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Flo. Dynamics during the Hydro.arbo. Explo.tatio. fo. Preventio. and Management o. Water Venues in o.l Field: A Study Case o. Crystal Field in Badila/Chad

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Internatio.al Jo.rnal o. Geo.ciences 2024年第5期15卷 433-448页

作者： Issakha Tidjani Djimet Huguette Christiane Emvo.to. Nico.ème Djiedeu Jean-pierre Nguenang Labo.ato.y o. Fundamental Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Labo.ato.y o. Geo.ciences Natural Resources and Environment Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Douala Cameroon

The so.thern part o. the Lake Chad basin is under the gas and o.l petro.eum industry due to.its hydro.arbo. po.ential fo. abo.t twenty years. This pro.ect stands o.t as the main challenges o. the hydro.arbo. pro.uctio. and the management o. fluxes particularly the gro.ndwater venues. A co.prehensive study is thus co.ducted to.develo. a dynamic and analytic mo.el fo. diagno.ing the pro.uctio. perfo.mances with a particular view o. the management o. gro.ndwater venues. The three main co.cerned reservo.rs subdivided o. subunits evidence their pro.er characteristics. The po.o.s media, their densities, the internal flo.s and the water injectio. techniques such as water flo.ding were thus ado.ted. The o.l visco.ity variability within the reservo.rs creates different levels o. mo.ility between water and o.l, highlighting the challenges o. water management. The material balance mo.el and the behavio. o. the well analysis were taken in co.sideratio. within the identified aquifer, emphasizing the impo.tance o. keeping the pressure thro.gh injectio.. The co.tro. o. water pro.uctio.s, the management o. the reservo.r, the well strategical po.itio. and the specific co.pletio.s lead to.the mo.el functio.ing. In additio., the Co.lo. and the Pulsed Neutro. indicate their limitatio.s as a result o. the water salinity and the po.o.ity o. the aquifer. The management o. gro.ndwater venues at Badila requires vario.s appro.ches thro.gho.t the lifetime o. the Crystal field such as the data acquisitio. and remediatio. actio.s and preventio., under a permanent mo.ito.ing o. the dynamic fluxes in the reservo.rs.

关键词： Gro.ndwater Venues Analytic and Dynamic Mo.el Water Flo.ding o.timizatio. o. Pro.uctio.

Predictio. o. Lo. Heating Value o. Sugar Cane Bagasse as a Fuel fo. Industrial Bo.lers in the High Relative Humidity Regio.: Case o. Camero.n

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Applied Sciences 2024年第6期14卷 1604-1624页

作者： pierre Kana-Do.fack Maxell Tientcheu-Nsiewe Denis Tcheukam-To.o.César Kapseu Department o. Mechanical Engineering College of Technology University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department o. Fundamental Sciences and Engineering Techno.o.y School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries University of Ngaoudr Ngaoudr Cameroon Department o. Pro.ess Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Science University of Ngaoundr Ngaoudr Cameroon

Many attempts have been made to.estimate calo.ific value o. bagasse using mathematical equatio.s, which were created based o. data fro. pro.imate, ultimate, physical and chemical analysis. Questio.s have been raised o. the applicability o. these equatio.s in different parts o. the glo.e. This study was initiated to.tackle these pro.lems and also.check the mo.t suited mathematical mo.els fo. the Law Heating Value o. Camero.nian bagasse. Data and bagasse samples were co.lected at the Camero.nian sugarcane facto.y. The effects o. cane variety, age o. harvesting, so.rce, mo.sture co.tent, and sucro.e o. the LHV o. Camero.n bagasse have been tested. It was sho.n that humidity do.s no. change within a variety, but changes fro. the dry seaso. to.the rainy seaso.;the sugar in the rainy seaso. is significantly different fro. that co.lected in the dry seaso.. Samples o. the same variety have identical LHV. LHV in the dry seaso. is significantly different fro. LHV in the rainy seaso.. Acco.ding to.the fact that this study was do.e fo. cane with different ages o. harvesting, the maturity o. Camero.nian sugarcane do.s no. affect LHV o. bagasse. Tree selected mo.els are much superio. to.l fo. the predictio. o. the LHV fo. bagasse in Camero.n co.pared to.o.hers. The standard deviatio. o. these validated mo.els is aro.nd 200 kJ/kg co.pared to.the experimental. Thus, the mo.els determined in fo.eign co.ntries, are no. necessarily applicable in predicting the LHV o. bagasse in o.her co.ntries with the same accuracy as that in their native co.ntry. There was linear relatio.ship between humidity, ash and sugar co.tent in the bagasse. It is po.sible to.build mo.els based o. data fro. physical co.po.itio. o. bagasse using regressio. analysis.

关键词： Sugarcane Bagasse Relative Humidity Ash Lo. Heating Value

Fluctuating Asymmetry o. Elo.es lacerta (Valenciennes, 1847) o.o.iths in the Western African Waters

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Marine Science 2024年第3期14卷 41-62页

作者： Madel Flo.iane Adjibayo.Ho.eto.Marwa Mejri Malek Tazarki Marius So.no.vo. Nico.as Andrialo.anirina Meriem Ben Gho.bel pierre Do.so.-Yo.o.Abdellah Chalh pierre Quignard Mo.ia Trabelsi Kélig Mahé Labo.ato.y o. Eco.o.y Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia Institute o. Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin IFREMER Unit HMMN Halieutic Resources Laboratory Boulogne-sur-Mer France Labo.ato.y fo. Research into.the Pro.essing and Co.servatio. o. Fishery Pro.ucts (LAREPRo.) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Unit o. Po.ulatio. Genetics and Bio.o.ical Reso.rces Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia Labo.ato.re dIchtyo.o.ie Universit Montpellier Montpellier France

The impo.tance o. this study lies in the in-depth explo.atio. o. the eco.o.ical diversity o. o.o.iths in Elo.es lacerta, based o. the analysis o. data fro. 260 individuals co.lected fro. vario.s sites, including the Po.to.No.o.lago.n, the Co.o.o. lago.n, Lake No.o., and the Atlantic co.st in so.thern Benin. The results highlight significant variatio.s in o.o.ith mo.pho.o.y, establishing relevant links with the bio.o.ical parameters o. the fish at each site. Explo.atio. o. the asymmetry between the right and left sides reveals no.able distinctio.s between these two.aspects. Analysis o. o.o.ith shape thus emerges as a valuable to.l fo. discriminating between sto.ks and pro.iding a better understanding o. eco.o.ical variatio.s. The lo.al diversity o.served highlights the crucial impo.tance o. implementing adaptive management strategies to.ensure effective co.servatio. o. the species and its habitat.

关键词： Analysis Po.to.No.o.Lago.n Co.o.o. Lago.n Lake No.o.é Co.st Atlantic

Petro.o.y o. Spinel-Lherzo.ite Xeno.iths fro. Mazéléand o.hers No.then Xeno.iths Lo.alities o. Camero.n Vo.canic Line: Exchange Reactio.s and Equilibrium State

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Geo.o.y 2024年第5期14卷 629-653页

作者： Nguihdama Dagwai Kamgang pierre Mbo.o. Gbambié Isaac Bertrand Chazo. Gilles Ngo.no.no.Ismaïla Department o. Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department o. Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department o. Mineral Pro.pecting and Explo.atio. Techno.o.ies School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon o.ean Geo.ciences Labo.ato.y European University Institute of the Sea (IUEM) Brest France

The alkaline vo.canism o. the Camero.n Vo.canic Line in its no.thern do.ain has raised many fresh enclaves o. perido.ites. The samples selected co.e fro. five (05) different lo.alities (Liri, in the plateau o. Kapsiki, Mazélé in the NE o. Ngao.ndéré, Tello.and Ganguiré in the SE o. Ngao.ndéré and Liko., lo.ality lo.ated in the west o. Ngao.ndé). The perido.ite enclaves o. the abo.e lo.alities sho. restricted mineralo.ical variatio.. Mo.t are fo.r-phase spinel-lherzo.ites, indicating that this is the main litho.o.y that fo.ms the litho.pheric mantle belo. the shallo. zo.e. No.traces o. garnet o. primary plagio.lase were detected, which stro.gly limits the depth range fro. which the ro.k fragments were sampled. The textures and the wide equilibrium temperatures (884˚C - 1115˚C) indicate also.entrainment o. lherzo.ite xeno.iths fro. shallo. depths within the litho.phere and the presence o. mantle diapirism. The exchange reactio.s and equilibrium state established in this wo.k make it po.sible to.characterize the chemical co.po.itio. o. the upper mantle o. each regio. and test the equilibrium state o. the phases between them. Variatio.s o. majo. o.ides and inco.patible elemental co.centratio.s in clino.yro.ene indicate a primary co.tro. by partial melting. The absence o. typical “metaso.atic” minerals, lo. equilibratio. temperatures and enriched LREE patterns indicate that the upper mantle belo. septentrio.al crust o. Camero.n underwent an event o. cryptic metaso.atic enrichment prio. to.partial melting. The distinctive chemical features, LREE enrichment, stro.g U, Ce and Pr, depletio. relative to.Ba, Nb, La, Pb, and T, fractio.atio. o. Zr and Hf and therefo.e ligh high Zr/Hf ratio. lo. La/Yb, Nb/La and Ti/Eu are all results o. interactio. o. refracto.y perido.ite residues with carbo.atite melts.

关键词： Xeno.iths Upper Mantle No.thern Regio. Adamawa Camero.n Vo.canic Line Exchange Reactio.

Advancements in Catalysts fo. Electro.hemical Nitrate Reductio.: A Sustainable Appro.ch fo. Mitigating Nitrate Po.lutio.: A Review

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Mo.ern Research in Catalysis 2024年第1期13卷 1-28页

作者： Gerald D. S. Quo.e Jr. Jean pierre Bavumiragira Varney Kro.ah State Key Labo.ato.y o. Po.lutio. Co.tro. and Reso.rces Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Key Labo.ato.y o. Yangtze River Water Enviro.ment Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China Department o. Mining Engineering College of Engineering University of Liberia Monrovia Liberia

Nitrate po.lutio. is o. great impo.tance in bo.h the enviro.mental and health co.texts, necessitating the develo.ment o. efficient mitigatio. strategies. This review pro.ides a co.prehensive analysis o. the many catalysts emplo.ed in the electro.hemical reductio. o. nitrate to.ammo.ia, and presents a viable enviro.mentally friendly appro.ch to.address the issue o. nitrate po.lutio.. Hence, the electro.hemical transfo.matio. o. nitrate to.ammo.ia serves the dual purpo.e o. addressing nitrate po.lutio. in water bo.ies, and is a useful agricultural reso.rce. This review examines a range o. catalyst materials such as no.le and no.-no.le metals, metal o.ides, carbo.-based materials, nitro.en-do.ed carbo. species, metal co.plexes, and semico.ducto. pho.o.atalysts. It evaluates catalytic efficiency, selectivity, stability, and o.erall pro.ess o.timizatio.. The perfo.mance o. catalysts is influenced by vario.s facto.s, including reactio. co.ditio.s, catalyst structure, lo.ding techniques, and electro.e interfaces. Co.parative analysis was perfo.med to.evaluate the catalytic activity, selectivity, Faradaic efficiency, current density, stability, and durability o. the catalysts. This assessment o.fers significant perspectives o. the structural, co.po.itio.al, and electro.hemical characteristics that affect the efficacy o. these catalysts, thus info.ming future investigatio.s and advancements in this do.ain. In additio. to.mitigating nitrate po.lutio., the electro.hemical reductio. o. nitrate to.ammo.ia is in line with sustainable agricultural metho.s, reso.rce co.servatio., and the utilizatio. o. renewable energy reso.rces. This study explo.es the facto.s that affect the catalytic efficiency, pro.ides new o.po.tunities to.address nitrate po.lutio., and pro.o.es the develo.ment o. sustainable enviro.mental so.utio.s.

关键词： Nitrate Po.lutio. Electro.hemical Reductio. Ammo.ia Sustainable Farming Catalysts

Palaeo.ene Sandsto.es o. the Manika Plateau in Ko.wezi (DR Co.go.: Sedimento.o.ical and Geo.hemical Characterizatio., Pro.enance, Palaeo.lteratio. and Tecto.ic Co.text

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Geo.o.y 2024年第7期14卷 705-722页

作者： pierre T. Mashala Faidance Mashauri Samy M. Malango.Christian K. Mulo.we Department o. Geo.o.y University of Lubumbashi Haut-Katanga DR Congo Department o. Geo.o.y University of Ul Haut-Ul DR Congo Department o. Geo.o.y and Techno.o.y University of Kolwezi Lualaba DR Congo

This wo.k presents a study o. the Paleo.ene sandsto.es o. the Manika plateau in Ko.wezi, DR Co.go. These sandsto.es belo.g to.the “Grès po.ymo.phes” gro.p, which to.ether with the o.erlying “Sables o.re” makes up the Kalahari Supergro.p. Sedimento.o.ical and geo.hemical analyses have enabled us to.characterize these sandsto.es and determine their o.igin, the co.ditio.s o. their fo.matio. and the tecto.ic co.text in which they were develo.ed. The results sho. that the sandsto.es are quartz arenites with a high level o. mineralo.ical, textural and chemical maturity. They are recycled sandsto.es, fo.med in an intracrato.ic sedimentary basin, in the co.text o. a passive co.tinental margin, after a lo.g fluvial transpo.t o. sediments. These sandsto.es initially co.e fro. intense alteratio. o. magmatic ro.ks with felsic co.po.itio., mainly to.alite-tro.dhjemite-grano.io.ite (TTG) co.plexes, in ho., humid palaeo.limatic co.ditio.s and o.idizing enviro.ments.

关键词： Sandsto.e Sedimento.o.y Geo.hemistry Palaeo.lteratio. Tecto.ic Co.text Manika Plateau DR Co.go

Ethics o. Human Reso.rces Management in the Camero.nian Health System, Medical No.adism and the Ineffectiveness o. the Fight against High Blo.d Pressure

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 9-21页

作者： Jean Ndibi Abanda Anicet o.ana Ako. Désiré Tcho.fo.Ulrich Dama pierre Yassa Yo.iene Faculty o. Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo Natio.al o.der o. Medical and Sanitary Pro.essio.s Yaounde Cameroon Scho.l o. Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Wo.ld Health o.ganizatio. Maroua Cameroon Faculty o. Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Co.text/o.jectives: The fight against Chro.ic No.-Co.municable Diseases (NCDs) is a lo.g-term undertaking, which requires available, mo.ivated and well-managed human reso.rces (HR). The administrative management o. skills o. bo.h qualitative and quantitative levels is o.e o. the essential functio.s o. a health system. To.better implement po.icies o. fight against High Blo.d Pressure (HBP) and o.her chro.ic diseases, it is impo.tant to.establish strategies to.retain health perso.nel. This lo.alty requires favo.able wo.king co.ditio.s and co.sideratio. o. the co.tributio.-reward co.ple. Go.d wo.king co.ditio.s are likely to.reduce the pheno.eno. o. medical no.adism;co.versely, po.r HR management can co.tribute to.their exo.us to.ards exo.ic “green pastures”, thus leading to.an additio.al crisis in the Camero.nian health system. The fight against HBP is a co.plex, multifaceted and multifacto.ial reality that requires appro.riate management mo.el fo. all types o. reso.rces mainly HR. The main o.jective o. this research is to.sho. the impact o. po.r management o. human reso.rces in Camero.n health system o. medical no.adism and the ineffectiveness o. the fight against High Blo.d Pressure. Metho.: A cro.s-sectio.al descriptive survey amo.g five hundred (500) health facilities in the center regio. o. Camero.n has been co.ducted. A stratified pro.abilistic technique has been used, and the number o. health facilities to.be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimatio. table” o. Depelteau. The physical questio.naires have been printed and then distributed to.data co.lecto.s. After data co.lectio., the latter were gro.ped during pro.essing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used fo. data with a qualitative value and that o. Ko.mo.o.o.-Smino.f fo. data with a quantitative value to.assess the no.mality and reliability o. data. The Cro.hach’s Alpha reliability test allo.ed us to.have a summary o. the means and variances and then to.search fo. intragro.p co.

关键词： Ethics Human Reso.rces Management Camero.nian Health System Medical No.adism Ineffectiveness High Blo.d Pressure

Fo.mulatio. o. Infant Flo.rs Based o. Fo.io.Enriched with Bambara Gro.ndnut Anacardium (Cashew) and African Lo.ust Bean Fruit Pulp

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1071-1088页

作者： Lawrence Ro.elynn Kra Ko.aKo. pierre Martial Thierry Akely Albarin Gro.ji Gbo.o.ri Franço.se Ko.ame Labo.ato.y o. Fo.d Bio.hemistry and Tro.ical Pro.uct Techno.o.ies UFR of Food Sciences and Technology Nangui-Abrogoua University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department o. Science et Techno.o.ie Section (SVT) Ecole Normale Suprieure Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Infant malnutritio. is a significant issue in Côte d’Ivo.re, and this study aims to.address it by fo.mulating infant flo.rs using lo.al ingredients. Fermentatio., germinatio., and malting metho.s were used to.enhance the quality o. six fo.mulated flo.rs, all based o. Fo.io.and supplemented with Bambara gro.ndnut, African lo.ust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernels. Results sho.ed that Fo.io.had the highest carbo.ydrate co.tent, while Bambara gro.ndnut and Cashew kernels were rich in pro.ein and lipid co.tent. African lo.ust bean fruit pulp was rich in fiber and Vitamin C, with a high β-caro.ene value. The cashew kernel had the highest energy value. Regarding mineral co.po.itio., African lo.ust bean fruit pulp had the highest po.assium co.tent, while Bambara gro.ndnut and African lo.ust bean fruit pulp were rich in so.ium. Cashew kernel and Fo.io.had higher iro. and calcium co.tent. Bambara gro.ndnut had a higher zinc co.tent, while cashew kernel had a higher magnesium co.tent. The fo.mulated flo.rs made fro. fermented Fo.io.grains and enriched with Bambara gro.ndnut, African lo.ust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernel had varying pro.ein, fiber, carbo.ydrate, ash, and fat co.tents. The flo.r fo.mulated with spro.ted Fo.io.and enriched with the same ingredients had higher pro.ein co.tent and energy value than the o.her fermented seed-based flo.rs. The mixed flo.rs pro.uced with fermented seeds and the flo.r pro.uced fro. spro.ted seeds met internatio.al standards. o.erall, these findings o.fer valuable insights into.the nutritio.al co.po.itio. o. the fo.mulated flo.rs and their po.ential to.co.bat infant malnutritio. in Côte d’Ivo.re.

关键词： Infant Flo.rs Fo.mulatio. Fo.io Gro.ndnut African Lo.ust Bean Fruit Pulp

Detectio. o. Adeno.irus in Fresh Fruit, Vegetables, Wastewater and Manure fro. Irrigated Farms in o.agado.go., Burkina Faso

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Fo.d and Nutritio. Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 644-662页

作者： Kuan Abdo.laye Trao.e Mado. Sano. Jean Bienvenue o.o.a Bruno.Lalidia o.o.a pierre Ro.ues Nico.as Barro Labo.ato.re de Bio.o.ie Mo.culaire dEpidmiologie et de Surveillance des Bactries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Labo.ato.re Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LaSVT) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Viro.o.y Unit Institut Pasteur de Guine Conakry Guinea

Enteric viral patho.ens are respo.sible fo. numero.s epidemics asso.iated with the co.sumptio. o. fresh fruit and vegetable, whether raw o. minimally pro.essed. The aim o. the present study was to.assess agricultural practices and the presence o. adeno.irus (AdV) in fruits and vegetables, manure and irrigatio. wastewater sampled in the urban and peri-urban perimeters o. o.agado.go.. A to.al o. 286 samples including 30 lettuces, 42 to.ato.s, 30 carro.s, 30 strawberries, 74 manures and 80 wastewater samples were co.lected fro. fo.r market garden sites in and aro.nd o.agado.go.. Nested PCR was perfo.med with specific primers to.detect adeno.iruses (AdVs). A face-to.face survey was carried o.t using a questio.naire o. market garden pro.uctio. practices. o.erall, adeno.iruses prevalence was 5.9% [IC95, 3.2% - 8.7%] in all samples analyzed. It was specifically 7.14% (3/42) fro. to.ato.s, 6.7% (2/30) fro. lettuces, 20% (6/30) o. strawberries and 7.5% (6/80) in irrigatio. water. The survey sho.ed that irrigatio. water came fro. untreated so.rces (dam, well, canal) and then 52% o. farms used untreated manure. No.farms have implemented measures to.limit access by do.estic and wild animals. This wo.k sho.s the presence o. human adeno.iruses in surface irrigatio. water and fresh pro.uce, which is o. co.cern when fresh pro.uce is co.sumed raw. To.reduce the public health risks asso.iated with co.suming these fo.ds, it is essential to.fo.lo. go.d hygiene and cultivatio. practices.

关键词： Adeno.irus Raw Fruits and Vegetables Nested PCR Wastewater Manure o.agado.go.