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Virtual brain twins: from basic neuroscience to clinical use

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 72-86页

作者： Huifang E.Wang Paul Triebkorn Martin Breyton Borana Dollomaja Jean-Didier Lemarechal Spase Petkoski pierpaolo Sorrentino Damien Depannemaecker Meysam Hashemi Viktor K.Jirsa Aix Marseille Université Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes(INS) UMR1106 Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance AP–HM

Virtual brain twins are personalized, generative and adaptive brain models based on data from an individual's brain for scientific and clinical use. After a description of the key elements of virtual brain twins,we present the standard model for personalized whole-brain network models. The personalization is accomplished using a subject's brain imaging data by three means:(1) assemble cortical and subcortical areas in the subject-specific brain space;(2) directly map connectivity into the brain models, which can be generalized to other parameters; and(3) estimate relevant parameters through model inversion, typically using probabilistic machine learning. We present the use of personalized whole-brain network models in healthy ageing and five clinical diseases: epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and psychiatric disorders. Specifically, we introduce spatial masks for relevant parameters and demonstrate their use based on the physiological and pathophysiological hypotheses. Finally, we pinpoint the key challenges and future directions.

关键词： virtual brain twin personalized modeling inference neuroscience brain disorder

Analysis of predictor equations for determining the blast-induced vibration in rock blasting

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 905-915页

作者： Marilena Cardu Dario Coragliotto pierpaolo Oreste DIATI Politecnico di Torino 10129 TorinoItaly IGG-CNR Torino 10129Italy Lochaline Quartz Sand Ltd. Lochaline MinePA805LQ MorvernScotlandUnited Kingdom

The paper proposes a new empirical correlation designed to complement the‘‘site laws"currently used to evaluate the attenuation in the rock masses of vibrations induced by rock *** formula contains a deformed exponential known as the K-exponential,which seems to well represent a large number of both natural and artificial phenomena ranging from astrophysics to quantum mechanics,with some extension in the field of economics and *** validation of the formula was performed via the analysis of vibration data covering a number of case studies,which differed in terms of both operation and rock type.A total of 12 experimental cases were analysed and the proposed formulation exhibited a good performance in 11 of *** particular,the proposed law,which was built using blast test data,produced very good approximations of the points representing the vibration measurements and would thus be useful in organising production ***,the developed formula was found to work less well when a correlation obtained for a given site was applied to another presenting similar types of rocks and operations,and thus should not be employed in the absence of measurements from test data.

关键词： Rock blasting Vibrations Predictor equation Site law K-statistics K-exponential

Systematic lossy error protection based on H.264/AVC redundant slices and flexible macroblock ordering

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 900-909页

作者： BACCICHET pierpaolo RANE Shantanu GIROD Bernd Information Systems Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

The authors propose a scheme for Systematic Lossy Error Protection (SLEP) of an H.264/AVC compressed video bit stream, using standard compatible features such as redundant slices, and flexible macroblock ordering. The systematic portion consists of a conventional H.264/AVC bit stream. For error resilience, an additional Wyner-Ziv bit stream is also transmitted. The Wyner-Ziv bit stream allows the decoding of a coarsely quantized description of the original video signal, and is efficiently gen- erated by using H.264/AVC redundant slices in conjunction with Reed-Solomon coding. The Wyner-Ziv bit stream is decoded in order to recover the redundant video descriptions, which are used in lieu of portions lost from the original video signal due to channel errors. SLEP allows the video quality to degrade gracefully with worsening channel conditions, and provides a flexible trade-off between the achieved error resilience and the coarseness of the redundant description. The performance can be improved especially for low motion video sequences, by applying SLEP to a region-of-interest in the video frame, using flexible macroblock ordering (FMO). Experimental results provided for two video transmission scenarios, demonstrate the advantages of SLEP over forward error correction (FEC) as an error resilience scheme.

关键词： Wyner-Ziv coding Distributed video coding Side information Systematic source-channel coding Redundant slices Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO)

A Note on Nonlinear Oscillations at Resonance

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1987年第4期3卷 351-361页

作者： pierpaolo Omari Fabio Zanolin Dipartimento

Existence of 2π-periodic solutions to the equation +g(x)=p(t) is proved,under sharpnonresonance conditions on the interaction of g(x)/x with two consecutive eigenvalues m2and (m+1)2:touch with the eigenvalues is allo... 详细信息

关键词： lim A Note on Nonlinear Oscillations at Resonance

Climate warming induced a stretch of the breeding season and an increase of second clutches in a passerine breeding at its altitudinal limits

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 9-17页

作者： Toni MINGOZZI pierpaolo STORINO Giampalmo VENUTO Alessandro MASSOLO Giacomo TAVECCHIA Department of Biology Ecology and Earth Sciences(DiBEST)University of CalabriaVia P.BucciRende 87036Italy Department of Biology Ethology UnitUniversity of PisaVia L.Ghini13Pisa 56126Italy UMR CNRS 6249 Chrono-environnement UniversiteBourgogne Franche-Comte16 Route de GrayBesanc¸on 25030France Animal Demography and Ecology Unit(GEDA-IMEDEA CSIC-UIB)C.M.MarquesEsporles 07190Spain

The increase in the average air temperature due to global warming has produced an early onset of the reproduction in many migratory birds of the Paleartic *** to the“mismatch hypothesis”this response can lead to a decrease in the breeding output when the conditions that trigger the departure from the wintering areas do not match the availability of food resources in the breeding *** used 653 brooding events registered during the period 1991–2013 to investigate the link between climatic variables and individual breeding performance of a partially migratory passerine,the Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia,breeding at the altitude limit of its *** laying date(LD)of the earliest first clutch was associated with local spring(minimum)temperatures but did not show a significant trend during the period *** LD of the latest first clutch had a positive and statistically significant trend,unrelated to local covariates and resulting in a longer breeding season(1.5 days/year).A longer breeding season allowed birds to produce more second clutches,which proportion increased from 0.14 to *** average breeding success was also positively correlated with the average temperature in July and with the duration of the breeding *** to expectations,the most important climate-dependent effect was a stretch of the breeding season due to a significant increase of the LD of the latest first-clutches rather than an earlier breeding *** show how climate changes act on bird populations through multiple paths and stress the need to assess the link between climatic variables and several aspects of the breeding cycle.

关键词： breeding phenology climate warming long-term study Petronia petronia reproductive success

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction,an effective tool for the determination of synthetic cannabinoids in oral fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第3期11卷 292-298页

作者： pierpaolo Tomai Alessandra Gentili Roberta Curini Rossella Gottardo Franco Tagliaro Salvatore Fanali Department of Chemistry Sapienza UniversityP.le Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly Department of Diagnostics and Public Health University of VeronaVeronaItaly and Institute of Translational Medicine and BiotechnologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Teaching Committee of Ph.D.School in Natural Science and Engineering University of Verona VeronaItaly

In the present work,dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction(DLLME)was used to extract six synthetic cannabinoids(JWH-018,JWH-019,JWH-073,JWH-200,or WIN 55,225,JWH-250,and AM-694)from oral fluids.A rapid baseline separation of the analytes was achieved on a bidentate octadecyl silica hydride phase(Cogent Bidentate C18;4.6 mm×250 mm,4μm)maintained at 37℃,by eluting in isocratic conditions(water:acetonitrile(25:75,V/V)).Detection was performed using positive electrospray ionization-tandem mass *** parameters affecting DLLME(pH and ionic strength of the aqueous phase,type and volume of the extractant and dispersive solvent,vortex and centrifugation time)were optimized for maximizing *** particular,using 0.5 mL of oral fluid,acetonitrile(1 mL),was identified as the best option,both as a solvent to precipitate proteins and as a dispersing solvent in the DLLME *** select an extraction solvent,a low transition temperature mixture(LTTM;composed of sesamol and chlorine chloride with a molar ratio of 1:3)and dichloromethane were compared;the latter(100μL)was proved to be a better extractant,with recoveries ranging from 73%to 101%by vortexing for 2 *** method was validated according to the guidelines of Food and Drug Administration bioanalytical methods:intra-day and inter-day precisions ranged between 4%and 18%depending on the spike level and analyte;limits of detection spanned from 2 to 18 ng/mL;matrixmatched calibration curves were characterized by determination coefficients greater than ***,the extraction procedure was compared with previous methods and with innovative techniques,presenting superior reliability,rapidity,simplicity,inexpensiveness,and efficiency.

关键词： Microextraction techniques Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction Illicit drugs Synthetic cannabinoids Silica C-based column

Assessing the effects of alternative fuel treatments to reduce wildfire exposure

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 373-386页

作者： Roghayeh Jahdi Liliana Del Giudice Massimo Melis Raff aella Lovreglio Michele Salis Bachisio Arca pierpaolo Duce Institute of BioEconomy(CNR IBE) National Research Council of ItalySassariItaly Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran Sardinia Forest Service LanuseiItaly Department of Agriculture University of SassariSassariItaly

Effective landscape-scale fuel management strategies are essential for reducing wildfire risk in Mediterranean fire-prone *** this study,the minimum travel time(MTT)fire-spread algorithm as implemented in FlamMap was applied to assess the potential of alternative fuel treatments for lowering wildfire losses in a 5,740-ha study area in eastern Sardinia,***-seven wildfires at 10-m resolution were simulated considering three wind speeds(15,18,and 21 km h-1)to compare fuel treatments:no treatment(NT),irrigated agroforestry areas with shrub clearing(T1),prescribed fire in eucalyptus stands(T2),and irrigated grasslands(T3).The simulations replicated a recent large wildfire that occurred in the study area(Orrìwildfire,2019)and considered the weather and fuel moisture conditions associated with this *** average wildfire exposure outputs(burned area,probability of burning,conditional flame length,potential crown fire occurrence,and surfaces withflame lengths above 2.5 m)decreased after fuel treatments,compared to no treatment.T1 was the most effective strategy in mitigating wildfire hazards and provided the most significant performance for several wildfire exposure *** only 0.5%of the study area(~30 ha)resulted in a decrease in all wildfire exposure metrics to~10%within the study *** addition,the total surface characterized by high flame length(average>2.5 m)was the lowest in the T1 *** study can help land and fire managers optimize fuel treatment opportunities and wildfire risk mitigation strategies in Mediterranean areas.

关键词： Fuel treatment strategies Fire prevention Mediterranean areas Minimum travel time(MTT) Wildfi re exposure

Takotsubo syndrome presenting with left bundle branch block in an *** hyponatremia a pathogeni c“common ground”?

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第8期19卷 622-625页

作者： Elpidio Santillo pierpaolo D’Onofrio Luciano Marini Demetrio Postacchini Lucio Cardinali Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit Geriatric-Rehabilitative DepartmentIRCCS-INRCAFermoItaly Geriatrics Unit Geriatric-Rehabilitative DepartmentIRCCS-INRCAFermoItaly

Takotsubo syndrome(TTS)is a cardiovas-cular condition characterized by a transi-ent cardiac dysfunction,generally invol-ving the apical segments of left ventriculum,in ab-sence of significant coronary artery disease.[1]It fre-quently affects postmenopausal women,following physical or psychological stress.[2]TTS often mimicks an acute myocardial infarction(AMI),presenting with symptoms as chest pain,dys-pnea,palpitations and,less commonly,pre-syncope and syncope.

关键词： acute cardiac coronary

Complete pancreatic heterotopia of gallbladder with hypertrophic duct simulating an adenomyoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1786-1787页

作者： Luca Pilloni Alessandro Cois Alessandro Uccheddu Rossano Ambu pierpaolo Coni Gavino Faa Istituto di Anatomia Patologica Dipartimento di Citomorfologia Universita degli Studi di CagliariItaly Semeiotica Chirurgica Dipartimento Chirurgico Materno Infantile e di Scienze delle Immagini Università degli Studi di CagliariItaly Istituto di Anatomia Patologica Dipartimento di Citomorfologia Università degli Studi di CagliariItaly

The gallbladder is an unusual location of pancreatic heterotopia, defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue lacking anatomical and vascular continuity with the main body of the gland. A 28-year-old man presented with anorexia, nausea and pain in the right upper abdomen. On physical examination, the abdomen was tender to palpation and Murphy sign was positive. The patient underwent a cholecystecomy. This case, in our opinion, is very interesting since it permits to consider a controversial issue in the pathology of the gallbladder. The histological appearance of ductal structure in pancreatic heterotopia resembles the histological picture of both Aschoff-Rokitansky （AR） sinuses and adenomyomas. This finding suggests that these lesions are linked by a common histogenetic origin. We suggest that the finding of an adenomyoma in the gallbladder should prompt an extensive sampling of the organ in order to verify the coexistence of pancreatic rests.

关键词： Pancreatic heterotopia Gallbladder Hypertrophic duct Adenomyoma Aschoff-Rokitansky sinuses