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Monoaminergic and catecholaminergic activation of the central pattern generator for locomotion following spinal cord injury Innovative therapeutic approaches

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第10期4卷 796-800页

作者： Pierre A.Guertin Neuroscience Unit Laval University Medical Center(CHUL-CHUQ) Faculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyLaval University

The development of secondary health complications following spinal cord injury has been increasingly recognized by healthcare professionals as a major concern. These problems most specifically affect complete or near-complete spinal cord injury patients （e.g., those with minimal mobility）, who are not typically rehabilitated with treadmill training approaches, because motor control and leg movements are largely impaired. However, recent pharmaceutical advances in central pattern generator activation may provide new therapeutic hopes for these spinal cord injury patients. This article provides a comprehensive overview, for the non-specialist, of the most recent advances in this field.

关键词： central pattern generator locomotion spinal cord injury mice

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New pharmacological approaches against chronic bowel and bladder problems in paralytics

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2016年第1期5卷 1-6页

作者： Pierre A.Guertin Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences Laval University Laval University Medical Center (CHU de Québec - CHUL)

Spinal cord injury(SCI) leads generally to an irreversible loss of sensory functions and voluntary motor control below injury level. Cures that could repair SCI and/or restore voluntary walking have not been yet developed nor commercialized. Beyond the well-known loss of walking capabilities, most SCI patients experience also a plethora of motor problems and health concerns including specific bladder and bowel dysfunctions. Indeed, chronic constipation and urinary retention, two significant life-threatening complications, are typically found in patients suffering of traumatic(e.g., falls or car accidents) or non-traumatic SCI(e.g., multiple sclerosis, spinal tumors). Secondary health concerns associated with these dysfunctions include hemorrhoids, abdominal distention, altered visceral sensitivity, hydronephrosis, kidney failure, urinary tract infections, sepsis and, in some cases, cardiac arrest. Consequently, individuals with chronic SCI are forced to regularly seek emergency and critical care treatments when some of these conditions occur or become intolerable. Increasing evidence supports the existence of a novel experimental approach that may be capable of preventing the occurrence or severity of bladder and bowel problems. Indeed, recent findings in animal models of SCI have revealed that, despite paraplegia or tetraplegia, it remains possible to elicit episodes of micturition and defecation by acting pharmacologically or electrically upon specialized lumbosacral neuronal networks, namely the spinal or sacral micturition center(SMC) and lumbosacral defecation center(LDC). Daily activation of SMC and LDC neurons could potentially become, new classes of minimally invasive treatments(i.e., if orally active) against these dysfunctions and their many lifethreatening complications.

关键词： Prevention of intensive care problems Quality of care Temporary recovery of vital functions Micturition Defecation Spinal networks Central pattern generators

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New avenues for reducing intensive care needs in patients with chronic spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2016年第4期5卷 201-203页

作者： Pierre A.Guertin Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences Laval University Laval University Medical Center (CHU de Québec - CHUL)

Relatively soon after their accident, patients suffering a spinal cord injury(SCI) begin generally experiencing the development of significant, often life-threatening secondary complications. Many of which are associated with chronic physical inactivity-related immune function problems and increasing susceptibility to infection that repeatedly requires intensive care treatment. Therapies capable of repairing the spinal cord or restoring ambulation would normally prevent many of these problems but, as of now, there is no cure for SCI. Thus, management strategies and antibiotics remain the standard of care although antimicrobial resistance constitutes a significant challenge for patients with chronic SCI facing recurrent infections of the urinary tract and respiratory systems. Identifying alternative therapies capable of safe and potent actions upon these serious health concerns should therefore be considered a priority. This editorial presents some of the novel approaches currently in development for the prevention of specific infections after SCI. Among them, brain-permeable small molecule therapeutics acting centrally on spinal cord circuits that can augment respiratory capabilities or bladder functions. If eventually approved by regulatory authorities, some of these new avenues may potentially become clinically-relevant therapies capable of indirectly preventing the occurrence and/or severity of these lifethreatening complications in people with paraplegic or tetraplegic injuries.

关键词： Prevention of intensive care problems Quality of care Temporary recovery of vital functions Micturition Spinal networks Central pattern generators

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搬迁,保留,还是振兴?中国边远乡村的三种选择

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国际人才交流 2018年第9期 60-64页

作者： pierre S.guertin 董方源

党的十九大报告中强调要"实施乡村振兴战略",并提出了"产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕"的总体要求。2018年全国两会上,习近平总书记在参加山东代表团审议时再次强调,实施乡村振兴战略是一篇大文章,要统筹谋划,科学... 详细信息

党的十九大报告中强调要"实施乡村振兴战略",并提出了"产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕"的总体要求。2018年全国两会上,习近平总书记在参加山东代表团审议时再次强调,实施乡村振兴战略是一篇大文章,要统筹谋划,科学推进。本刊特开设"乡村振兴"栏目,诚邀中外专家学者共同探讨新时代实施乡村振兴战略的新思路、新理念,投稿邮箱:zuona@***。

关键词：乡村搬迁中国振兴战略乡风文明生活富裕科学推进专家学者

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