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Food preferences by birds using bird-feeders in winter： a large-scale experiment

Avian Research 2018年第2期9卷 157-162页

作者： piotr Tryjanowski Anders Pape Moiler Federico Morelli piotr Indykiewicz piotr Zduniak Lukasz Myczko Institute of Zoology Poznarn University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 71C 60-62S Poznan Poland Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-Sud CNRS AgroParisTech Universite Paris-Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France Department of Applied Geoinformatics and Spatial Planning Facult of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Kamycka 129 16500 Prague 6 Czech Republic Department of Zoology and Landscaping University of Technology and Life Sciences Ks. A. Kordeckiego 20 85-225 Bydgoszcz Poland Department of Avian Biology and Ecology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznah Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznan Poland

Background: Intentional winter bird feeding in gardens is one of the most common interactions between birds and humans. Because feeding may have both desired effects(provisioning of nutritious food for under-nourished birds) and undesired effects(favouritism of competitively superior species, transmission of disease), management of supplementary sites should be optimized from an ecological and conservation perspective. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to experimentally test winter food preferences of birds, with underlying potential influence of habitat(rural vs. urban) on realised food preferences ***: We conducted an experimental analysis of food preferences of wintering birds by provided bird-feeders in urban and rural environments across Poland. Data were collected twice during winter 2013–2014 across Poland, in total with 80 experimental ***: Sunflower seeds were the most preferred food supplement both in urban and rural habitats, significantly more exploited than any other food simultaneously available in feeders(animal fat, millet seed and dry fruits of rowanberry). However, no significant differences were recorded between urban and rural habitats in use of ***: The degree of use of a particular type of food at bird-feeders depended on the overall use of food in a bird-feeder—consumption of each of the four types of food was significantly positively correlated with that of the others, and it was positively correlated with the number of birds observed at the feeders.

关键词： Bird Food preferences Human-animal interactions Supplementary food Winter

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Exercise-provoked esophageal motility disorder in patients with recurrent chest pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第35期16卷 4428-4435页

作者： Jacek Budzyński Department of Gastroenterology Vascular Diseases and Internal MedicineNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńLudwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Division of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No.2 in Bydgoszcz

AIM:To investigate the relationship between exerciseprovoked esophageal motility disorders and the prognosis for patients with chest ***:The study involved 63 subjects with recurrent angina-like chest pain non-responsive to empirical therapy with proton pump inhibitor(PPI).In all,a coronary artery angiography,panendoscopy,24-h esophageal pH-metry and manometry,as well as a treadmill stress test with simultaneous esophageal pH-metry and manometry monitoring,were *** subjects had no significant coronary artery lesions,and 28 had more than 50% coronary artery *** patients with hypertensive esophageal motility disorders,a calcium antagonist was *** average follow-up period was 977 ± 249 ***:The prevalence of esophageal disorders,such as gastroesophageal reflux or diffuse esophageal spasm,was similar in patients both with and without significant coronary artery *** prompted esophageal motility disorders,such as a decrease in the percentage of peristaltic and effective contractions and their amplitude,as well as an increase in the percentage of simultaneous and non-effective *** 14(22%) patients the percentage of simultaneous contractions during the treadmill stress test exceeded the value of 55%.Using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the proportional hazard Cox regression model,it was shown that the administration of a calcium channel antagonist in patients with such an esophageal motility disorder significantly decreased the risk of hospitalization as a result of a suspicion of acute coronary syndrome after the 2.7-year follow-up ***:In patients with chest pain non-responsive to PPIs,a diagnosis of exercise-provoked esophageal spasm may have the effect of lowering the risk of the next hospitalization.

关键词： Noncardiac chest pain Esophageal motility Calcium antagonist Exercise Provocative test Follow-up

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Exertional esophageal pH-metry and manometry in recurrent chest pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4305-4312页

作者： Jacek Budzyński Department of Gastroenterology Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Poland Ujejskiego 75 Street 85-168 Bydgoszcz Poland Division of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz Ujejskiego 75 Street 85-168 Bydgoszcz Poland

AIM: To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of 24-h and exertional esophageal pH-metry and manometry in patients with recurrent chest pain. METHODS: The study included 111 patients (54% male) with recurrent angina-like chest pain, non-respon- sive to therapy with proton pump inhibitors. Sixty-five (59%) had non-obstructive lesions in coronary artery angiography, and in 46 (41%) significant coronary artery narrowing was found. In all patients, 24-h esophageal pH-metry and manometry, and treadmill stress tests with simultaneous esophageal pH-metry and manometry monitoring were performed. During a 24-h examination the percentage of spontaneous chest pain (sCP) episodes associated with acid reflux or dysmotility (symptom index, SI) was calculated. Patients with SI > 50% for acid gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were classified as having GER-related sCP. The remaining symptomatic individuals were determined as having non-GER-related sCP. During the stress test, the occurrence of chest pain, episodes of esophageal acidification (pH < 4 for 10 s) and esophageal spasm with more than 55% of simultaneous contractions (exercise-provoked esophageal spasm or EPES) were noted. RESULTS: Sixty-eight (61%) individuals reported sCP during 24-h esophageal function monitoring. Eleven of these (16%) were classified as having GER-related sCP and 53/68 (84%) as having non-GER-related sCP. The exercise-provoked chest pain during a stress test occurred in 13/111 (12%) subjects. In order to compare the clinical usefulness of 24-h esophageal function monitoring and its examination limited only to the treadmill stress test, the standard parameters of diagnostic test evaluation were determined. The occurrence of GER- related or non-GER-related sCP was assumed as a "gold standard". Afterwards, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. These parameters expressed a prediction of GER-related or non-GER-related sCP occurrence by the presence of chest pain, esophageal acidification and EPES

关键词： Chest pain Diagnosis Esophageal manometry Esophageal pH-metry Treadmill test

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Fluoride ions in groundwater of the Turkana County, Kenya, East Africa

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第6期40卷 945-960页

作者： piotr Rusiniak Klaudia Sekuła Ondra Sracek piotr Stopa Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Faculty of GeologyGeophysics and Environmental ProtectionAGH University of Science and TechnologyMickiewicza 30 Av30-059 KrakòwPoland Department of Geology Faculty of SciencePalacky University Olomouc17.listopadu 1277146 OlomoucCzech Republic

Groundwater samples were evaluated throughout Turkana County(Kenya,East Africa)while looking for drinking water *** samples showed high concentrations of fluoride with values in the range of 0.15–5.87 mg/*** 50%of the samples exceeded the WHO and Kenyan potable water standard guideline value of 1.5 mg/L for drinking water *** hydrogeochemical studies revealed that the dominant cation in water is Na^(+)and the dominant anion is HCO_(3)^(-)resulting in Na-HCO_(3) type of groundwater,followed by Ca/Mg-HCO_(3) or Na-SO_(4) and Na-Cl in a few *** modelling revealed that the groundwater is undersaturated with respect to gypsum and anhydrite,mostly undersaturated with respect to fluorite(6 samples are at equilibrium),and supersaturated or at equilibrium with respect to calcite(CaCO_(3)).Precipitation of calcite favours the dissolution of F-rich minerals in the alkaline ***,groundwater is enriched with sodium and bicarbonate,probably as a result of chemical weathering of *** groundwater can be presumably used for drinking purposes from 17 wells,but a detailed investigation of other trace element concentrations is necessary.

关键词： Africa Kenya Fluoride Groundwater Drinking water Speciation calculation

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Evolution Hemivariational Inequality with Hysteresis Operator in Higher Order Term

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第1期24卷 107-120页

作者： Leszek GASI■ski Jagiellonian University Institute of Computer Science

The authors study evolution hemivariational inequalities of semilinear type containing a hysteresis operator. For such problems we establish an existence result by reducing the order of the equation and then by the us... 详细信息

关键词： evolution hemivariational inequality Clarke subdifferential hysteresis operator timediscretization method

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Normal Forms of Modules over Admissible Algebras with Formal Two-ray Modules

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第6期23卷 1033-1052页

作者： Grzegorz BOBIski Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityChopina 12/1887-100 ToruPoland

The aim of the paper is to classify the indecomposable modules and describe the Auslander-Reiten sequences for the admissible algebras with formal two-ray modules.

关键词： domestic algebra vector space category Auslander-Reiten sequence

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Collagen Fibers in Crocodile skin and Teeth:A Morphological Comparison Using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 669-676页

作者： piotr Krzysztof Szewczyk Urszula Stachewicz Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science and International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science AGH University of Science and TechnologyKraków 30-059Al.Mickiewicza 30Poland

Collagen is one of the most versatile tissues of living organisms that comes in many shapes and sizes,providing functions ranging from tissue matrix through,ligament formation up to enabling mineralization in *** detailed light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)observations conducted in this study,allowed us to investigate morphology,sizes and crimp patterns of collagen fibers observed in crocodile skin and ***,the microscopy study revealed that although two completely different tissues were investigated,many similarities in their structure based on collagen fibers were *** type I is present in crocodile skin and teeth,showing the flexibility in naturally constructed tissues to obtain various *** crimp size investigation of collagen fibers confirmed experimentally the theoretical 67 nm D-periodicity expected for collagen type *** collagen in teeth provides a matrix for crystal growth and in the skin provides flexibility and is a precursor for corneous ***,these observations of the collagen in the skin and tooth structure in crocodiles play an important role in designing biomimetic materials with similar functions and properties.

关键词： crocodile skin collagen crimp fiber crocodile tooth SEM

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Ultra-long-working-distance spectroscopy of single nanostructures with aspherical solid immersion microlenses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1561-1571页

作者： Aleksander Bogucki Lukasz Zinkiewicz Magdalena Grzeszczyk Wojciech Pacuski Karol Nogajewski Tomasz Kazimierczuk Aleksander Rodek Jan Suffczynski Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi piotr Wasylczyk Marek Potemski piotr Kossacki Faculty of Physics University of Warsawul.Pasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland National Institute for Materials Science TsukubaIbaraki 305-0044Japan Laboratoire National des Champs Magnetiques Intenses CNRS-UJF-UPS-INSAavenue des Martyrs 2538042 GrenobleFrance

In light science and applications,equally important roles are played by efficient light emitters/detectors and by the optical elements responsible for light extraction and *** latter should be simple,cost effective,broadband,versatile and compatible with other components of widely desired micro-optical ***,they should also operate without high-numerical-aperture ***,we demonstrate that all these requirements can be met with elliptical microlenses 3D printed on top of light ***,the microlenses we propose readily form the collected light into an ultra-low divergence beam(half-angle divergence below 1°)perfectly suited for ultra-longworking-distance optical measurements(600mm with a 1-inch collection lens),which are not accessible to date with other spectroscopic *** microlenses can be fabricated on a wide variety of samples,including semiconductor quantum dots and fragile van der Waals heterostructures made of novel two-dimensional materials,such as monolayer and few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides.

关键词： versatile latter optics

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Carbon Xerogel-supported Iron as a Catalyst in Combustion Synthesis of Carbon Fibrous Nanostructures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第4期28卷 294-302页

作者： Wojciech Kiciński Joanna Lasota Institute of Chemistry Military University of Technology Kaliskiego 2 00-908 Warsaw Poland

The catalytically assisted self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of carbon fibrous nanostructures, where the iron-doped colloidal carbon xerogel is proposed as a catalyst system, was examined. The carbon xerogel was prepared through carbonization of an iron doped organic xerogel at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1050℃. The reaction between calcium carbide and hexachloroethane in the presence of sodium azide is exothermic enough to proceed at a high temperature, self-sustaining regime. The combustion reactions of those mixtures enriched with iron-doped carbon xerogels were conducted in a stainless steel reactor---calorimetric bomb under an initial pressure of 1 MPa of argon. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the combustion products revealed low yield of various type of carbon fibers （presumably nanotubes）, which grew via the tip-growth mechanism. The fibrous nanostructures were found in the vicinity of the spot of ignition, while in the outer and cooler area of the reactor, dusty products with soot-like morphology dominated. No significant correlation between the pyrolysis temperature of the carbon xerogel and the morphology of the obtained carbon fibrous nanostructures was observed.

关键词： Combustion synthesis Carbon xerogel Carbon fibrous nanostructures Carbonnanotubes Scanning electron microscopy

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Slow and fast light in quantum-well and quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers Invited Paper

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Chinese Optics Letters 2008年第10期6卷 736-742页

作者： piotr Konrad Kondratko Akira Matsudaira Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL61801USA

Slow and fast light in quantum-well （QW） and quantum-dot （QD） semiconductor optical amplifiers （SOAs） using nonlinear quantum optical effects are presented. We demonstrate electrical and optical controls of fast light using the coherent population oscillation （CPO） and four wave mixing （FWM） in the gain regime of QW SOAs. We then consider the dependence on the wavelength and modal gain of the pump in QW SOAs. To enhance the tunable photonic delay of a single QW SOA, we explore a serial cascade of multiple amplifiers. A model for the number of QW SOAs in series with variable optical attenuation is developed and matched to the experimental data. We demonstrate the scaling law and the bandwidth control by using the serial cascade of multiple QW SOAs. Experimentally, we achieve a phase change of 160^o and a scaling factor of four at 1 GHz using the cascade of four QW SOAs. Finally, we investigate CPO and FWM slow and fast light of QD SOAs. The experiment shows that the bandwidth of the time delay as a function of the modulation frequency changes in the absorption and gain regimes due to the carrier-lifetime variation. The tunable phase shift in QD SOA is compared between the ground- and first excited-state transitions with different modal gains.

关键词： SOA CPO Slow and fast light in quantum-well and quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers Invited Paper FWM well

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