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Have some landscapes in the eastern Canadian boreal forest moved beyond their natural range of variability?

Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 412-428页

作者： pierre grondin Sylvie Gauthier Veronique Poirier Patrice Tardif Yan Boucher Yves Bergeron Direction de la Recherche Forestiere Ministere des Foretsde la Faune et des Pares (MFFP)2700rue EinsteinQuebecQC GIP 3W8Canada Ressources Naturelles Canada/Natural Resources Canada Service Canadien des forets/Canadian Forest ServiceCentre de foresterie des Laurentides/Laurentian Forestry Center1055 rue du P.E.P.SQuebecQC G1V 4C7 Canada Institut de Recherche sur les Forets Universite du Quebec en Abitibi-Temiscamingue445boul.de I'UniversiteRouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada Centre d'etude de la Foret Universite du QuebecMontreal CP 8888succ AMontrealQC H3C 3P8Canada

Background: In the contxt of ecosystem management, the present study aims to compare the natural and the present-day forested landscapes of a large territory in Quebec(Canada). Using contemporary and long-term fire cycles, each natural forst landscape is defined according to the variability of its structure and composition, and compared to the present-day landscape. This analysis was conducted to address the question of whether human activities have moved these ecosystems outside the range of natural landscape ***: The study encompassed a forested area of 175 000 km2 divided into 14 landscapes. Using a framework that integrates fire cycles, age structure and forest dynamics, we characterized the forest composition and age structures that resulted from three historical fire cycles(110,140, and 180 years) representative of the boreal forest of eastern Canada. The modeled natural landscapes were compared with present-day landscapes in regard to the proportion of old-growth forests(landscape level) and the proportion of late-successional forest stands(landscape level and potential vegetation type).Results: Four landscapes(39%) remain within their natural range of variability. In contrast, nine landscapes(54%)show a large gap between natural and present-day landscapes. These nine are located in the southern portion of the study area, and are mainly associated with Abies-Betula vegetation where human activities have contributed to a strong increase in the proportion of Populus tremuloides stands(early-successional stages) and a decrease of oldgrowth forest stands(more than 100 years old). A single landscape(7%), substantially changed from its potential natural state, is a candidate for adaptive-based ***: Comparison of corresponding natural(reference conditions) and present-day landscapes showed that ten landscapes reflecting an important shift in forest composition and age structure could be considered beyond the range of their natural v

关键词： Ecosystem management Reference conditions Natural variability Resilience Fire cycle Age structure Forest dynamics Potential vegetation type Landscape ecology Theoretical natural landscape Present-day landscape

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Bacterial plant pathogens affect the locomotor behavior of the insect vector:a case study of Citrus volkameriana-Triozae erytreae-Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus system

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 901-910页

作者： Arnaud Ameline Alain Karkach Thomas Denoirjean Martial grondin Florencia Molinari Patrick Turpin Helene Delatte Bernard Reynaud UMR CNRS 7058 EDYSAN(Ecologie et Dynamique des Systemes Anthropises) Universite de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensCedexFrance UMR PVBMT(Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical) Universitéde la RéunionSaint PierreLa RéunionFrance

Plant pathogens can alter the behavior of their insect vectors as well as their survival and *** African psyllid,Trioza erytreae,is one of the vectors of Huanglongbing,a citrus disease caused mainly by"Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus"(CLas).The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of CLas on the psyllid,*** using Citrus volkamerina plants as the study *** study focused more specifically on the CLas effects prior to and after its acquisition by the psyllid *** results did not support the hypothesis that CLas effects psyllid probing behavior prior to acquisition;few differences were observed between uninfected *** feeding on CLas-infected versus control *** the other hand,compared to psyllids that had completed their development on control plants,the ones that had completed their development on a CLas-infected plant exhibited changes in their behavior(greater velocity),physiology(smaller mass)and biochemistry(lower water and lipid content).Altogether,our results confirm the existence of a marked postacquisition effect on the vector locomotor behavior and a minor preacquisition effect of CLas on the vector behavior,which can be partially explained by physiological and biochemical changes.

关键词： electrical penetration graph Huanglongbing locomotory behavior lipid biomass probing behavior vector manipulation

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Experimental Evaluation of Parameterized Nonlinear MPC Applied to PEM Fuel Cell

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Engineering（科研） 2020年第2期12卷 99-116页

作者： Cédric Damour Dominique grondin Michel Benne Brigitte grondin-Perez Jean-pierre Chabriat LE²P-EnergyLab EA 4079 University of La Reunion Saint Denis France

This paper proposes a parameterized nonlinear model-based predictive control (NMPC) strategy to tackle the oxygen excess ratio regulation challenge of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. In practice, the most challenging part regarding NMPC strategies remains the on-line implementation. In fact, NMPC strategies, at least in their basic form, involve heavy computation to solve the optimization problem. In this work, a specific parameterization of control actions has been designed to address this limitation and achieve on-line implementation. To assess the effectiveness and relevance of the proposed strategy, the controller has been implemented on-line, experimentally validated on a real fuel cell and compared to the built-in controller. Performance of the parameterized NMPC controller in terms of setpoint tracking accuracy, disturbances rejection and computational cost, have tested under several control scenarios. Experimental results have shown the excellent tracking capability, disturbances rejection ability and low computational cost of the NMPC controller, regardless of the operating conditions. Moreover, compared to the built-in controller the proposed strategy has demonstrated better disturbances rejection capability. Overall, the proposed parameterized NMPC controller appears as an excellent candidate to address the oxygen excess ratio regulation issue.

关键词： Control Application Parameterized Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Neural Model-Based Self-Tuning PID Strategy Applied to PEMFC

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Engineering（科研） 2014年第4期6卷 159-168页

作者： Cédric Damour Michel Benne Brigitte grondin-Perez Jean-pierre Chabriat Physics Department University of La Reunion Saint-Denis France

This paper illustrates the benefits of a self-tuning PID strategy applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system. Controller parameters are updated on-line, at each sampling time, based on an instantaneous linearization of an artificial neural network model of the process and a General Minimum Variance control law. The self-tuning PID scheme allows managing nonlinear behaviors of the system while avoiding heavy computations. The applicability, efficiency and robustness of the proposed control strategy are experimentally confirmed using varying control scenarios. In this aim, the original built-in controller is overridden and the self-tuning PID controller is implemented externally and executed on-line. Experimental results show good performance in setpoint tracking accuracy and robustness against plant/model mismatch. The proposed strategy appears to be a promising alternative to heavy computation nonlinear control strategies and not optimal linear control strategies.

关键词： Self-Tuning PID Controller Artificial Neural Network Model Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Real-Time Control Scheme Experimental Implementation

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Energy Efficiency Improvement of an Industrial Crystallization Process Using Linearizing Control

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2012年第2期2卷 44-54页

作者： Cédric Damour Michel Benne Lionel Boillereaux Brigitte grondin-Perez Jean-pierre Chabriat GEPEA ONIRIS Nantes France. Laboratory of Energetics Electronics and Processes University of La Reunion Saint-Denis France Laboratory of Energetics Electronics and Processes University of La Reunion Saint-Denis France 2GEPEA ONIRIS Nantes France.

This paper illustrates the benefits of a multivariable linearizing control approach applied to an industrial crystallization process. This relevant approach is declined according to two different strategies: first, a setpoint tracking is proposed for the couple crystal mass/concentration, whereas a second way consists in tracking of crystal content and concentration. The controlled variables, unavailable online, are issued from an observer developed in previous works. The performance of these strategies, which application to cane sugar crystallization constitutes a real novelty, are compared with experimental data issued from a PID-controlled industrial plant. The results reveal a significant improvement of energy efficiency, leading to an economy of more than 10% of energy.

关键词： Energy Efficiency Improvement Linearizing Control Industrial Control Phase Changing Crystallization

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Economic Performance Optimization of a PV-BESS Power Generator: A Case Study La Reunion Island

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2017年第4期8卷 114-128页

作者： Cédric Damour Michel Benne Frédéric Alicalapa Brigitte grondin-Perez Jean-pierre Chabriat University of La Reunion Saint Denis France

This paper proposes an economic performance optimization strategy for a PV plant coupled with a battery energy storage system. The case study of La Reunion Island, a non-interconnected zone (NIZ) with a high level of renewable energy sources (RES), is considered. This last decade, to reach the ambitious target of electricity autonomy by 2030 set by the local authorities, local and national plans have been launched to promote renewable energy sources integration that led to a noticeable development of photovoltaic (PV) systems. To avoid a decrease of the grid reliability due to a large integration of intermittent energy sources into a non-interconnected grid, the authorities have introduced new regulatory rules for RES producers. The proposed optimization strategy relies on these new regulatory rules and takes into account the energy market data, the amount of PV production subject to penalties for imbalance, the batteries and the PV technological characteristics together with a PV production forecast model. Due to its high convergence rate to the true global minimum and its perfect suitability to practical engineering optimization problems, the recently developed Modified Cuckoo Search algorithm is used as optimization algorithm. The effectiveness and relevance of the proposed strategy are assessed on experimental data collected on a real PV power plant. An economical analysis demonstrates that the proposed optimization strategy is able to fulfill the new regulatory rules requirements while increasing the economic performance of the system.

关键词： Power System Economic Analysis and Optimization PV Plant Battery Energy Storage System Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm

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SCREENING OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM REUNION ISLAND FOR ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015年第4期1卷 95-96页

作者： Ledoux Allison Cao Martine pierre-Eric Campos grondin Isabelle Smadja Jacqueline Frédérich Michel CIRM Laboratoire de pharmacognosie Université de Liège LCSNSA Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments Faculté des Sciences et Technologies-Université de La Réunion

According to the last World Malaria Report,there were an estimated 584 000 malaria deaths worldwide in *** problem of parasite resistance towards available medicines is *** products could play an important role to discover new antimalarial *** aim of the study was to highlight the anti-plasmodial properties of plants used in traditional medicine on the Mascarene Islands.85

关键词： SCREENING OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM REUNION ISLAND FOR ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY IC

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