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Mesoscale interplay among composition heterogeneity,lattice deformation,and redox stratification in single-crystalline layered oxide cathode

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eScience 2024年第4期4卷 96-102页

作者： Zhichen Xue Feixiang Wu Mingyuan Ge Xiaojing Huang Yong SChu piero Pianetta Yijin Liu School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA 94025USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryBuilding 743 Ring RoadUptonNY 11973USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Single-crystalline layered oxide materials for lithium-ion batteries are featured by their excellent capacity retention over their polycrystalline counterparts,making them sought-after cathode *** capacity degradation,however,becomes more severe under high-voltage cycling,hindering many high-energy *** has long been speculated that the interplay among composition heterogeneity,lattice deformation,and redox stratification could be a driving force for the performance *** underlying mechanism,however,is not *** this study,we use X-ray microscopy to systematically examine single-crystalline NMC particles at the *** technique allows us to capture detailed signals of diffraction,spectroscopy,and fluorescence,offering spatially resolved multimodal *** on early high-voltage charging cycles,we uncover heterogeneities in valence states and lattice structures that are inherent rather than caused by electrochemical *** heterogeneities are closely associated with compositional variations within individual *** findings provide useful insights for refining material synthesis and processing for enhanced battery longevity and efficiency.

关键词： Single-crystalline layered oxide cathode Composition heterogeneity Lattice deformation Redox stratification

Growth differentiation factor-15 serum concentrations reflect disease severity and anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1899-1910页

作者： Ante Tonkic Marko Kumric Ivna Akrapovic Olic Doris Rusic piero Marin Zivkovic Daniela Supe Domic Zeljko Sundov Ivan Males Josko Bozic Biology of Neoplasms University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Pathophysiology University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Pharmacy University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Health Studies University of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Internal Medicine University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Surgery University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia

BACKGROUND Population of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is burdened by various extraintestinal manifestations which substantially contribute to greater morbidity and ***-differentiation factor-15(GDF-15)is often overexpressed under stress conditions,such as inflammation,malignancies,heart failure,myocardial ischemia,and many *** To explore the association between GDF-15 and IBD as serum concentrations of GDF-15 were shown to be an independent predictor of poor outcomes in multiple *** additional aim was to determine possible associations between GDF-15 and multiple clinical,anthropometric and laboratory parameters in patients with *** This cross-sectional study included 90 adult patients diagnosed with IBD,encompassing both Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),and 67 healthy age-and sex-matched *** patients underwent an extensive workup,including colonoscopy with subsequent histopathological *** activity was assessed by two independent gastroenterology consultants specialized in IBD,employing well-established clinical and endoscopic scoring ***-15 serum concentrations were determined following an overnight fasting,using electrochemiluminescence *** In patients with IBD,serum GDF-15 concentrations were significantly higher in comparison to the healthy controls[800(512-1154)pg/mL vs 412(407-424)pg/mL,P<0.001],whereas no difference in GDF-15 was found between patients with CD and UC[807(554-1451)pg/mL vs 790(509-956)pg/mL,P=0.324].Moreover,multiple linear regression analysis showed that GDF-15 levels predict CD and UC severity independent of age,sex,and C-reactive protein levels(P=0.016 and P=0.049,respectively).Finally,an association between GDF-15 and indices of anemia was ***,negative correlations were found between GDF-15 and serum iron levels(r=-0.248,P=0.021),as well as GDF-15 and hemoglobin(r=-0.351,P=0.021).Accordingly,in comparison to I

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Growth-differentiation factor-15 Anemia Extraintestinal manifestations

Can rifaximin for hepatic encephalopathy be discontinued during broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 115-119页

作者： Chien-Hao Huang piero Amodio Division of Hepatology Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyChang-Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou Medical CenterTaoyuan 333Taiwan Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of PaduaPadova 35122Italy

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a formidable complication in patients with decompensated cirrhosis,often necessitating the administration of rifaximin(RFX)for effective ***,is a gut-restricted,poorly-absorbable oral rifamycin derived antibiotic that can be used in addition to lactulose for the secondary prophylaxis of *** has shown notable reductions in infection,hospital readmission,duration of hospital stay,and ***,limited data exist about the concurrent use of RFX with broad-spectrum antibiotics,because the patients are typically excluded from studies assessing RFX efficacy in HE.A pharmacist-driven quasi-experimental pilot study was done to address this *** argue against the necessity of RFX in HE during broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment,particularly in critically ill patients in intensive care unit(ICU).The potential for safe RFX discontinuation without adverse effects is clearly illuminated and valuable insight into the optimization of therapeutic strategies is *** findings also indicate that RFX discontinuation during broadspectrum antibiotic therapy was not associated with higher rates of delirium or coma,and this result remained robust after adjustment in multivariate ***,rates of other secondary clinical and safety outcomes,including ICU mortality and 48-hour changes in vasopressor requirements,were ***,since the activity of RFX is mainly confined to the modulation of gut microbiota,its potential utility in patients undergoing extensive systemic antibiotic therapy is debatable,given the overlapping antibiotic ***,this suggests that the action of RFX on HE is class-specific(related to its activity on gut microbiota),rather than drug-specific.A recent double-blind randomized controlled(ARiE)trial provided further evidence-based support for RFX withdrawal in critically ill cirrhotic ICU patients receiving broad-spectrum *** studies prompt further discussion about

关键词： Rifaximin discontinuation Hepatic encephalopathy Broad-spectrum antibiotics Crit-ically ill Medical intensive care unit Pharmacist-driven protocol

Antioxidant treatment for oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and varicocele:a DBPC trial to evaluate the impact of age and body mass index

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 239-244页

作者： Gian Maria Busetto Bernarde F Rodrigues Ashraf Virmani Andrea Checchia Antonella Ninivaggi Anna Ricapito Giovanni Barbieri piero Fischetti Ugo G Falagario Pasquale Annese Nicola d’Altilia Vito Mancini Matteo Ferro Felice Crocetto Angelo Porreca Carlo Bettocchi Luigi Cormio Ashok Agarwal Giuseppe Carrieri University of Foggia Foggia 71122Italy Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Policlinico of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy Department of Urology Human Reproduction SectionFederal University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil Alfasigma Healthscience Utrecht 3528 BGThe Netherlands Urology Unit “G.Tatarella”HospitalCerignola 71042Italy Urology Unit European Institute of Oncology(IEO)IRCCSMilan 20142Italy University of Naples Federico II Naples80126Italy Department of Oncological Urology Veneto Institute of Oncology(IOV)IRCCSPadua 35039Italy Urology Unit “L.Bonomo”HospitalAndria 70031Italy Global Andrology Forum Moreland HillsOH 44022USA

Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms responsible for male *** conditions such as varicocele,obesity,advanced age,and lifestyle can lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species,causing an oxidative imbalance in the *** are sensitive to reactive oxygen species and require energy to carry out their main function of fertilizingthe *** reactive oxygen species can affect sperm metabolism,leading to immobility,impaired acrosome reaction,and celldeath,thereby impairing reproductive *** double-blind randomized study evaluated the effect of supplementation withL-carnitine,acetyl-L-carnitine,vitamins,and other nutrients on semen quality in 104 infertile patients with or without varicocele,while also investigating the impact of factors such as obesity and advanced age on *** concentration significantlyincreased in the supplemented group compared to the placebo group(P=0.0186).Total sperm count also significantly increasedin the supplemented group(P=0.0117),as did sperm motility(P=0.0120).The treatment had a positive effect on patients upto 35 years of age in terms of sperm concentration(P=0.0352),while a body mass index(BMI)above 25 kg m^(−2) had a negativeeffect on sperm concentration(P=0.0110).Results were not showing a net benefit in stratifying patients in accordance withtheir BMI since sperm quality increase was not affected by this *** conclusion,antioxidant supplementation may bebeneficial for infertile patients and has a more positive effect on younger patients with a normal weight.

关键词： aging antioxidants body mass index oligoasthenoteratozoospermia varicocele

Immune neutropenias of infancy and childhood

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第2期12卷 142-148页

作者： piero Farruggia Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit Oncology DepartmentA.R.N.A.S.Ospedali CivicoDi Cristina e BenfratelliPalermoItaly

Background:Anti-neutrophil antibodies are a wellrecognized cause of neutropenia,producing a potential increase in risk of infection:in the majority of patients antibodies react against antigens located on the IgG Fc receptor type 3b(FcRIIIb),but other target antigens have been *** sources:In this review the most important papers of auto and alloimmune neutropenias of infancy and childhood were ***,Google Scholar and Thompson ISI Web of Knowledge were searched for identifying relevant ***:Primary autoimmune neutropenia of infancy is mostly a benign condition with self-limited course,whereas isolated alloimmune neonatal neutropenia or secondary autoimmune neutropenia may be occasionally complicated by severe ***:Granulocyte colony stimulating factor is an effective therapy for patients affected by all types of autoimmune and alloimmune neutropenia,even though most of them do not need any therapy.

关键词： immune infancy neutropenia

Mounting evidence of FKBP12 implication in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2195-2202页

作者： Gabriella Caminati piero Procacci Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff” University of FlorenceSesto FiorentinoItaly Center for Colloid and Surface Science(CSGI) University of FlorenceSesto FiorentinoItaly

Intrinsically disordered proteins, such as tau or α-synuclein, have long been associated with a dysfunctional role in neurodegenerative diseases. In Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s’ diseases, these proteins, sharing a common chemical-physical pattern with alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains rich in prolines, abnormally aggregate in tangles in the brain leading to progressive loss of neurons. In this review, we present an overview linking the studies on the implication of the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase domain of immunophilins, and notably FKBP12, to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the molecular origin of such a role. The involvement of FKBP12 dysregulation in the aberrant aggregation of disordered proteins pinpoints this protein as a possible therapeutic target and, at the same time, as a predictive biomarker for early diagnosis in neurodegeneration, calling for the development of reliable, fast and cost-effective detection methods in body fluids for community-based screening campaigns.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease biomarker detections FKBP12 FK506 binding protein neurodegeneration Parkinson’s disease tau protein α-synuclein

Advanced methodologies for the cleaning of works of art

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 2162-2182页

作者： CASINI Andrea CHELAZZI David BAGLIONI piero CSGI and Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff” University of FlorenceSesto FiorentinoFlorence 50019Italy Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff”and CSGI University of FlorenceSesto FiorentinoFlorence 50019Italy

Cultural heritage assets constitute a fundamental socioeconomic resource,but the actual works of art need to be maintained,counteracting degradation processes,to transfer these benefits to future *** particular,the removal of soil,aged coatings,and vandalism/overpaints is one of the most needed interventions in art *** cleaning methodologies,based on classical solution and polymer chemistry,only grant limited control of the cleaning interventions,with the risk of affecting the original components of the artifacts,and often involving the use of toxic or non-environmentally friendly ***,materials science,colloids,and soft matter have provided valuable and safe solutions in the last *** review provides a selection of the most recent and advanced methodologies for the wet cleaning of works of art,spanning from nanostructured cleaning fluids(microemulsions,surfactants swollen micelles)to physical and chemical *** new methodologies work on different physico-chemical mechanisms,such as processes for detaching/dewetting,to selectively remove the unwanted layers in sustainable and cost-effective *** best performing systems,like microemulsions confined in“twin-chain”polyvinyl alcohol gels,have been assessed in the cleaning of masterpieces such as works by Pablo Picasso,Jackson Pollock and Roy *** attention is dedicated to“green”chemistry systems,using low-toxicity solvents or bio-based/waste materials to build gel ***,current trends and future perspectives are given,showing that advanced systems for art cleaning link with transversal fields of crucial importance even beyond Cultural heritage conservation,e.g.,detergency,tissue engineering,drug-delivery,food industry and cosmetics.

关键词： cleaning conservation cultural heritage gels microemulsions surfactants colloids nanoscience

Does antecolic reconstruction decrease delayed gastric emptying after pancreatoduodenectomy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第45期18卷 6527-6531页

作者： Nadia Peparini piero Chirletti Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma H 00043 RomeItaly Department of Surgical Sciences Sapienza University of Rome00161 RomeItaly

Delayed gastric emptying(DGE) is a frequent complication after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy(PpPD).Kawai and colleagues proposed pylorus-resecting pancreatoduodenectomy(PrPD) with antecolic gastrojejunal anastomosis to obviate DGE occurring after *** we debate the reported differences in the prevalence of DGE in antecolic and retrocolic gastro/duodeno-jejunostomies after PrPD and PpPD,*** concluded that the route of the gastro/duodeno-jejunal anastomosis with respect to the transverse colon;i.e.,antecolic route or retrocolic route,is not responsible for the differences in prevalence of DGE after pancreatoduodenectomy(PD) and that the impact of the reconstructive method on DGE is related mostly to the angulation or torsion of the gastro/*** report a prevalence of 8.9% grade A DGE and 1.1% grade C DGE in a series of 89 subtotal stomach-preserving PDs with Roux-en Y retrocolic reconstruction with anastomosis of the isolated Roux limb to the stomach and single Roux limb to both the pancreatic stump and hepatic *** anastomosis of the isolated first jejunal loop to the gastric remnant allows outflow of the gastric contents by gravity through a "straight route".

关键词： Antecolic reconstruction Retrocolic recon-struction Pancreatoduodenectomy Pylorus-preservingpancreatoduodenectomy Delayed gastric emptying

Interferon β-1a alone or in combination with ribavirin: A randomized trial to compare efficacy and safety in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第29期11卷 4484-4489页

作者： Rinaldo Pellicano Antonio Craxì piero Luigi Almasio Mario Valenza Giovanna Venezia Alfredo alberti Silvia Boccato Luigi Demelia Orazio Sorbello Antonino Picciotto Francesco Torre Gaetano Ideo Carlo Cattaneo Mara Berrutti Mario Rizzetto U.O.A.D.U. Gastro-Hepatology S. Giovanni Battista (Molinette) Hospital Turin Italy Venezia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Palermo Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of Padua Italy Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Cagliari Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Italy Department of Hepatology San Giuseppe Hospital Milan Italy U.O.A.D.U. Gastro-Hepatoiogy S. Giovanni Battista (Molinette) Hospital Turin Italy

AIM： To compare the efficacy and safety of recombinant human IFN β-la alone or in combination with ribavirin in treatment-naive subjects with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS： Open, randomized trial was performed in 6 Italian tertiary centers： 102 of the 108 patients screened were randomized to receive 6 MIU of recombinant human IFN β-la subcutaneously daily for 24 wk, alone （Group 1, n = 51） or in combination with ribavirin 1 000 to 1 200 mg/d （Group 2, n = 51）. RESULTS： The end-of-treatment virologic response rate was 29.4% in Group 1 and 41.2% in Group 2 （nonsignificant）. Twenty-four weeks after stopping therapy, sustained virologic response rate was 21.6% in Group 1 and 27.4% in Group 2 （non-significant）. All subjects in Group 1 completed treatment, while two subjects in Group 2 stopped therapy due to treatment-related adverse events. CONCLUSION： Recombinant human IFN β-la, alone or in combination with ribavirin, has an excellent safety profile and, may represent an alternative for chronic hepatitis C patients who are unable to tolerate pegylated α-interferon.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C IFN β-1a Ribavirin