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PVDF/SiC疏/亲水Janus复合膜的制备及其膜蒸馏处理酸性废水性能

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膜科学与技术 2024年第4期44卷 157-169页

作者：菅珂婕方民锋吴鑫李隽孙怡然饶品华李光辉上海工程技术大学化学化工学院环境与资源创新中心上海201620 上海工程技术大学石油和化工行业碳化硅陶瓷膜重点实验室上海201620 浙江膜通汇海科技发展有限公司湖州313000

着眼于采用直接接触式膜蒸馏(DCMD)技术对酸性废水进行处理和资源再利用,针对传统蒸馏膜机械稳定性不高、通量低等问题,使用刮涂法和非溶剂致相分离(NIPS)法在亲水碳化硅(SiC)微滤膜表面构建疏水聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)多孔薄层,制备得到具有... 详细信息

着眼于采用直接接触式膜蒸馏(DCMD)技术对酸性废水进行处理和资源再利用,针对传统蒸馏膜机械稳定性不高、通量低等问题,使用刮涂法和非溶剂致相分离(NIPS)法在亲水碳化硅(SiC)微滤膜表面构建疏水聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)多孔薄层,制备得到具有不对称润湿性的PVDF/SiC疏/亲水双层Janus复合膜,用于DCMD性能研究.使用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,水-乙醇体系为非溶剂凝固浴,探究了制膜过程中PVDF铸膜液浓度、凝固浴成分、凝固浴温度等因素对PVDF层表面形貌和浸润性的影响,研究了复合膜在DCMD浓缩稀硫酸和处理模拟酸性矿山废水中的性能.结果表明,铸膜液中质量分数10%PVDF和纯乙醇凝固浴为最佳制膜条件,所得复合膜水接触角达140°,分离层孔隙率为45%,平均孔径为0.6μm,并且PVDF层与SiC基体结合力强.复合膜在DCMD浓缩质量分数10%(107 g/L)稀硫酸溶液和处理模拟酸性矿山废水实验中水的膜通量均达10 L/(m^(2)·h)以上,对非水组分截留率近100%,并具有长期运行稳定性,表现出DCMD处理酸性废水的应用潜力.

关键词： Janus复合膜碳化硅微滤膜聚偏氟乙烯非溶剂致相分离直接接触式膜蒸馏酸性废水

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大黄蛰虫丸在肝脏疾病中的研究进展

中国中西医结合消化杂志 2021年第5期29卷 364-369页

作者：黄露刘旭东李品桦吴铁雄朱沪敏广西中医药大学研究生院南宁530001 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院肝病科

大黄蛰虫丸(Dahuang Zhechong pill, DZP)出自于张仲景所著的《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病脉症并治第六》[1]:"五劳虚极羸瘦,腹满不能饮食,食伤、忧伤、饮伤、房室伤、饥伤、劳伤、经络营卫气伤,内有干血,肌肤甲错,两目黯黑。缓中补虚,大黄... 详细信息

大黄蛰虫丸(Dahuang Zhechong pill, DZP)出自于张仲景所著的《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病脉症并治第六》[1]:"五劳虚极羸瘦,腹满不能饮食,食伤、忧伤、饮伤、房室伤、饥伤、劳伤、经络营卫气伤,内有干血,肌肤甲错,两目黯黑。缓中补虚,大黄蛰虫丸主之。"其具有活血破瘀、缓中补虚的作用,现代临床中常被广泛用于各类肝脏疾病的治疗,如肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌等瘀血内结患者,且其在心血管疾病、妇科、皮肤美容等方面均取得了较好的疗效[2]。

关键词：大黄蛰虫丸肝病实验研究临床应用研究进展

2018—2022年我国职业性放射性疾病诊断情况分析

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中华放射医学与防护杂志 2024年第4期44卷 286-291页

作者：李小亮张品华崔诗悦苏垠平范胜男刘建香孙全富中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室世界卫生组织辐射与健康合作中心北京100088

目的分析我国职业性放射性疾病近5年的诊断情况。方法根据全国放射卫生信息平台2022年度职业性放射性疾病监测数据和2018—2022年的诊断病例报告,对职业性放射性疾病诊断机构和诊断病例的分布进行描述性分析。结果截至2022年12月,我国... 详细信息

目的分析我国职业性放射性疾病近5年的诊断情况。方法根据全国放射卫生信息平台2022年度职业性放射性疾病监测数据和2018—2022年的诊断病例报告,对职业性放射性疾病诊断机构和诊断病例的分布进行描述性分析。结果截至2022年12月,我国共有职业性放射性疾病诊断机构95家。2018—2022年,各诊断机构共上报职业性放射性疾病76例(5年病例数分别为21、17、13、10和15),其中放射性肿瘤最高(43例,56.6%),其次是放射性白内障(17例,22.4%)和放射性皮肤病(9例,11.8%)。按照职业类别分,医学应用最高(57例,75.0%),其次为工业应用(9例,11.8%)和核燃料循环(6例,7.9%)。按照射类型分,以慢性照射为主(70例,92.1%),急性照射较低(6例,7.9%)。结论我国职业性放射性疾病诊断病例数呈下降趋势。

关键词：职业性放射性疾病放射工作人员监测职业病诊断

Study of aerosol characteristics and sources using MAX-DOAS measurement during haze at an urban site in the Fenwei Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 1-13页

作者： Xiaomei li pinhua Xie Ang li Jin Xu Hongmei Ren Bo Ren Yanyu li Jie li Key laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100029China

Atmospheric aerosols have effects on atmospheric radiation assessments,global climate change,local air quality and *** particular,aerosols are more likely transformed and accumulated in *** this paper,we used the Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)instrument to study the characteristics of aerosol type and contributions of PM_(2.5) chemical components to aerosol extinction(AE),vertical distribution of aerosols,and *** December 30,2018 to January 27,2019,we conducted MAX-DOAS observations on *** proportion of PM_(2.5) to PM10 was 69.48%-95.39%,indicating that the aerosol particles were mainly fine *** analyzing the ion data and modifying Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments(IMPROVE)method,we found that nitrate was the largest contributor to AE,accounting for 31.51%,28.98%,and 27.95%of AE on heavily polluted,polluted,and clean days,***4+,OC,and SO42-were also major contributors to *** near-surface aerosol extinction retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurement the PM_(2.5) and PM10 concentrations measured by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)have the same trend in vertical *** increased about 3 times from surface to 500 *** the backward trajectory of the air mass during the haze,we also found that the continuous heavy pollution was mainly caused by transport of polluted air from the northeast,then followed by local industrial emissions and other sources of emissions under continuous and steady weather conditions.

关键词： MAX-DOAS Aerosol optical depth(AOD) Aerosol extinction(AE) Haze PM_(2.5) IMPROVE

非酒精性脂肪性肝病肝纤维化进展与代谢因素的相关性研究

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中国中西医结合消化杂志 2021年第7期29卷 468-473页

作者：黄露刘旭东吴铁雄李品桦朱沪敏广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院肝病科南宁530011

目的:基于FibroTouch确定非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者肝脏硬度值(LSM),围绕BMI、血脂、空腹血糖、肾功能等代谢相关指标,分析NAFLD肝纤维化进展与代谢因素的相关性,为NAFLD肝纤维化进展继发代谢系统疾病提供早期预警。方法:选择2019... 详细信息

目的:基于FibroTouch确定非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者肝脏硬度值(LSM),围绕BMI、血脂、空腹血糖、肾功能等代谢相关指标,分析NAFLD肝纤维化进展与代谢因素的相关性,为NAFLD肝纤维化进展继发代谢系统疾病提供早期预警。方法:选择2019年4月-2020年12月经B超确诊的327例NAFLD患者,计算BMI、空腹血脂、空腹血糖、肾功能等代谢因素相关血清学指标,同时均行FibroTouch测量LSM值,根据LSM值对代谢因素指标进行比较及作相关性分析。结果:(1)据LSM值分为无肝纤维化组、轻微肝纤维化组、显著肝纤维化组,3组CHOL、TG、HDL、GLU、BMI与LSM值比较差异有统计学意义(P0),HDL、TG与LSM值呈负相关(r<0);(2)根据LSM值分为无肝纤维化组与肝纤维化组,2组BMI、GLU与LSM值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其系数分别为1.136、1.531;(3)根据LSM值分为进展期肝纤维化组与显著肝纤维化组,2组TG、BMI、GLU与LSM值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其系数为1.257、1.189、2.230;BMI、GLU与LSM值有明显相关性。结论:BMI、GLU与NAFLD的LSM值关系密切,NAFLD肝纤维化进展对BMI、GLU有一定影响;控制NAFLD患者肝纤维化进展,对于改善机体肥胖、糖类代谢异常有积极意义。

关键词：非酒精性脂肪性肝病代谢综合征 FibroTouch 肝纤维化肝脏硬度值

Lake regime shift from submerged macrophyte to phytoplankton affected phosphorus speciation in sediment and eutrophic state in Caohai Lake,Guizhou,China

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2023年第6期41卷 2262-2275页

作者： Jixing DONG Yanmin GUO pinhua XIA Yuanbin TIAN Feifei ZHENG Anyan li Tao liN Ruiwen li Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration BureauMinistry of Ecological EnvironmentWuhan 430010China

To understand the effect of regime shift in Caohai Lake in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,SW China from submerged macrophyte dominance to phytoplankton dominance on the specification and distribution of phosphorus and on ecological and environmental states,changes in phosphorus specification in the sediments and water were *** form,composition,and distribution of phosphorus in sediment were sampled in July 2020(before regime shift)and July 2021(after regime shift)were *** reveal that phosphorus content in sediment was lower than that those of Erhai Lake and Dianchi Lake,Yunnan,SW China,on the same plateau,and was lower than those of Taihu Lake,Chaohu Lake,and Poyang Lake in the middle-lower Changjiang(Yangtze)River *** phosphorus(Or-P)was the main form(up to 60%),followed by inactive phosphorus(Ina-P),and the active phosphorus(Act-P),the least,which is opposite to those of Taihu Lake and Poyang Lake in the middle-lower Changjiang River Plain in the eastern ***-P content was high,indicating a high potential risk of phosphorous *** the regime shift,the total phosphorus in sediment decreased from 0.87±0.13 to 0.70±0.13 g/*** proportion of Or-P and Act-P decreased from 68.23% to 65.32% and from 5.35% to 4.69%,*** contrast,the proportion of Ina-P increased from 26.42% to 29.99%.The Moran’s I index revealed that the heterogeneity of the spatial distributions of the total phosphorus(S-TP)and Act-P in the sediments before regime shift was significant(P0.05).The regime shift aggravated the eutrophication of the lake,the trophic level index(Tli)increased from 48.42 to 54.49(P<0.01),and the previously mesotrophic lake became a mildly eutrophic *** results of this study revealed the impact of regime shift in the lake from submerged macrophyte dominance to phytoplankton dominanc

关键词： Caohai Lake sediment phosphorus specification regime shift

Community structure and assembly of denitrifying bacteria in epiphytic biofilms in a freshwater lake ecosystem

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2022年第3期40卷 1039-1050页

作者： Guoqing li Dingbo YAN pinhua XIA Haipeng CAO Tao liN Yin YI Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of life Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China State Key Laboratory of Southwest Karst Mountain Biodiversity Conservation of Forestry and Grassland Administration Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China

Denitrifying bacteria are a crucial component of aquatic ecosystem in nitrogen ***,the denitrifying bacterial community dynamics and structure in epiphytic biofilms remain *** abundance of denitrification gene(nir)and structure of nirS-denitrifying bacterial community in the epiphytic biofilms collected in July and November of 2018 from a typical plateau lake(Caohai Wetland,Guizhou,China)were studied by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR)and highthroughput *** show that the gene abundance of nirK was higher than that of nirS(Pline period(November).The denitrifying bacterial species was similar in the two months and shared 76.18%of ***(56.55%±22.15%)was the dominant phylum in all the *** biofilms between growth period and decline period displayed significantly different microbial community structures due to differences in species *** temperature was the crucial factor that affected the denitrifying microbial community structure in our *** factors explain only partially the dynamic characteristics of denitrifying microbial communities,implying that the stochastic processes affected the construction of denitrifying microbial *** the null model analysis results show,dispersal limitation(stochastic)and undominated processes significantly influenced the assembly of denitrifying microbial *** study broadened our understanding of the denitrifying bacterial community structure and its function on epiphytic biofilms in freshwater ecosystems with new information provided.

关键词： denitrifying bacteria epiphytic biofilms community assembly null model

Temporal characteristics of algae-denitrifying bacteria co-occurrence patterns and denitrifier assembly in epiphytic biofilms on submerged macrophytes in Caohai Lake,SW China

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2023年第6期41卷 2276-2291页

作者： pinhua XIA Guoqing li Xianfei HUANG Lei SHI Xin DU Tao liN Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China

Denitrifying bacteria in epiphytic biofilms play a crucial role in nitrogen cycle in aquatic ***,little is known about the connection between algae and denitrifying bacteria and their assembly processes in epiphytic *** biofilms were collected from submerged macrophytes(Patamogeton lucens and Najas marina L.)in the Caohai Lake,Guizhou,SW China,from July to November 2020 to:(1)investigate the impact of abiotic and biotic variables on denitrifying bacterial communities;(2)investigate the temporal variation of the algae-denitrifying bacteria co-occurrence networks;and(3)determine the contribution of deterministic and stochastic processes to the formation of denitrifying bacterial *** and biotic factors influenced the variation in the denitrifying bacterial community,as shown in the Mantel *** co-occurrence network analysis unveiled intricate interactions among algae to denitrifying *** bacterial community co-occurrence network complexity(larger average degrees representing stronger network complexity)increased continuously from July to September and decreased in October before increasing in *** co-occurrence network complexity of the algae and nirS-encoding denitrifying bacteria tended to increase from July to *** co-occurrence network complexity of the algal and denitrifying bacterial communities was modified by ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and total phosphorus(TP),pH,and water temperature(WT),according to the ordinary least-squares(OLS)*** modified stochasticity ratio(MST)results reveal that deterministic selection dominated the assembly of denitrifying bacterial *** influence of environmental variables to denitrifying bacterial communities,as well as characteristics of algal-bacterial co-occurrence networks and the assembly process of denitrifying bacterial communities,were discovered in epiphytic biofilms in this *** findings could aid in the appropriate un

关键词： denitrifying bacteria epiphytic biofilms co-occurrence networks submerged macrophytes community assembly

Long-term observations of tropospheric NO_2, SO_2 and HCHO by MAX-DOAS in Yangtze River Delta area, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 207-221页

作者： Xin Tian pinhua Xie Jin Xu Ang li Yang Wang Min Qin Zhaokun Hu School of Environmental Science and Optoeclectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China. Key laboratory of Environmental Optical and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanies Chinese Academy of ScienceHefei 2:30031 China CAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz 55128 Germany

Yangtze River Delta （YRD） area is one of the important economic zones in China. However, this area faces increasing environmental problems. In this study, we use ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy （MAX-DOAS） network in Eastern China to retrieve variations of NO2, SO2, and formaldehyde （HCHO） in the YRD area. Three cities of YRD （Hefei, Nanjing, and Shanghai） were selected for long-term observations. This paper presents technical performance and characteristics of instruments, their distribution in YRD, and results of vertical column densities （VCDs） and profiles of NO2, SO2, and HCHO. Average diurnal variations of tropospheric NO2 and SO2 in different seasons over the three stations yielded minimum values at noon or in the early afternoon, whereas tropospheric HCHO reached the maximum during midday hours. Slight reduction of the pollutants in weekends occurred in all the three sites. In general trace gas concentrations gradually reduced from Shanghai to Hefei. Tropospheric VCDs of NO2, SO2, and HCHO were compared with those from Ozone Monitoring Instrument （OMI） satellite observations, resulting in R2 of 0.606, 0.5432, and 0.5566, respectively. According to analysis of regional transports of pollutants, pollution process happened in YRO under the north wind with the pollution dissipating in the southeast wind. The feature is significant in exploring transport of tropospheric trace gas pollution in YRD, and provides basis for satellite and model validation.

关键词： MAX-DOAS instrument column densities NO2 HCHO SO2 Yangtze River Delta area Pollution transport