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Origin of a giant fuzzy reflection zone and its implication for natural gas exploration in the southwestern Qiongdongnan Basin of the South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 710-728页

作者： Junhui YU pin yan yanlin WANG yan QIU Guanghong TU Changliang CHEN Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 511458China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The southwestern depression of the Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB)hosts thick Cenozoic sediments and awaits major hydrocarbon *** seismic(MCS)profile CFT2011 across the southwestern QDNB reveals a~60-km-wide fuzzy reflection zone(FRZ)within the sediments,but its origin and distribution remain *** ocean bottom seismometer(OBS)data of Line CFT2011 are processed with focus on the velocity structures by traveltime tomography inversion and analyzed together with the coincident and adjacent MCS *** OBS velocity results show that the giant FRZ features lower velocity with difference up to 1.5 km/s and smaller vertical velocity gradient than the surrounding sedimentary sequences at the same depth,likely resulting from enhanced fluid *** MCS profile exhibits that the giant FRZ is about 3-9-km thick and extends from the Paleogene strata rich in organic matters upward to the lower Pleistocene *** the shallow overlying sediments,multiple bright spots with reverse polarity are imaged and their reflection amplitudes increase with offset,consistent with the features of gas-charged *** are probably shallow gas reservoirs with gases sourced from the deep ***,the FRZ is proposed to be a giant gas-charged zone,which probably contains lots of hydrocarbon gases migrated vertically from the deep Paleogene source rocks through the boundary faults of the depressions and the minor fractures generated under *** FRZ is also imaged on the adjacent MCS profiles MCS-L1 and MCS-L2 with the width of about 40 km and 68 km,*** is roughly estimated to cover an area of~1900 km2 and host a volume of~11400 km3 assuming an average thickness of 6 km,implying huge natural gas potential in the sedimentary depression of the southwestern QDNB of the South China Sea.

关键词： southwestern Qiongdongnan Basin fuzzy reflection zone low velocity gas charging natural gas potential

An Anomalous Seamount on the Southwestern Mid-Ridge of the South China Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第6期91卷 2340-2341页

作者： WANG yanlin WANG Jun yan pin QIU yan CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyCAS Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey

Objective The development of continental rifting and seafloor spreading can be predominated by magmatic upwelling （magma-rich） or tectonic stretching （magma-poor）. Located in the terminal portion of propagating seafloor spreading of the South China Sea （SCS）, the southwestern mid-ridge of the southwest sub-basin （SWSB） of the SCS was found with much thin crust and numerous faulted blocks coupling with magma-poor continental margins along its flanks. Therefore, the southwestern part of the SWSB is most likely to be a tectonic-dominated basin. To justify the hypothesis with further evidence, we investigated the nature of seamounts on the southwestern mid-ridge of the SWSB which may inherit seafloor spreading.

关键词： Southwestern Mid-Ridge the South China Sea

Existence of Qiongnan suture zone on the north margin of South China Sea

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第B12期51卷 107-120页

作者： LIU Hailing yan pin LIU Yingchun DENG Hui Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology and Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 501301 China Sinopec International Petroleum Exploration & Production Corporation Beijing 100083 China

This paper aims to explore whether paleo-suture zone exists in the pre-Cenozoic basement of South China Sea (SCS). By taking advantage of integrated geophysical surveying data, including multi-channel reflection seismicity, oceanic bottom seismicity, gravity and magnetic data as well as paleomagnetism and drilling information, a comprehensive analysis on sedimentary stratigraphy, seismic stratigraphy, magmatic and metamorphic petrology, geochemistry, gravity study, magnetics, paleogeomagnetics as well as geotectonics was carried out, and the results clearly indicate that a pre-Cenozoic suture zone, i.e. “Qiongnan (south Hainan Island) suture zone”, does exist on the north margin of SCS. This suture zone starts in the west from the Jiusuo-Lingshui fault zone in the south of Hainan Island, extends eastward across the continental slope to the north of SCS, and links with Shoufeng fault in Taiwan. It is inferred that the Qiongnan suture zone was sutured approximately in Indosinian (Triassic) Epoch and is actually the vestige of “Qiongnan ocean basin”, the extension of the main paleo-Tethys ocean basin in SCS. The formation of Qiongnan suture zone marked the collision-accretion of the Qiongnan Block toward the Qiongzhong Block. The Qiongnan suture zone is linked to the west with the southward extension of the principal suture zone of the Paleo-Tethys at Bitu-Changning-Menglian-Bentong-Raub, across the southern segment of the Red River-East Vietnam-Wanna strike-slip fault zone, and connected to the east with the suture zone emplaced into the south margin of the Oki-Hida Pre-Jurassic terranes in southwest Japan, across the northerni2 e segment of the Manila trench fault zone in the northeast side of Taiwan Island. The discovery of this suture zone is believed to be potentially significant toward study of the pre-Cenozoic geotectonic pattern of SCS, the temporal and spatial distribution of the east paleo-Tethys structural domain in SCS and the relationship of recombination

关键词：海南岛琼南缝合带南海北缘琼南海盆琼南板块地质构造古特提斯

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石墨烯-硼烯共面异质结结构和性质计算研究

原子与分子物理学报 2025年第1期42卷 75-80页

作者：刘会彬刘品妍陈思雨李昕玥张震张孟华东理工大学上海200237

采用密度泛函理论系统研究了石墨烯和χ_(3)硼烯构造共面异质结的可行性、结构和性质.通过对体系能量的计算,找到了稳定的石墨烯-χ_(3)硼烯共面二维异质结体系,并对构造方式、电学和光学性质进行了详细地分析与讨论.研究发现异质结体... 详细信息

采用密度泛函理论系统研究了石墨烯和χ_(3)硼烯构造共面异质结的可行性、结构和性质.通过对体系能量的计算,找到了稳定的石墨烯-χ_(3)硼烯共面二维异质结体系,并对构造方式、电学和光学性质进行了详细地分析与讨论.研究发现异质结体系界面处以碳六元环和硼五元环头对头相连接.对电荷转移和态密度分析得出石墨烯与硼烯之间形成稳定共价键.该体系具有零带隙和金属性的性质,且可见光波段吸收性能优异,具有潜在应用价值.

关键词：硼烯石墨烯异质结密度泛函理论

Detection of a mud volcano in the Weitan Banks area of the northern South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第5期42卷 1450-1469页

作者： Wei LUO pin yan yanlin WANG Junhui YU Qionghua WAN Zhenbo ZHANG Tao XUE Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China CNOOC International Energy Services(Beijing)Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Oilfield Engineering Research Institute of Geophysics CNOOC Energy Technology and ServicesZhanjiang 524057China

Situated between the petroliferous Cenozoic Zhujiang(Pearl)River Mouth Basin and the mud volcano-rich Mesozoic Dongsha Basin in the middle sector of the northern South China Sea,the Weitan Banks area has been previously mapped as a basement high that is composed of Mesozoic magmatic *** this study,we present several favorable indicators for petroleum geology that were detected from geophysical profiling and benthic sampling in the area.A conspicuous hill was discovered,named“Zhongwei Hill”,~80 m high above the~340 m deep seafloor and~1 km broad,in a depression with more than 7 km thick sedimentary *** Zhongwei Hill was seismically imaged with a mushroom-shaped structure and containing a cake-like crown,fluid flow pipes,and an~10 km broad anticline at ***,the hill represents a source-plumbing-eruption *** gas zones linked to deep fracture were found at or near the *** correlation indicates that the deep strata comprise the Jurassic and Paleogene strata,the major hosts of hydrocarbon source *** addition to the hill,there are number of mounds from which three bottom water samples were collected and the samples are rich in dissolved methane with concentrations high up to~900 nmol/L,much higher than the background level(0.5–2 nmol/L).The benthic samples are rich in coarse sediment clastics,authigenic carbonate nodules,and deep-water habitats likely feeding on methanotrophic *** these observations and the context,we propose that the Zhongwei Hill represents a mud volcano,likely thermally driven,that seeps methane from Jurassic and Paleogene source layers,thus poses a favorable clue for significant hydrocarbon generation capacity in transitional zone of the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin and the Dongsha Basin.

关键词： South China Sea Zhongwei Hill deep-level anticline mud volcano Mesozoic source layer hydrocarbon generation

Discovery of pockmarks in the Zengmu Basin,southern South China Sea and the implication

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 757-768页

作者： yanlin WANG Guanghong TU Junhui YU pin yan Yongbin JIN Changliang CHEN Jie LIU Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 511458China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The Zengmu Basin located in the shallow water area of the southern South China Sea,is rich in oil and gas resources,within which faults and mud-diapir are developed,but it is unknown whether oil and gas migrate to the seafloor *** newly collected multibeam data across the Zengmu Basin reveal a large number of depressions,with depths of 2-4 m,widths of several tens of meters,large distribution range of 1.8-8 km along survey line,up to~50 km,and their backscatter intensity(-26 dB)is much greater than that of the surrounding area(-38 dB).Combined with the developed mud-diapir and fracture structures,and abundant oil and gas resources within this basin,these depressions are presumed to be ***,more than 110 mono-sized small circular pockmarks,with a depth of less than 1 m and a width of 5 m,are observed in an area of less than 0.03 km2,which are not obliterated by sediment infilling with high sedimentation rate,implying an existence of unit-pockmarks that are or recently were *** addition,seismic profiles across the Zengmu Basin show characterization of upward migration of hydrocarbons,expressed as mud-diapir structures,bright spots in the shallow formation with characteristics of“low frequency increase and high frequency attenuation”.The subbottom profiles show the mud-diapir structures,as well as the gas-bearing blank zones beneath the *** features suggest large gas leaking and occurrence of large amounts of carbonate nodules on the *** indicates the complex and variable substrate type in the Zengmu Basin,while the area was once thought to be mainly silty sand and find *** is the first report on the discovery of pockmarks in the Zengmu Basin;it will provide basic information for submarine stability and marine engineering in China’s maritime boundaries.

关键词： South China Sea Zengmu Basin dense pockmarks gas leaking substrate type

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of deformation behavior of a Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications

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Rare Metals 2021年第3期40卷 600-606页

作者： Shun Guo Rui-Tang Wu Yu-Lu Shi yan-pin Hou Wen Ma Guang-Lei Liu Hai-Xia Liu Xiao-Nong Cheng School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Youke Publishing Co. Ltd.GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China

The deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications within a large macroscopic strain range was investigated by tensile loading-unloading test and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction(SXRD).Experimental results show that during loading,the Nb/NiTi composite experiences the elastic elongation of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19’-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,B2→ B19’ stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation and tensile plastic deformation of β-Nb *** unloading,the deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite includes the elastic recovery of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19’-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,reverse phase transformation B19’→B2 and compressive deformation of p-Nb *** martensitic transformation in this composite is almost reversible and occurs in a localized *** results might contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the deformation mechanism involved in Nb/NiTi composite and shed some light on design and development of novel composites with a combination of good biocompatibility and excellent superelasticity for biomedical applications.

关键词： Nb/NiTi composite Deformation behavior Superelasticity Localized martensitic transformation

Substrate damage and recovery after giant clam shell mining at remote coral reefs in the southern South China Sea

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第11期31卷 1655-1674页

作者： ZHOU Shengnan SHI Qi yanG Hongqiang ZHANG Xiyang LIU Xiaoju TAN Fei yan pin Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyCASGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Nansha Marine Ecological and Environmental Research Station CASSansha 573199HainanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Giant clam shell mining(GCSM),a unique phenomenon occurring at remote coral reefs in the southern South China Sea(SCS),forms striking scars on the reef flats and damages the reef flat *** image analyses at three times(2004.02.02,2014.02.26,and 2019.04.10)and in situ surveys at Ximen Reef,a representative site that has experienced GCSM,we quantified the GCSM-generated substrate damage and the corresponding *** was estimated to have occurred sometime between 2012 and 2014,causing reduction in live coral subarea and formation of micro-relief as trenches and ***-generated damage was restricted to the reef *** GCSM,coral and algae subarea increased,and the trenches and mounds tended to be filled and eroded,representing a natural recovery of the *** legal prohibition on human disturbances at the coral reefs contributed to substrate recovery at Ximen *** case also implied that recovery of the other coral reefs that suffered from GCSM is possible.

关键词： giant clam shell mining substrate components micro-relief reef flat South China Sea

深地震探测的分辨率分析--以南海北部OBS数据为例

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地球物理学报 2009年第9期52卷 2282-2290页

作者：王彦林阎贫中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室中国科学院南海海洋研究所广州510301 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

多次深地震探测结果表明南海北部陆缘地壳结构在走向和倾向上都有明显的变化.在一些相隔很近的测线上,探测的深部地壳结构却相差较大,为了分析这些探测结果中差异的原因和地壳结构变化的可靠性,本文以东沙东侧海域测线和东沙西侧海域测... 详细信息

多次深地震探测结果表明南海北部陆缘地壳结构在走向和倾向上都有明显的变化.在一些相隔很近的测线上,探测的深部地壳结构却相差较大,为了分析这些探测结果中差异的原因和地壳结构变化的可靠性,本文以东沙东侧海域测线和东沙西侧海域测线为例,对采集的海底地震仪记录进行了时间、位置校正和初至波走时拾取,利用有限差分地震走时层析成像进行了走时反演,获得所在剖面的地壳速度结构,并分析了模型的横向分辨率,剔除模型中短波长的横向速度变化.分辨率检测结果表明,模型的横向分辨率随着深度快速下降,0-8 km深度范围可以分辨10 km的横向变化,8-17 km的范围能够分辨10-40 km,而17-33 km的范围只能分辨40-80 km.因此,折射波的横向分辨能力不高,在地壳深部难以分辨较小的横向速度变化,前人探测的南海北部6 km宽、延伸至莫霍面的滨外断裂带并不能清晰的识别.

关键词：南海北部深部地壳结构海底地震仪层析成像横向分辨率