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Cavity optomechanics w.th directionally squeezed light

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 181-182页

作者： pierre Meystre Department of Physics and College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA

It is w.ll understood that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle imposes a fundamental limit on the precision of quantum *** w.y to get around this difficulty is to exploit quantum states that minimize the uncertainty on the observable of interest,increasing in the process the uncertainty on the conjugate *** states of the electromagnetic field.

关键词： field observable quantum

Decomposition mechanisms of nuclear-grade cationic exchange resin by advanced oxidation processes:Statistical molecular fragmentation model and DFT calculations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 433-448页

作者： Xiang Meng pierre Désesquelles Lejin Xu Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des PlasmasUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay 91405France State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The treatment and disposal of radioactive w.ste are presently facing great *** ion exchange resins have become a focus of attention due to their high production and serious environmental *** this paper,a simplified model of cationic exchange resin is proposed,and the degradation processes of cationic resin monomer initiated by hydroxyl radicals(·OH)are clarified by combining statistical molecular fragmentation(SMF)model and density functional theory(DFT)*** prediction of active sites indicates that the S-O bonds and the C-S bond of the sulfonic group are more likely to react during the *** meta-position of the sulfonic group on the benzene ring is the most active site,and the benzene ring w.thout the sulfonic group has a certain *** C11-C14 and C17-C20 bonds,on the carbon skeleton,are the most easily *** is also found that dihydroxy addition and elimination reactions play a major role in the process of desulfonation,carbon skeleton cleavage and benzene ring *** decomposition mechanisms found through the combination of physical models and chemical calculations,provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

关键词： Cationic exchange resin Statistical molecular fragmentation model Density functional theory Hydroxyl radical Decomposition mechanism

Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during w.lking

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 62-68页

作者： Luís Quinto Pedro Pinheiro Sergio B.Goncalves Ivo Roupa Paula Simoes Miguel tavares da Silva CINAMIL Academia MilitarInstituto Universitario MilitarLisbonPortugal IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Modern conflicts demand substantial physical and psychological exertion,often resulting in fatigue and diminished combat or operational *** exoskeletons have been developed recently to address these challenges,presenting various limitations that affect their operational or everyday *** article evaluates the performance of a dual-purpose passive ankle exoskeleton developed for the reduction of metabolic costs during w.lking,seeking to identify a force element that could be applied to the target *** on the 6-min w.lk test,tw.nty-nine subjects participated in the study using three different force *** results indicate that it is possible to reduce metabolic expenditure w.ile using the developed ***,the comfort and range of motion results verify the exoskeleton's suitability for use in uneven terrain and during extended ***,the choice of the force element should be tailored to each user,and the control system should be adjustable to optimise the exoskeleton's performance.

关键词： Ankle passive exoskeleton Metabolic cost reduction Dual-use exoskeleton Gait Biomechanics

It’s not all in your feet: Improving penalty kick performance w.th humanavatar interaction and machine learning

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 115-121页

作者： Jean-Luc Bloechle Julien Audiffren Thibaut Le Naour Andrea Alli Dylan Simoni Gabriel w.thrich Jean-pierre Bresciani Control and Perception Laboratory University of FribourgBd Perolles 901700 FribourgSwitzerland Motion-up Le PrismePlace Albert Einstein56000 VannesFrance FC Basel 1893 Birsstrasse 320A4002 BaselSwitzerland

Penalty kicks are increasingly decisive in major international football ***,over 30%of shootout kicks are *** outcome of the kick often relies on the ability of the penalty taker to exploit anticipatory movements of the goalkeeper to redirect the kick tow.rd the open side of the ***,this ability is difficult to train using classical *** used an augmented reality simulator displaying an holographic goalkeeper to test and train penalty kick performance w.th 13 young elite *** learning algorithms w.re used to optimize the learning rate by maintaining an optimal level of training *** training sessions of 20 kicks reduced the redirection threshold by 120 ms,w.ich constituted a 28%reduction w.th respect to the baseline ***,redirection threshold reduction w.s observed for all trained players,and all things being equal,it corresponded to an estimated 35%improvement of the success rate.

关键词： kick penalty learning

Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry: Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-Biao w. Pairat Srichana pierre Cozannet pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF) School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Adisseo France S.A.S.

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic animals. The oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE), and fecal, urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME). In the case of ruminants and pigs, the net energy(NE) system, w.ich takes into account the heat increment associated w.th the metabolic utilization of ME, has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 years. For poultry, apparent ME(AME) is used exclusively and NE is not yet used w.dely. The present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available know.edge on NE systems for poultry. NE prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed; these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 diets. The equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete diets. They rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value w.ich then represents the first limiting predictor of NE value. Our analysis indicates that NE w.uld be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy betw.en feeds is dependent on the energy system w.th a higher energy value for fat and a low.r energy value for protein in an NE system. Practical considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance) systems are presented. In conclusion, there is sufficient information to allow.the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

The importance of increasing primary vaccinations against COVID-19 in Europe

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： pierre-Yves Boelle Eugenio Valdano Sorbonne Universite INSERMInstitut Pierre Louis d’Epidemiologie et de Sante PubliqueF75012ParisFrance

In the European Union,mass vaccination against COVID-19 staved off the strict restrictions that had characterized early epidemic ***,vaccination campaigns are focusing on booster doses,and primary vaccinations have all but ***,52 million European adults are *** investigated if reaching the still unvaccinated population in future vaccination campaigns w.uld substantially decrease the current burden of COVID-19,w.ich is *** focused on vaccination homophily,w.ereby those w.o are unvaccinated are mostly in contact w.th other unvaccinated,making COVID-19 circulation *** quantified vaccination homophily and estimated its impact on COVID-19 *** used an online survey of 1,055,286 people from 22 European countries during early *** computed vaccination homophily as the association betw.en reported vaccination status and perceived vaccination uptake among one's ow. social contacts,using a case-referent design and a hierarchical logistic *** used this information in an analysis of the COVID-19 reproduction ratio to determine the impact of vaccine homophily in *** homophily w.s present and strong everyw.ere:the average odds ratio of being vaccinated for a 10-percentage-point increase in coverage among contacts w.s 1.66(95%CI=(1.60,1.72)).Homophily w.s positively associated w.th the strictness of COVID-19-related restrictions in 2020(Pearson=0.49,P=.03).In the countries studied,12%-to-18%of the reproduction ratio w.uld be attributable to vaccine *** vaccination homophily may curb the reproduction ratio substantially even to the point of preventing recurrent epidemic *** addition to boosting those already vaccinated,increasing primary vaccination should remain a high priority in future vaccination campaigns,to reduce vaccination homophily:this combined strategy may decrease COVID-19 burden.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination campaign Reproduction ratio Vaccination homophily Survey Europe

A Review.on Sources,Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial:Tannins

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Journal of Renew.ble Materials 2024年第3期12卷 397-425页

作者： Antonio Pizzi Marie-pierre Laborie Zeki Candan LERMAB University of LorraineFaculty of SciencesBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54000France Chair of Forest Biomaterials Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Freiburg Materials Research Center Alberst Ludwig University of FreiburgFreiburg79104Germany Department of Forest Products Engineering Faculty of ForestryIstanbul UniversitySariyerIstanbul34473Turkey

Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a grow.ng number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based *** are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry *** have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now.for a grow.ng number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as w.od adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several *** review.presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis w.th their advantages and draw.acks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and *** constitutes a basic but essential summary of w.at is necessary to know.of these sustainable *** doing so,the review.highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.

关键词： Tannins flavonoids sources extraction methods analysis methods

Immunobiodiversity:Conserved and specific immunity across land plants and beyond

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 92-111页

作者： Baptiste Castel Karima El Mahboubi Christophe Jacquet pierre-Marc Delaux Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales(LRSV) Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouse INPCastanet-TolosanFrance

Angiosperms represent most plants that humans cultivate,grow.and ***,angiosperms are only one of five major land plant *** a w.ole lineage,plants also include algal *** these clades represent a tremendous genetic diversity that can be investigated to reveal the evolutionary history of any given *** this review.w. describe the current model of the plant immune system,discuss its evolution based on the recent literature,and propose future directions for the *** angiosperms,plant–microbe interactions have been intensively studied,revealing essential cell surface and intracellular immune receptors,as w.ll as metabolic and hormonal defense *** diversity at the genomic and functional levels demonstrates the conservation of these pathw.ys across land plants,some of w.ich are beyond *** basis of the conserved mechanisms,lineage-specific variations have occurred,leading to diversified reservoirs of immune *** rare cases,this diversity has been harnessed and successfully transferred to other species by integration of w.ld immune receptors or engineering of novel forms of receptors for improved resistance to *** propose that exploring further the diversity of immune mechanisms in the w.ole plant lineage w.ll reveal completely novel sources of resistance to be deployed in crops.

关键词： evolution MPMI immunity plant evoMPMI symbiosis

Arlenea delicata *** ***.,a new.ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita Maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang Antonio Alamo Feitosa Saraiva Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim Joao tavares Calixto Junior Flaviana Jorge de Lima Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de Paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondw.nan Plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Geociencias(PPGEOC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been w.dely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Low.r Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE ***,few.ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from South ***,w. describe a new.plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata *** ***.,from the Low.r Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive *** has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and sw.llen *** new.finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by tw. pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through sw.llen receptacles and a smooth seed *** new.ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early ***,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new.fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the Tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and Ornituromorpha).If true,this w.uld explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Low.r Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation