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Automated Separation of Stars and Normal Galaxies Based on Statistical Mixture Modeling with RBF Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2003年第3期3卷 277-286页

作者： Dong-MeiQin pingguo Yong-HengZhao NationalLaboratoryofPatternRecognitionLaboratory InstituteofAutomationChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100080 DepartmentofComputerSciences BeijingNormalUniversityBeijing100875 NationaloAstronomicalObservatories ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100012

For LAMOST, the largest sky survey program in China, the solution of the problem of automatic discrimination of stars from galaxies by spectra has shown that the results of the PSF test can be significantly refined. However, the problem is made worse when the redshifts of galaxies are not available. We present a new automatic method of star/(normal) galaxy separation, which is based on Statistical Mixture Modeling with Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (SMM-RBFNN). This work is a continuation of our previous one, where active and non-active celestial objects were successfully segregated. By combining the method in this paper and the previous one, stars can now be effectively separated from galaxies and AGNs by their spectra-a major goal of LAMOST, and an indispensable step in any automatic spectrum classification system. In our work, the training set includes standard stellar spectra from Jacoby's spectrum library and simulated galaxy spectra of EO, SO, Sa, Sb types with redshift ranging from 0 to 1.2, and the test set of stellar spectra from Pickles' atlas and SDSS spectra of normal galaxies with SNR of 13. Experiments show that our SMM-RBFNN is more efficient in both the training and testing stages than the BPNN (back propagation neural networks), and more importantly, it can achieve a good classification accuracy of 99.22% and 96.52%, respectively for stars and normal galaxies.

关键词： methods: data analysis - techniques: spectroscopic - stars: general - galaxies: stellar content

Marginal land bioethanol production of sweet sorghum based on limited water resources in Northwest China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 132-138页

作者： Xinjie Shi Taisheng Du pingguo Dong Tiemin Hu Center for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuwei 733000GansuChina

Sweet sorghum is considered a leading non-grain candidate for bioethanol production due to its low input requirement,good tolerance,high biomass potential,and high sugar ***,insufficient studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of sweet sorghum-based bioethanol production potential considering the water resources *** presented a multi-factor analysis method not only considering terrain,meteorology,soil,and crop natural growth habits but also considering the local water resource to explore the available marginal land suitable for sweet sorghum cultivation and assess the bioethanol production potential in Northwest *** results showed that 4.63×10^(7)hm^(2)available marginal land was suitable for sweet sorghum *** the constraint of local water resources,2.76×10^(6)hm^(2)available marginal land was suitable for sweet sorghum planting,accounting for 4.7%of the total available marginal *** 1.23×10^(10)L bioethanol could be produced on ***,for these districts under low water stress levels,9.79×10^(5)hm^(2)available marginal land in Gannan Tibet AP and Longnan of Gansu and Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia was considered a priority to develop sweet sorghum-based bioethanol,and 5.56×10^(9)L bioethanol could be produced in these districts,which can satisfy the 1.54%biofuel goal for 2050 of China.

关键词： bioethanol potential marginal land sweet sorghum regional water stress levels water resources limitation

Expression of ECRG4,a novel esophageal cancer-related gene,downregulated by CpG island hypermethylation in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第6期9卷 1174-1178页

作者： Shih-HsinLu Chun-MeiYue Da-JunDeng Mei-XiaBi Li-pingguo DepartmentofEtiologyandCarcinogenesis CancerInstitutePekingUnionMedicalCollegeandChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesBeijing100021China BeijingInstituteforCancerResearch SchoolofOncologyPekingUniversityBeijing100034China

AIM: To study the mechanisms responsible for inactivation of a novel esophageal cancer related gene 4 (ECRG4) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODS: A pair of primers was designed to amplify a 220 bp fragment, which contains 16 CpG sites in the core promoter region of the ECRG 4 gene. PCR products of bisulfite-modified CpG islands were analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), which were confirmed by DNA sequencing. The methylation status of ECRG 4 promoter in 20 cases of esophageal cancer and the adjacent normal tissues, 5 human tumor cell lines (esophageal cancer cell line-NEC, EC109, EC9706; gastric cancer cell line- GLC; human embryo kidney cell line-Hek293)and 2 normal esophagus tissues were detected. The expression level of the ECRG 4 gene in these samples was examined by RT-PCR.RESULTS: The expression level of ECRG 4 gene was *** 20 esophageal cancer tissues, nine were unexpressed,six were lowly expressed and five were highly expressed compared with the adjacent tissues and the 2 normal esophageal epithelia. In addition, 4 out of the 5 human cell lines were also unexpressed. A high frequency of methylation was revealed in 12 (8 unexpressed and 4 lowly expressed)of the 15 (80%) downregulated cancer tissues and 3 of the 4 unexpressed cell lines. No methylation peak was observed in the two highly expressed normal esophageal epithelia and the methylation frequency was low (3/20) among the 20 cases in the highly expressed adjacent tissues. The methylation status of the samples was consistent with the result of DNA sequencing.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the inactivation of ECRG 4gene by hypermethylation is a frequent molecular event in ESCC and may be involved in the carcinogenesis of this cancer.

关键词：食管癌鳞癌 ECRG4 基因表达肿瘤病因学

Effectiveness of escape vent shape in crab pots for releasing swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in the East China sea

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第3期8卷 332-340页

作者： Jian Zhang Xiaofei Shi pingguo He Jiangao Shi College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts DartmouthNew BedfordMA02744USA East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai200090China

To stop the decline of swimming crab(Portunus trituberculatus)stocks in the East China Sea,escape vents on crab pots are urgently required to improve pot selectivity and enable release of sublegal-sized *** study presents field comparative fishing experiments,which examined the effectiveness of different shapes and sizes of escape vents in crab pots for the release of swimming *** sizes each of rectangular,elliptic,and circular escape vents were *** results of comparative fishing experiments indicated that experimental pots with escape vents,regardless of their configuration,caught significantly fewer sublegal-sized crabs(<49 mm carapace length,or<116 mm carapace width)than unmodified control *** legal-sized swimming crabs were also less caught,analysis of size selectivity showed that rectangular vents produced steeper selectivity curves than elliptic and circular escape *** indicates that rectangular vents may be more suitable and controllable when escape vents will become a requirement and their use will be enforced in *** observations were conducted using GoPro cameras and LED lights during the first 2.5 h of the deployments(which usually lasted between 5 and 12 h).Video recordings of experimental pots equipped with rectangular or elliptic escape vents showed that swimming crabs trapped in the pots could detect the vents,and readily approached and passed through ***,no significant difference was detected in the response behavior of swimming crabs between rectangular and elliptic vent pots when quantitative indicators,derived from video recordings,were *** effect of different vent shapes on the escape behavior of swimming crab gradually manifested as an increased soak time and by the onset of the escape of larger *** underwater observations should thus last the entire duration of pot soaking to study how crabs escape from the pots.

关键词： Crab pots Portunus trituberculatus Escape vents Vent shape Size selection Underwater observation

Release of unwanted flat-bodied fish from a horizontal-bar grid system as revealed through comparative fishing trials and underwater video observations

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 348-358页

作者： Christopher B.Rillahan pingguo He School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth836 South Rodney French BoulevardNew BedfordMA02744USA

Grid systems separate fish species primarily through physical means:fish size and body *** Georges Bank off the northeast USA,many species of flounders are overfished,and their catch needs to be ***-bodied skates are also often *** tested a European style horizontal-bar grid system to reduce these flat-bodied low quota species in a trawl targeting the haddock(Melanogrammus aeglefinus),whose population is *** grid system consisted of 4 grid sections,two on each side,with horizontal bars 70 mm *** alternating tow method was used to compare the catch characteristics between a trawl with a grid section and the same trawl without a grid section.A video camera was used to observe fish escape in the grid *** results indicate that the grid system reduced the flounder catch rate(mainly winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus)by 51.3%,and skates(mainly winter skate,Leucoraja ocellata and little skate,Leucoraja erinacea)by 29.4%,while there were no differences in the catch of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua).While haddock was reduced by 37%by weight,the reduction was primarily small undersized *** was no reduction in large haddock greater than 50 *** observations indicates that flounders and cod mainly escaped from the bottom half of the grid while haddock were from the top *** finding suggest that this system reduced low quota flounders,as well as discarded skates and small haddock,while retaining Atlantic cod and large size *** observations indicate that differential spacing(narrower on the top and wider on the bottom)may improve the system performance by releasing more flat-bodied fish,that were observed to escape from the bottom part of the grid,while retaining more haddock,which typically escape from the top part of the grid.

关键词： Trawl Bycatch Selectivity Flounder Skate Haddock Atlantic cod

Effect of escape vents on retention and size selectivity of crab pots for swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in the East China Sea

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 340-347页

作者： Jian Zhang Zhanwen Pei pingguo He Jiangao Shi College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts DartmouthNew BedfordMA02747-2300USA East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai200090China

An increase in the crab pot fishery in the East China Sea has caused great pressure on swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus ***,it is essential to implement suitable measures to release sublegal-sized crabs to increase the number of recruits for legal-sized *** of the measures considered is the installation of escape vents on crab *** tested crab pots with one and two escape vents and compared the catchability and size selectivity of these pots with control pots without an escape *** with one escape vent located on single side of the pot,top or bottom(SS),and another on both sides at top and bottom edges(BS)were tested in sea trial experiments following typical commercial fishing *** results show that both SS pots and BS pots caught significantly smaller number of sublegal-sized crabs(<116 mm carapace width,CW),but the difference in catch between the two types of crab pots is not *** 50%selective CWs(CW_(50))and the selective ranges(SRs)of both BS pots are slightly larger than those of SS ***,95%confidence intervals of CW_(50)s and SRs are overlapped,indicating that the discrepancy between them is ***,in a mixed effect model,the effect of locations of escape vents,taken as the fixed effect,on selectivity parameters and indexes was analyzed by hypothesis *** results show that null hypothesis of no effect of location of vents on size selectivity cannot be rejected,indicating that there is no significant difference in size selectivity between the two types of pots for ***.

关键词： Crab pots Portunus trituberculatus Escape vents Retention Size selection Location

Responsible fishing operations for clean oceans,healthy ecosystems and sustainable fisheries

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 337-339页

作者： pingguo He Liming Song School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts DartmouthNew BedfordMA02744USA College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China

This special issue contains selected papers presented at the ICES-FAO Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behavior mini-symposium on“Responsible Fishing Technology for Healthy Ecosystems and Clean Environment”held in Shanghai,China between 8 and 12 April *** symposium was co-sponsored by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),International Council for the Exploration of the Seas(ICES)and Shanghai Ocean University,*** meeting was chaired by pingguo He(USA),Haraldur Einarsson(Iceland)and Liming Song(China).The special issue was edited by the following guest editors:pingguo He(managing guest editor),Haraldur Einarsson,Liming Song,and Michael Pol,with the assistance of a number of anonymous reviewers.

关键词： Responsible fishing operation Fishing impact mitigation Sustainable fisheries

QoE Assessment of Will Transmission Using Vision and Haptics in Networked Virtual Environment

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2014年第8期7卷 265-278页

作者： pingguo Huang Yutaka Ishibashi Department of Management Science Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan Department of Scientific and Engineering Simulation Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

In this paper, we handle collaborative work in which two users move an object together to eliminate a target in a 3-D virtual space. In the work, the users transmit their wills about movement direction of the object to each other by only haptics and by haptics and vision (including with/ without drawing an arrow to indicate the direction of force applied to the object by the other user). We carry out QoE (Quality of Experience) assessment subjectively and objectively to investigate the influence of network delay on will transmission. As a result, we clarify the effects of vision on the transmissibility of haptic will transmission.

关键词： Networked Virtual Environment Vision Haptics Will Transmission Network Delay QoE

Value of Non-tumoral Liver Volume in the Prognosis of Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After R0 Resection

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 560-571页

作者： Dongliang Zuo Yuntong Li Hongzhi Liu Dongxu Liu Qinliang Fang Pengtao Li Liang Tu Yu Xiong Yongyi Zeng pingguo Liu Department of Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Mengchao Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu ChengduSichuanChina

Background and Aims:Hepatectomy is an effective treatment for selected patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study aimed to develop a nomogram in-corporating non-tumoral liver volume(non-TLV)and liver function markers to predict the patients’overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS).Methods:Data of 198 consecutive large HCC patients who underwent hepa-tectomy at the Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University were *** 68 patients from the Mengchao Hepatobil-iary Surgery Hospital served as an external validation *** nomograms were developed based on the independent prognostic factors screened by multivariate Cox regression *** index(C-index),calibration curves,and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to measure the discrimination and predic-tive accuracy of the ***:High HBV DNA level,low non-TLV/ICG,vascular invasion,and a poorly differenti-ated tumor were confirmed as independent risk factors for both OS and *** model established in this study pre-dicted 5-year post-operative survival and DFS in good agree-ment with the actual observation confirmed by the calibra-tion *** C-indexes of the nomograms in predicting OS and DFS were 0.812 and 0.823 in the training cohort,0.821 and 0.846 in the internal validation cohort,and 0.724 and 0.755 in the external validation *** areas under the ROC curves(AUCs)of nomograms for predicted OS and DFS at 1,3,and 5 year were 0.85,0.86,0.83 and 0.76,0.76,0.63,***:Nomograms with non-TLV/ICG predicted the prognosis of single large HCC patients ac-curately and effectively.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatectomy Prognosis Nomogram