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Toxicity of graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes against human cells and zebrafish

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第10期55卷 2209-2216页

作者： CHEN LiQiang hu pingping ZHANG Li huANG SiZhou LUO LingFei huANG ChengZhi Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China yannan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security Asian International Rivers CenterYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Life Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Graphene possesses unique physical and chemical properties, which have inspired a wide range of potential biomedical applications. However, little is known about the adverse effects of graphene on the human body and ecological environment. The purpose of our work is to make assessment on the toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) against human cell line (human bone marrow neuroblastoma cell line and human epithelial carcinoma cell line) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) by comparing the toxic effects of GO with its sister, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The results show that GO has a moderate toxicity to organisms since it can induce minor (about 20%) cell growth inhibition and slight hatching delay of zebrafish embryos at a dosage of 50 mg/L, but did not result in significant increase of apoptosis in embryo, while MWNTs exhibit acute toxicity leading to a strong inhibition of cell proliferation and serious morphological defects in developing embryos even at relatively low concentration of 25 mg/L. The distinctive toxicity of GO and MWNTs should be ascribed to the different models of interaction between nanomaterials and organisms, which arises from the different geometric structures of nanomaterials. Collectively, our work suggests that GO does actual toxicity to organisms posing potential environmental risks and the result is also shedding light on the geometrical structure-dependent toxicity of graphitic nanomaterials.

关键词： graphene oxide multi-walled carbon nanotubes toxicity cellular apoptosis zebrafish

Senome-scale analysis of demographic history and adaptive selection

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Protein & Cell 2014年第2期5卷 99-112页

作者： Qi Wu pingping Zheng Yibu hu Fuwen Wei Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

One of the main topics in population genetics is identi- fication of adaptive selection among populations. For this purpose, population history should be correctly inferred to evaluate the effect of random drift and exclude it in selection identification. With the rapid progress in genomics in the past decade, vast genome- scale variations are available for population genetic analysis, which however requires more sophisticated models to infer species＇ demographic history and robust methods to detect local adaptation. Here we aim to review what have been achieved in the fields of demographic modeling and selection detection. We summarize their rationales, implementations, and some classical applications. We also propose that some widely-used methods can be improved in both theoreti- cal and practical aspects in near future.

关键词： genomics demographic history Iocaadaptation natural selection

The substitution of SERCA2 redox cysteine 674 promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling by activating IRE1α/XBP1s pathway

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第5期12卷 2315-2329页

作者： Weimin Yu Gang Xu hui Chen Li Xiao Gang Liu pingping hu Siqi Li Vivi Kasim Chunyu Zeng Xiaoyong Tong School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Institute of Health Biological Chemical Medication Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region College of High Altitude Military MedicineArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine People’s Liberation ArmyChongqing 400038China Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration College of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003China Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Cardiology Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400042China

Pulmonary hypertension(PH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, in which hyperproliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs)plays an important role. The cysteine 674(C674) in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+)ATPase 2(SERCA2) is the critical redox regulatory cysteine to regulate SERCA2 activity. Heterozygous SERCA2 C674 S knock-in mice(SKI), where one copy of C674 was substituted by serine to represent partial C674 oxidative inactivation, developed significant pulmonary vascular remodeling resembling human PH, and their right ventricular systolic pressure modestly increased with age. In PASMCs, substitution of C674 activated inositol requiring enzyme 1 alpha(IRE1 a) and spliced X-box binding protein 1(XBP1 s) pathway, accelerated cell cycle and cell proliferation, which reversed by IRE1 a/XBP1 s pathway inhibitor 4μ8 C. In addition, suppressing the IRE1 a/XBP1 s pathway prevented pulmonary vascular remodeling caused by substitution of C674. Similar to SERCA2 a, SERCA2 b is also important to restrict the proliferation of PASMCs. Our study articulates the causal effect of C674 oxidative inactivation on the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH, emphasizing the importance of C674 in restricting PASMC proliferation to maintain pulmonary vascular homeostasis. Moreover, the IRE1 a/XBP1 s pathway and SERCA2 might be potential targets for PH therapy.

关键词： Pulmonary hypertension Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+)ATPase Pulmonary vascular remodeling Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell Endoplasmic reticulum stress Oxidative stress

Evolvable Internet Architecture (EIA)

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ZTE Communications 2010年第2期8卷 7-11页

作者： Bi Jun Lin pingping hu Hongyu Network Research Center of Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China

The end-to-end attribute of the Internet enables easy modification and deployment of applications running at the host. Competition among these applications promotes the development of the Internet. However, new protocols related to the core layer, and network routers and switches are often hard to successfully implement. This paper proposes an Evolvable Internet Architecture （EIA）. It suggests that new network architectures can be plugged into network equipment or into a host through interfaces provided by EIA for network experimentation or actual network deployment. Users can independently select network architectures, and use one or some of these architectures at the same time. The diversity provided by EIA will promote the evolution of the Internet.

关键词： Internet Architecture network provided development EIA running related promote new paper use

六安白鹭洲M566和M585的年代及相关问题

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江汉考古 2020年第4期 72-80页

作者：胡平平安徽大学历史系安徽合肥230601

本文通过随葬器物的详细对比,认为六安白鹭洲M566和M585的年代应属于战国晚期早段,墓主人为夫妻关系,属于下大夫阶层。两墓包含较多异质性的文化因素。

关键词：六安白鹭洲 M566和M585 战国晚期早段下大夫阶层

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试论陕东南地区东龙山文化

江汉考古 2018年第6期 76-87,104页

作者：胡平平吉林大学边疆考古研究中心吉林长春130012

本文通过对东龙山遗址及其他相关遗址地层关系及典型陶器形制的分析,将东龙山文化分为四期,年代在公元前1930～前1680年。在分期的基础上,通过陶器分群考察了东龙山文化的文化因素构成、渊源及与其他文化的关系。东龙山文化的发展经历... 详细信息

本文通过对东龙山遗址及其他相关遗址地层关系及典型陶器形制的分析,将东龙山文化分为四期,年代在公元前1930～前1680年。在分期的基础上,通过陶器分群考察了东龙山文化的文化因素构成、渊源及与其他文化的关系。东龙山文化的发展经历了形成期、发展期、衰落期三个阶段。其构成成分复杂,主体文化因素为齐家文化、后石家河文化及客省庄文化因素,齐家文化扮演更重要的角色。我们认为东龙山文化是东迁的齐家文化融合其他文化的基础上所形成的一支独立的考古学文化。

关键词：东龙山文化分期文化因素分析发展进程

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湖南地区楚、越文化融合过程研究

江汉考古 2022年第3期 80-89页

作者：胡平平安徽大学历史学院安徽合肥230601

本文在辨析几处典型墓地的年代、确立墓葬文化性质判定标准的基础上,以春秋早中期、春秋晚期至战国早期、战国中期、战国晚期四个阶段,分别对湘江下游、湘江中上游和资水下游三个地区楚、越文化融合过程进行了探讨,并总结出了三种融合... 详细信息

本文在辨析几处典型墓地的年代、确立墓葬文化性质判定标准的基础上,以春秋早中期、春秋晚期至战国早期、战国中期、战国晚期四个阶段,分别对湘江下游、湘江中上游和资水下游三个地区楚、越文化融合过程进行了探讨,并总结出了三种融合的模式,即“细水长流”型、“花开两朵”型和“取而代之”型,并简要解释了其成因。

关键词：湖南地区东周墓葬楚、越文化融合

不同剂量异甘草酸镁治疗ALT升高慢性肝病疗效的meta分析

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中华肝脏病杂志 2023年第8期31卷 835-841页

作者：胡平平朱传龙南京医科大学第一附属医院感染病科南京210029

目的:探讨不同剂量异甘草酸镁治疗丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)升高的慢性肝病的疗效和安全性。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed数据库文献,检索时间为数据库成立至2023年2月。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文... 详细信息

目的:探讨不同剂量异甘草酸镁治疗丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)升高的慢性肝病的疗效和安全性。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed数据库文献,检索时间为数据库成立至2023年2月。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件和Stata 15.0软件对ALT水平、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平、总胆红素(TBil)水平、总有效率、不良事件发生率进行分析。结果:最终纳入10篇文献,共包括1522例患者。所有纳入研究质量较好,偏倚风险较低。Meta分析结果显示,与100 mg/d异甘草酸镁注射液相比,200 mg/d异甘草酸镁注射液可显著降低患者的ALT[平均差(MD)=-30.73,95%可信区间(CI):-52.52~-8.94,Z=2.76,P=0.006;I^(2)=98%,P<0.001]、AST(MD=-34.30,95%CI:-57.78~-10.82,Z=2.86,P=0.004;I^(2)=99%,P<0.001)和TBil(MD=-15.37,95%CI:-27.66~-3.09),Z=2.45,P=0.01;I^(2)=98%,P<0.001)水平,差异均有统计学意义。7篇文献报道的总有效率,各研究间无异质性(I^(2)=0,P=0.98)。200 mg/d异甘草酸镁注射液的总有效率高于100 mg/d异甘草酸镁注射液(OR=3.49,95%CI:2.05~5.95,Z=4.59,P<0.001),且不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:200 mg/d异甘草酸镁注射液可更快、更有效地改善慢性肝病患者的ALT、AST和TBil水平,总有效率增加,安全性好。

关键词：慢性肝病治疗丙氨酸转氨酶荟萃分析不同剂量异甘草酸镁

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VR辅助口译教学效果及影响因素研究

外语电化教学 2023年第3期 86-92页

作者：胡萍萍夏蓉对外经济贸易大学北京市100029 温州商学院温州大学浙江省温州市325000

口译教学呼吁真实情境,近年来VR辅助口译教学逐渐兴起,但其有效性及影响因素尚有待实证探究。本研究基于虚拟仿真口译实训平台开展为期一学期的探索性教学实验,前后测结果显示VR辅助口译教学模式有效可行,学生对该教学模式认可度高。因... 详细信息

口译教学呼吁真实情境,近年来VR辅助口译教学逐渐兴起,但其有效性及影响因素尚有待实证探究。本研究基于虚拟仿真口译实训平台开展为期一学期的探索性教学实验,前后测结果显示VR辅助口译教学模式有效可行,学生对该教学模式认可度高。因子分析和相关性分析结果显示,学生在该教学模式中提升的效能和获得感与学生的口译表现呈显著中度正相关;该教学模式给学生带来的挑战和负面体验与口译表现呈显著中度负相关;而态度情感因子和教学评价因子则与口译表现呈现弱负相关。研究者基于探索性实验结果提出相关启示,供未来研究者和教学实践者参考。

关键词： VR辅助口译教学计算机辅助口译教学学生评价影响因素