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Simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification in fluidized bed reactors using pyrite and elemental sulfur as electron donors

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 143-153页

作者： Maria F.Carboni Sonia Arriaga piet n.l.lens national University of Ireland Galway H91 TK33 GalwayIreland Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica 78216 San Luis PotosíMexico

In this study, simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification (SnAD) with either elemental sulfur or pyrite were investigated in fluidized bed reactors in mesophilic conditions. The reactor performance was evaluated at different ammonium (12-40 mg/l of nH4+-n), nitrate (35-45 mg/l of nO3--n), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.1-1.5 mg/l) concentrations, with a hydraulic retention time of 12 h. The pyrite reactor supported the SnAD process with a maximum nitrogen removal efficiency of 139.5 mg/(l·d) when the DO concentration was in the range of 0.8-1.5 mg/l. This range, however, limited the denitrification efficiency of the reactor, which decreased from 90.0% ± 5.3% in phases II-V to 67.9% ± 7.2% in phases VI and VII. Sulfate precipitated as iron sulfate (FeSO4/Fe2(SO4)3) and sodium sulfate (na2SO4) minerals during the experiment. The sulfur reactor did not respond well to nitrification with a low and unstable ammonium removal efficiency, while denitrification occurred with a nitrate removal efficiency of 97.8%. In the pyrite system, the nitrifying bacterium nitrosomonas sp. was present, and its relative abundance increased from 0.1% to 1.1%, while the autotrophic denitrifying genera Terrimonas, Ferruginibacter, and Denitratimonas dominated the community. Thiobacillus, Sulfurovum, and Trichlorobacter were the most abundant genera in the sulfur reactor during the entire experiment.

关键词： Pyrite Elemental sulfur Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification nitrogen removal 16S rRnA

Unifying concepts in methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox sludge granulation

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 17-30页

作者： Simon Mills Anna Christine Trego Marco Prevedello Jo De Vrieze Vincent O’Flaherty piet n.l.lens Gavin Collins Microbial Communities laboratory School of Biological and Chemical SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Microbial Ecology laboratory School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology(CMET) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GentBelgium University of Galway University RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

The retention of dense and well-functioning microbial biomass is crucial for effective pollutant removal in several biological wastewater treatment *** solids retention is often achieved through aggregation of microbial communities into dense,spherical aggregates known as granules,which were initially discovered in the *** granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digesters for waste-to-energy ***,granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)*** mechanisms underpinning the formation of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granules are the subject of ongoing *** each granule type has been extensively studied in isolation,there has been a lack of comparative studies among these granulation *** is likely that there are some unifying concepts that are shared by all three sludge *** these unifying concepts could allow a unified theory of granulation to be ***,we review the granulation mechanisms of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granular sludge,highlighting several common concepts,such as the role of extracellular polymeric substances,cations,and operational parameters like upflow velocity and shear *** have then identified some unique features of each granule type,such as different internal structures,microbial compositions,and quorum sensing ***,we propose that future research should prioritize aspects of microbial ecology,such as community assembly or interspecies interactions in individual granules during their formation and growth.

关键词： Granule Granulation Anaerobic digestion Anammox Aerobic granule

Distribution and fate of metals in the Montenegrin part of lake Skadar

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第3期29卷 357-367页

作者： Mirjana VEMIC Diederik ROUSSEAU Gijs DU lAInG piet lens UnESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education Department of Environmental ResourcesP.O.Box 30152601 DADelftThe Netherlands University College West Flanders EnBiChem research groupGraaf Karel de Goedelaan 58500 KortrijkBelgium 3. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied EcochemistryGhent UniversityFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringCoupure Links 653B-9000 GhentBelgium 4. UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water EducationDepartment of Environmental ResourcesP.O.Box 30152601 DA DelftThe Netherlands

Skadar lake,the largest lake on the Balkan Peninsula,is famous for a wide range of endemic and rare,or even endangered plant and animal *** anthropogenic pressures have,however,influenced the fragile equilibria of the lake ecosystem,with metal pollution as one of the primary ***,this study investigated spatial distribution of metal pollutants in the water and sediment phase of Skadar lake,and anthropogenic and environmental factors affecting this distribution.A sieving analysis showed that sediment in Skadar lake is mainly distributed in the three smallest fractions(colloid,clay and silt).Eleven metals were analyzed in the lake surface and bottom water,and only six of them were detected:potassium,magnesium,calcium,nickel,aluminum and *** were all present at low *** contrast,sediments contained elevated levels of some metals with concentrations between 28.1-126.8 mg kg-1for ni,23.6-79.2 mg kg-1for Cr,9.2-36.9 mg kg-1for Cu,199-878 mg kg-1for Mn and 9.6-23.1 g kg-1for *** exceeded consensus-based guidelines for safety towards freshwater dwelling *** organic matter content of the sediment fluctuated between 4.7 and 21.5%.no correlations were found between metal concentrations,organic matter and sediment particle size fractions,suggesting that the latter are not the main factors controlling metal accumulation in Skadar lake.

关键词： Skadar lake nickel contamination Metal pollution Spatial distribution of metals

Intermediate Energy Pion-^(20)ne Elastic Scattering in the α+^(16)O Model of (20)~ne

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第11期60卷 588-592页

作者：杨永栩 Ong piet-Tjing 李清润 Department of Physics Guangxi Normal University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We present an analysis of π-^20ne elastic scattering at intermediate energy basing on the α＋^16O model of the ^20ne nucleus and in the framework of Glauber multiple scattering theory. Satisfactory agreement with the general features of the experimental data of pion elastic scattering on the neighboring 4n-type nuclei is obtained without any free parameters. Compared with the experimental angular distributions of pion elastic scattering on ^12 C, ^16O, ^24Mg, and ^28Si nuclei, the diffractive patterns and the positions of the dips and peaks in the angular distributions of ^π-^20ne elastic scattering are reasonably predicted by the calculations.

关键词： pion-nucleus elastic scattering nuclear cluster model

linguistics Today – Facing a Greater Challenge.

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Identification of druggable host dependency factors shared by multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

2004年

作者： piet van Sterkenburg

ISBN: (数字)9789027295149

ISBN: (纸本)9789027232236

Every five years the Permanent International Committee of linguists (CIPl) organises a world congress for linguists. And every five years the Committee faces the challenge of presenting a programme at the highest possible level. The CIPl Executive Committee decided for the Congress planned for 2003 in Prague to focus on four major topics which play an important role in today’s linguistic debate: 1. Typology, 2. Endangered languages, 3. Methodology and linguistics (including fieldwork) and 4. language and the mind. leading experts have introduced the four themes in their plenary lectures in the course of the congress, which served as a basis for the articles presented in the current volume. This book should be a welcome tool for all linguists wishing to find their way quickly in current developments. A CD-Rom containing the full proceedings of the Prague Congress is included.

关键词： linguistics

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第3期16卷 9-23页

作者： Ilaria Frasson linda Diamante Manuela Zangrossi Elena Carbognin Anna Dalla pietà Alessandro Penna Antonio Rosato Ranieri Verin Filippo Torrigiani Cristiano Salata Marìa Paula Dizanzo lorenzo Vaccaro Davide Cacchiarelli Sara n.Richter Marco Montagner Graziano Martello Department of Molecular Medicine University of PaduaPadua 35121Italy Department of Biology Armenise/Harvard Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology LaboratoryUniversity of PaduaPadua 35131Italy Department of Surgery Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PaduaPadua 35128Italy Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS Padua 35128Italy Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science University of PaduaPadua 35020Italy Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine(TIGEM) Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative GenomicsPozzuoli 80078Italy Department of Translational Medicine University of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy School for Advanced Studies Genomics and Experimental Medicine ProgramUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy Microbiology and Virology Unit Padua University HospitalPadua 35128Italy

The high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 leads to the emergence of multiple variants,some of which are resistant to vaccines and drugs targeting viral *** host dependency factors,*** proteins required for viral replication,would help prevent the development of ***,it remains unclear whether different SARS-CoV-2 variants induce conserved cellular responses and exploit the same core host *** this end,we compared three variants of concern and found that the host transcriptional response was conserved,differing only in kinetics and *** regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats screening identified host genes required for each variant during *** of the genes were shared by multiple *** validated our hits with small molecules and repurposed the US Food and Drug Administration-approved *** the drugs were highly active against all the tested variants,including new variants that emerged during the study(Delta and Omicron).Mechanistically,we identified reactive oxygen species production as a key step in early viral *** such as n-acetyl cysteine(nAC)were effective against all the variants in both human lung cells and a humanized mouse *** study supports the use of available antioxidant drugs,such as nAC,as a general and effective anti-COVID-19 approach.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern host dependency factors antivirals n-acetyl cysteine

新型2,2'-缩水-l-苏糖嘧啶膦酸核苷的合成

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有机化学 2023年第9期43卷 3167-3173页

作者：朱传涛王松赵一凡 Herdewijn piet 刘丰五郑州大学药物研究院、XnA生物医学研究所郑州450001 郑州大学药物关键制备技术教育部重点实验室郑州450001 Medicinal Chemistry Rega Institute for Medical ResearchKU LeuvenHerestraat 493000 LeuvenBelgium

首先通过九步反应合成了一系列l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯. 用二乙胺基三氟化硫(DAST)处理l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯, 分别以中高收率得到相应的2,2'-缩水-1-(l-苏糖)尿嘧啶核苷膦酸酯类似物. 对所得到的l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯和2,2'-缩水-l-苏糖... 详细信息

首先通过九步反应合成了一系列l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯. 用二乙胺基三氟化硫(DAST)处理l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯, 分别以中高收率得到相应的2,2'-缩水-1-(l-苏糖)尿嘧啶核苷膦酸酯类似物. 对所得到的l-苏糖嘧啶核苷膦酸酯和2,2'-缩水-l-苏糖嘧啶膦酸核苷进行了初步的生物学评价, 未发现任何活性.

关键词： 2,2'-缩水核苷二乙胺基三氟化硫(DAST) l-苏糖嘧啶膦酸酯

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低压变阻器的晶粒控制

压电与声光 1991年第6期13卷 73-77页

作者： Detlev F.K.Hennings Ruediger Hartung piet J.l.Reijnen 余承杰德.亚琛菲利普研究实验室德.非金属材料研究所德.矿石冶金学研究所

低压氧化锌(ZnO)变阻器因不均匀的晶粒生长与不均匀的微观结构,往往导致不一致的伏安特性。在陶瓷配料中加入籽晶是抑制个别大晶粒生长的一种有效方法,它能较易地控制细晶粒尺寸和电性能的一致性。籽晶通常是一种组成与原ZnO配比相同的... 详细信息

低压氧化锌(ZnO)变阻器因不均匀的晶粒生长与不均匀的微观结构,往往导致不一致的伏安特性。在陶瓷配料中加入籽晶是抑制个别大晶粒生长的一种有效方法,它能较易地控制细晶粒尺寸和电性能的一致性。籽晶通常是一种组成与原ZnO配比相同的单晶颗粒,而籽晶的晶粒尺寸要比原ZnO晶粒平均尺寸大。

关键词：低压变阻器晶粒控制

Hyaluronan is a natural and effective immunological adjuvant for protein-based vaccines

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1197-1210页

作者： Anna Dalla pietà Debora Carpanese Antonella Grigoletto Anna Tosi Silvia Dalla Santa Gabriel Kristian Pedersen Dennis Christensen laura Meléndez-Alafort Vito Barbieri Paola De Benedictis Gianfranco Pasut Isabella Monia Montagner Antonio Rosato Department of Surgery Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS PaduaItaly Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences University of PaduaPaduaItaly Center for Vaccine Research Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagenDenmark FAO and national Reference Centre for Rabies Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle VenezieLegnaroPDItaly

One of the main goals of vaccine research is the development of adjuvants that can enhance immune responses and are both safe and *** explored the application of the natural polymer hyaluronan(HA)as a promising immunological adjuvant for protein-based *** conjugation of HA to antigens strongly increased their immunogenicity,reduced booster requirements,and allowed antigen dose ***-based bioconjugates stimulated robust and long-lasting humoral responses without the addition of other immunostimulatory compounds and proved highly efficient when compared to other *** to its intrinsic biocompatibility,HA allowed the exploitation of different injection routes and did not induce inflammation at the inoculation *** polymer promoted rapid translocation of the antigen to draining lymph nodes,thus facilitating encounters with antigen-presenting ***,HA can be regarded as an effective and biocompatible adjuvant to be exploited for the design of a wide variety of vaccines.

关键词： Hyaluronan natural polymer immunological adjuvant HA-bioconjugate vaccines