on *** study provides direct preclinical and experimental evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of ECON in PDAC treatment and reveals a mechanism whereby ECON inhibits PDAC growth.

关键词： Econazole Autophagy PDAC ATF3 AKT Organoid Trametinib Therapy

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Determination of Crystallization Kinetics and Size Distribution Parameters of Agglomerated Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles during the Carbonation of a Suspension of Lime

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2015年第2期4卷 16-27页

作者： Mathilde Schnebelen Myriam Ricaud Alexandra Jakob Didier Sy edouard Plasari Hervé Muhr Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés Université de Lorraine Nancy France Solvay Spécialités France Salin de Giraud France Groupe Dynamique des Phases condensées Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc de Montpellier 2 Montpellier France

The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. The carbonation was proceeded in a pilot batch reactor. This article presents a method for the determination of nucleation and crystal growth rates of calcium carbonate by following two macroscopic parameters: the mass production rate by precipitation and the specific surface area. The results give a constant nucleation rate around 4 × 1015m-3 ·s-1 and a decreasing crystal growth rate between 0.2 and 2 × 10-10 m·s-1. It also provides the main characteristics of the monoparticle size distributions (i.e. the mean particle sizes and in situ coefficient of variation) in the agglomerates, which cannot be obtained by other known methods. For the carbonation carried out in this work, the mean mass particle size at the end of the reaction is about 300 nm and the coefficient of variation of 0.28 indicates a narrow particle size distribution of the monoparticles.

关键词： Lime carbonation Crystal growth rate Nucleation rate Calcium carbonate

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Agglomeration Mechanisms and Kinetics during the Carbonation of a Suspension of Lime in a Pilot Batch Reactor

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2015年第3期4卷 35-46页

作者： Mathilde Schnebelen Kevin Mozet Alexandra Jakob Didier Sy edouard Plasari Hervé Muhr Université de Lorraine Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés Nancy France Solvay Spécialités France Salin de Giraud France

The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate particles by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. It consists in bubbling carbon dioxide in a suspension of lime to obtain precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC is a mineral filler with various applications: sealants, paints, paper, ink, pharmacy, cosmetics, food etc. However, there is a challenge related to the synthesis and the use of this precipitate: the agglomeration of the monoparticles. The aim of this work is then to understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon and to study its kinetics to improve the run of the process and the control of its impact on the final product. Experiments realized with a high concentration in sodium chloride (2 M) showed that the modification of the electrostatic environment did not change the particle size distribution and the morphology of the agglomerates. This indicates that the electrostatic interactions are not responsible for the agglomeration but the formation of crystalline bridges induced by the crystal growth. Thus, thanks to an agglomeration model including the crystal growth rate, the agglomeration kernel β and the agglomeration constant β0 can be determined using a mathematical treatment of the experimental particle size distributions. Finally, by varying the experimental conditions, it appears that the agglomeration constant increases with the temperature whereas there is an optimal value regarding the shear rate.

关键词： Calcium Carbonate Agglomeration Kernel Lime Carbonation Precipitation

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环形扩压器造型计算方法

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航空动力学报 1989年第1期4卷 61-62页

作者：李长林西北工业大学

以往的计算方法常不计沿程压力损失对造型的影响,且认为流面与发动机中心线垂直。计算表明当扩压器进出口中心流线差较大时,计算误差较大。本文则考虑了沿程压力损失,且认为流面与扩压器中心流线垂直,给出了一种新的扩压器造型计算方法。

关键词：扩压器喷气发动机造型

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