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Towards seamless environmental prediction-development of Pan-Eurasian EXperiment(PEEX)modelling platform

Big Earth Data 2024年第2期8卷 189-230页

作者： Alexander Mahura Alexander Baklanov Risto Makkonen Michael Boy Tuukka Petäjä Hanna KLappalainen Roman Nuterman Veli-Matti Kerminen Stephen R.Arnold Markus Jochum Anatoly Shvidenko Igor Esau Mikhail Sofiev Andreas Stohl Tuula Aalto Jianhui Bai Chuchu Chen Yafang Cheng Oxana Drofa Mei Huang Leena Järvi Harri Kokkola Rostislav Kouznetsov Tingting Li piero Malguzzi Sarah Monks Mads Bruun Poulsen Steffen M.Noe Yuliia Palamarchuk Benjamin Foreback Petri Clusiu Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen Jun She Jens Havskov Sørensen Dominick Spracklen Hang Su Juha Tonttila Siwen Wang Jiandong Wang Tobias Wolf-Grosse Yongqiang Yu Qing Zhang Wei Zhang Wen Zhang Xunhua Zheng Siqi Li Yong Li Putian Zhou Markku Kulmala Faculty of Science Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/PhysicsUniversity of Helsinki(UHEL)HelsinkiFinland Science and Innovation Department World Meteorological Organization(WMO)GenevaSwitzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Climate System Research Finnish Meteorological Institute(CSR-FMI)HelsinkiFinland School of Engineering Sciences Lappeenranta University of TechnologyLappeenrantaFinland Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK Biodiversity and Natural Resources Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA)LaxenburgAustria Department of Physics and Technology UiT-The Arctic University of NorwayTromsoNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center(NERSC) BergenNorway Atmospheric Composition Finnish Meteorological Institute(AC-FMI)HelsinkiFinland Norwegian Institute for Air Research(NILU) KjellerNorway LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IAP-CAS)BeijingChina Max Planck Institute for Chemistry(MPI-Chem) MainzGermany Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate National Research Council of Italy(CNR-15SAC)BolognaItaly Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research(IGSNRR) Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)BeijingChina Faculty of Science Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science(HELSUS)University of Helsinki(UHEL)HelsinkiFinland Atmospheric Research Centre of Eastern Finland Finnish Meteorological Institute(ARCEF-FMI)KuopioFinland Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAP-CAS)BeijingChina Department of Plant Physiology Estonian University of Life Sciences(EULS)Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(IAES)TartuEstonia Danish Meteorological Institute(DMI) CopenhagenDenmark State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)BeijingChina Uni

The Pan-Eurasian Experiment Modelling Platform(PEEX-MP)is one of the key blocks of the PEEX Research *** PEEX MP has more than 30 models and is directed towards seamless envir-onmental *** main focus area is the Arctic-boreal regions and *** models used in PEEX-MP cover several main components of the Earth’s system,such as the atmosphere,hydrosphere,pedosphere and biosphere,and resolve the physicalchemicalbiological processes at different spatial and temporal scales and *** paper introduces and discusses PEEX MP multi-scale modelling concept for the Earth system,online integrated,forward/inverse,and socioeconomical modelling,and other approaches with a particular focus on applications in the PEEX geographical *** employed high-performance com-puting facilities,capabilities,and PEEX dataflow for modelling results are *** virtual research platforms(PEEXView,Virtual Research Environment,Web-based Atlas)for handling PEEX modelling and observational results are *** over-all approach allows us to understand better physical-chemicalbiological processes,Earth’s system interactions and feedbacks and to provide valuable information for assessment studies on evaluating risks,impact,consequences,*** population,envir-onment and climate in the PEEX *** work was also one of the last projects of *** Zilitinkevich,who passed away on 15 February *** the finalization took time,the paper was actually submitted in 2023 and we could not argue that the final paper text was agreed with him.

关键词： Multi-scale and-processes modelling concept seamless coupling high-performance computing data infrastructure virtual research platforms

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Abdominal and gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Is imaging useful?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4143-4159页

作者： piero Boraschi Luigi Giugliano Giuseppe Mercogliano Francescamaria Donati Stefania Romano Emanuele Neri Department of Diagnostic Imaging Second Division of RadiologyAzienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana-University of PisaPisa 56124Italy Department of Radiology University of Naples“Federico II”Naples 80131Italy Department of Diagnostic Imaging Santa Maria delle Grazie HospitalNaples 80078Italy Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical TechnologiesUniversity of PisaPisa 56126Italy

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)can be considered a systemic disease with a specific tropism for the vascular system,in which the alterations of the microcirculation have an important pathogenetic *** lungs are the main organ involved in COVID-19,and severe progressive respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in the affected patients;however,many other organs can be involved with variable clinical *** abdominal manifestations,the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system are mainly affected,although the pancreas,urinary tract and spleen may also be *** most common gastrointestinal symptoms are loss of appetite,followed by nausea and vomiting,diarrhea and abdominal *** imaging findings include bowel wall thickening,sometimes associated with hyperemia and mesenteric thickening,fluid-filled segments of the large bowel and rarely intestinal pneumatosis and *** involvement manifests as an increase in the enzymatic levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyl transferase with clinical manifestations in most cases mild and *** most frequent radiological features are hepatic steatosis,biliary sludge and *** acute pancreatitis,kidney infarct and acute kidney injury from acute tubular necrosis have been described more rarely in ***,splenic involvement is characterized by splenomegaly and by the development of solitary or multifocal splenic infarcts with classic wedge shaped or even rounded morphology,with irregular or smooth *** summary,the abdominal radiological findings of COVID-19 are nonspecific and with poor pathological correlation reported in the *** and particularly computed tomography with multiphasic acquisition are the diagnostic methods mainly utilized in COVID-19 patients with abdominal clinical symptoms and *** radiological signs are not specific of abdom

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Abdominal findings Gastrointestinal findings Computed tomography Ultrasound

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Data-Driven Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Research with State-of-the-Art Synchrotron X-ray Techniques

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第8期3卷 854-865页

作者： Zhichen Xue Jizhou Li piero Pianetta Yijin Liu Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCalifornia 94025United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCalifornia 94025United States 1

CONSPECTUS:The lithium-ion battery(LIB)is a tremendously successful technology for energy storage thanks to its favorable characteristics including high energy density,long lifespan,affordability,and *** has been widely adopted in sectors including consumer electronics and electric vehicles,which are featured by an enormous market *** meet the ever-increasing demands for energy density and cycle life,industry and academia are continuously devoting efforts to improve the current LIB *** requires an in-depth understanding of the electrochemical reaction processes and degradation/failure mech-anisms,to which advanced characterization is *** advanced synchrotron X-ray techniques with machine learning(ML)methods has been demonstrated as a powerful tool for uncovering the fundamental reaction and aging mechanisms in LIB and is emerging as an important research *** group’s research has been focusing on the battery cathode,which is a major limiting factor in today’s LIB *** degradation and failure of cathode materials in LIB are *** chemo mechanical processes at these different length scales are intertwined and mutually ***,it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms of charge−lattice−morphology−kinetics interactions in battery cathodes as a function of the electrochemical *** X-ray technology has unique *** can detect lattice structure,electronic structure,chemical valence state,and multiscale morphology in different experimental modes,with high resolution and high ***,the large-scale experimental data bring great challenges in terms of reduction,analysis,and ***-driven methods based on ML can greatly assist researchers to understand,control,and predict the electrochemical behavior of the complex battery cathode *** this Account,we focus on showcasing the integration of synchrotron and ML techniques for LIB cathode res

关键词： battery Battery kinetics

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Pathogenic role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in primary biliary cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5746-5759页

作者： Ignazio Grattagliano Giuseppe Calamita Tiziana Cocco David Q-H Wang piero Portincasa Italian College of General Practitioners 50100 FlorenceBari 70124Italy Department of Bioscience Biotechnologyand Biopharmaceutics"Aldo Moro" University Medical SchoolBari 70124Italy Department of Basic Medical Science Neurosciencesand Sense Organs"Aldo Moro" University Medical SchoolBari 70124Italy Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologySaint Louis University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63104United States Clinica Medica "A.Murri" Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology"Aldo Moro" University Medical SchoolBari 70124Italy

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a multifactor autoimmune disease characterized by hepatic and systemic manifestations,with immune system dysregulation and abnormalities in the hepatic metabolism of bile salts,lipids,and nutrients,as well as destruction of membrane lipids and mitochondrial *** oxidative and nitrosative stress are associated with ongoing manifestations of the *** particular,abnormalities in nitric oxide metabolism and thiol oxidation already occur at early stages,thus leading to the hypothesis that these biochemical events play a pathogenic role in primary biliary ***,the association of these metabolic abnormalities with the progression of the disease may indicate some biochemical parameters as early diagnostic markers of disease evolution,and may open up the potential for pharmacological intervention to inhibit intra-and extra-cellular stress events for resuming hepatocellular *** following paragraphs summarize the current knowledge by outlining molecular mechanisms of the disease related to these stress events.

关键词： Aquaporins Bile salts Chronic cholestasis Glutathione Mitochondria Nitrosothiols Nitrotyrosine Protein sulfhydryls Thioredoxin

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on inflammatory bowel disease patients:A review of the current evidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第25期27卷 3748-3761页

作者： Marko Kumric Tina Ticinovic Kurir Dinko Martinovic piero Marin Zivkovic Josko Bozic Department of Pathophysiology University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Endocrinology University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia

Since the initial coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak in China in December 2019,the infection has now become the biggest medical issue of modern *** major contributors that amplified the impact of the disease and subsequently increased the burden on health care systems were high mortality among patients with multiple co-morbidities and overcapacity of intensive care *** the gastroenterology-related community,particular concern was raised with respect to patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),as those patients are prone to opportunistic infections mainly owing to their immunosuppressive-based ***,we sought to summarize current knowledge regarding COVID-19 infection in patients with ***,it seems that IBD is not a comorbidity that poses an increased risk for COVID-19 acquisition,except in patients treated with ***,outcomes of the infected patients are largely dependent on therapeutic modality by which they are treated,as some worsen the clinical course of COVID-19 infection,whereas others seem to dampen the detrimental effects of ***,we discussed the present and the future impact of COVID-19 pandemic and concomitantly increased health care burden on IBD-management.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

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Predictive factors of clinical response in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis treated with granulocyte-monocyte apheresis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第14期17卷 1831-1835页

作者： Valeria D'Ovidio Donatella Meo Angelo Viscido Giampaolo Bresci piero Vernia Renzo Caprilli Department of Clinical Sciences Gastrointestinal UnitPoliclinico Umberto IUniversity of Rome"La Sapienza"Viale del Policlinico 155Rome 00161Italy Gastrointestinal Unit Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria PisanaPisa 56100Italy

AIM:To identify factors predicting the clinical response of ulcerative colitis patients to granulocyte-monocyte apheresis (GMA). METHODS:Sixty-nine ulcerative colitis patients (39 F,30 M) dependent upon/refractory to steroids were treated with GMA. Steroid dependency,clinical activity index (CAI),C reactive protein (CRP) level,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),values at baseline,use of immunosuppressant,duration of disease,and age and extent of disease were considered for statistical analysis as predictive factors of clinical response. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. RESULTS:In the univariate analysis,CAI (P = 0.039) and ESR (P = 0.017) levels at baseline were singled out as predictive of clinical remission. In the multivariate analysis steroid dependency [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.390,95% Confidence interval (CI):0.176-0.865,Wald 5.361,P = 0.0160] and low CAI levels at baseline (4 < CAI <7) (OR = 0.770,95% CI:0.425-1.394,Wald 3.747,P = 0.028) proved to be effective as factors predicting clinical response. CONCLUSION:GMA may be a valid therapeutic option for steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis patients with mild-moderate disease and its clinical efficacy seems to persist for 12 mo.

关键词： Granulocyte-monocyte apheresis Ulcerative colitis Steroid therapy Long-term follow-up Predictive factors

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Biochemical mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury:Certainties and doubts

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第39期15卷 4865-4876页

作者： Ignazio Grattagliano Leonilde Bonfrate Catia V Diogo Helen H Wang David QH Wang piero Portincasa Clinica Medica "A.Murri" Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Medicina PubblicaUniversity of Bari Medical School Department of Zoology Center for Neurosciences and Cell BiologyUniversity of Coimbra Department of Medicine Liver Center and Gastroenterology DivisionBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Diseases Center

Drug-induced liver injury is a significant and still unresolved clinical problem. Limitations to knowledge about the mechanisms of toxicity render incomplete the detection of hepatotoxic potential during preclinical development. Several xenobiotics are lipophilic substances and their transformation into hydrophilic compounds by the cytochrome P-450 system results in production of toxic metabolites. Aging, preexisting liver disease, enzyme induction or inhibition, genetic variances, local 02 supply and, above all, the intrinsic molecular properties of the drug may affect this process. Necrotic death follows antioxidant consumption and oxidation of intracellular proteins, which determine increased permeability of mitochondrial membranes, loss of potential, decreased ATP synthesis, inhibition of Ca^2＋-dependent ATPase, reduced capability to sequester Ca^2＋ within mitochondria, and membrane bleb formation. Conversely, activation of nucleases and energetic participation of mitochondria are the main intracellular mechanisms that lead to apoptosis. Non-parenchymal hepatic cells are inducers of hepatocellular injury and targets for damage. Activation of the immune system promotes idiosyncratic reactions that result in hepatic necrosis or cholestasis, in which different HLA genotypes might play a major role. This review focuses on current knowledge of the mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury and recent advances on newly discovered mechanisms of liver damage. Future perspectives including new frontiers for research are discussed.

关键词： Adverse effects Apoptosis Drug toxicity Liver diseases Microsomes Mitochondria Necrosis

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Chapter 3 Extra-galactic gamma-ray sources

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第3期46卷 63-84页

作者： Xiang-Yu Wang Xiao-Jun Bi Zhen Cao piero Vallania Han-Rong Wu Da-Hai Yan Qiang Yuan School of Astronomy and Space Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Strada Osservatorio 2010025 Pino Torinese(TO)Italy and INFN Sezione di TorinoVia P.Giuria 110125 TorinoItaly Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Yunnan ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China

Extra-galactic gammaray sources,such as gamma-ray bursts,active galactic nuclei,starburst galaxies,are interesting and important targets for LHAASO *** this chapter,the prospects of detecting these sources with LHAASO and their physical implications are *** upgrade plan for the Water Cherenkov Detector Array(WCDA),which aims to enhance the detectability of relatively lower energy photons,is also *** addition,a study on constraining the extragalactic background light with LHAASO observation of blazars is presented.

关键词： AGN Gamma-rays GRBs

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Impact of comorbidities on the severity of chronic hepatitis B at presentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第14期18卷 1616-1621页

作者： Evangelista Sagnelli Tommaso Stroffolini Alfonso Mele Michele Imparato Caterina Sagnelli Nicola Coppola piero Luigi Almasio Department of Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples80132 NaplesItaly Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Policlinico Umberto I00161 RomeItaly Laboratory of Epidemiology Clinical Epidemiology UnitIstituto Superiore di Sanità00161 RomeItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery "F.Magrassi e A.Lanzara" Second University of Naples80132 NaplesItaly Gastroenterology Unit University of Palermo90127 PalermoItaly

AIM:To evaluate the clinical relevance of each cofactor on clinical presentation of chronic hepatitis ***:Out of 1366 hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) positive subjects consecutively observed in 79 Italian hospitals,53(4.3%) showed as the only cofactor hepatitis D virus(HDV) infection [hepatitis B virus(HBV)/HDV group],130(9.5%) hepatitis C virus(HCV)(group HBV/HCV),6(0.4%) human immunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)(group HBV/HIV),138(10.2%) alcohol abuse(group HBV/alcohol);109(8.0%) subjects had at least two cofactors and 924 were in the cofactor-free(CF) ***:Compared with patients in group CF those in group HBV/alcohol were older and more frequently had cirrhosis(P < 0.001),those in group HBV/HDV were younger(P < 0.001),more frequently resided in the south of the country and had cirrhosis(P <0.001),those in group HBV/HCV were older(P < 0.001) and more frequently had cirrhosis(P < 0.001).These cofactors were all independent predictors of liver cirrhosis in HBsAg positive *** analysis showed that an older age [odds ratio(OR) 1.06,95% CI:1.05-1.08],alcohol abuse with more than 8 drinks daily(OR 2.89,95% CI:1.81-4.62) and anti-HDV positivity(OR 3.48,95% CI:2.16-5.58) are all independently associated with liver *** association was found also for anti-HCV positivity in univariate analysis,but it was no longer associated(OR 1.23,95% CI:0.84-1.80) at multivariate ***:Older age,HDV infection and alcohol abuse are the major determinants of severe liver disease in chronic HBV infection,while HCV replication plays a lesser role in the severity of hepatic damage.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus dual infection Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus dual infection Alcohol abuse

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Assessing the Performance of a Three Dimensional Hybrid Central-WENO Finite Difference Scheme with Computation of a Sonic Injector in Supersonic Cross Flow

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2012年第6期4卷 719-736页

作者： Wai-Sun Don Antonio de Gregorio Jean-piero Suarez Gustaaf B.Jacobs Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Aerospace Engineering&Engineering Mechanics San Diego State University5500 Campanile Drive San DiegoCA 92182USA

A hybridization of a high order WENO-Z finite difference scheme and a high order central finite difference method for computation of the two-dimensional Euler equations first presented in[*** and ***,***.,204(2)(2007)]is extended to three-dimensions and for parallel *** Hybrid scheme switches dynamically from a WENO-Z scheme to a central scheme at any grid location and time instance if the flow is sufficiently smooth and vice versa if the flow is exhibiting sharp shock-type *** smoothness of the flow is determined by a high order multi-resolution *** method is tested on a benchmark sonic flow injection in supersonic cross *** of the order of the method reduces the numerical dissipation of the underlying schemes,which is shown to improve the resolution of small dynamic vortical *** are captured sharply in an essentially non-oscillatory manner via the high order shockcapturing WENO-Z *** of the injector flow with a WENO-Z scheme only and with the Hybrid scheme are in very close *** percent of grid points require a computationally expensive WENO-Z scheme for highresolution capturing of shocks,whereas the remainder of grid points may be solved with the computationally more affordable central *** computational cost of the Hybrid scheme can be up to a factor of one and a half lower as compared to computations with a WENO-Z scheme only for the sonic injector benchmark.

关键词： Weighted essentially non-oscillatory central difference multi-resolution hybrid shock injector

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