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Effect of Stabilizers and Storage Time on the Quality of Tomato Sauce

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第1期13卷 27-35页

作者： Kouch Sothakong Hor Rathna Ek Sopheap THENG Kouch Chay chim Faculty of Agro-industry Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries Phnom Penh 12300Cambodia

The experiment was conducted at laboratory of the faculty of Agro-industry,royal University of Agriculture,locating in Phnom Penh city,commenced from August to October,*** single factor CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 6 treatments and 3 *** the 7 ingredients were used such as tomato,sugar,salt,onion,bell pepper,sodium benzoate and vinegar,with or without *** processing,the sauce was kept in room temperature to observe the self-life and the variation of nutrients contain in 8 *** chemical compositions in the sauce were analyzed to identify the variation during storing in the temperature *** the findings showed that the pH value,Total soluble solids and Color(L,A&B)of all treatments has decreased in 8th week comparing to starting point,while the Total acids *** comparing among the 6 treatments,after the products have produced(w0),all the chemical compositions in group T0 containing the lowest,exception of Fat and Color(L).When the self-life up to eight weeks,all the composition parameters were statistically different(except for Moisture,Ash,Dry Mass,and Fat).For identification the Bacteria presenting showed that there was no present in first day of self-life until the first *** present of bacteria were detected from 2nd week to 8th week,excepted *** CFU of T0 had the lowest number of colonies,while T3 had the highest *** the same time,we found that the number of colonies decreases with the age of storage(self-life),which means that at the beginning of growing in the second week,it had higher amount(from 2.10 to 2.69 of CFU as log);while this number decreased with the shelf life up to 8 weeks,which is between 0 to 2.35.

关键词： Self-life chemical compositions bacteria CFU.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Violence among Primary and Secondary School Workers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第3期12卷 225-241页

作者： Marthe Sandrine Sanon Lompo Issa Traoré Yannick Wilfried Boenzemwende Ninkéma Guiegui-Kouamé chimène Pulcherie Constant Gouba Adama François Ouédraogo Souka Gaston Kaboré Arouna Ouédraogo Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Dpartement de Sant Publique Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Suprieur des Sciences de la Sant Dpartement de Sant Publique Universit Nazi Boni Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Unit de Formation et de Recherche Sciences mdicales Universit Flix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Office de Sant des Travailleurs Service de Pathologies Professionnelles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Violence is a major problem in today’s workplace. It affects workers in all sectors of activity. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with violence among primary and secondary school staff in Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study that took place from April 22, 2020 to February 18, 2021 in primary and secondary schools in Ouagadougou. It focused on the educational staff of these establishments. Results: A total of 362 agents took part in the study. The average age of participants was 36.5 ± 6.89 years. The sex ratio was 1.62 men to one woman. The majority of workers were teachers, with 300 participants (82.87%). The average job tenure was 7 years ± 6.91 years. With regard to violence in the workplace, 87 workers were victims, representing a prevalence of 24.03%. Of these workers, 59 (67.81%) were men and 36 (41.38%) had less than six years’ experience. Acts of violence were predominantly pushing observed in 15 workers (50%), while shouting and aggressive tone dominated psychological violence and concerned 54 cases (36.24%). On univariate analysis, the factors associated with violence were age (p = 0.046) and type of establishment (p = 0.012). On multivariate analysis, only the nature of the establishment was the only factor associated with the occurrence of violence among teaching staff (OR = 2.3690, p = 0.0213). Conclusion: The prevalence of violence is high in these educational establishments. Age and type of establishment are factors associated with its occurrence. It is therefore necessary to develop an effective strategy for preventing this risk in the workplace.

关键词： Violence Prevalence Factors Workers Ouagadougou

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Modified optical remote sensing algorithms for the Pearl River Estuary

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第4期9卷 732-741页

作者： Man-Chung chim Jiayi PAN Wenfeng LAI Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

This study aims to develop new algorithms to retrieve sea surface parameters including concentrations of Chlorophyll a （Chl a） and Suspended Particulate Matter （SPM）, and absorbance of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter （aCDOM） by incorporating the contribution of red bands to make them more adaptable to case 2 waters. Optical remote sensing algorithms have demonstrated efficient retrieval of Chl a, SPM, and aCDOM, yet they are not very accurate especially for coastal areas. It has also been found that the default algorithm has overestimated Chl a in the Pearl River Estuary, and shown poor correlation for CDOM absorbance. By incorporating the red band ratios into the algorithm, a correction effect has been shown, which improves the accuracy of quantifying the actual concentration. Modeling and data fitting of the algorithm have been done based on 61 data samples collected in the Pearl River estuary during a cruise from 3 to 11 May 2014. The study also attempts to modify the aerosol correction bands used in SeaDAS to prevent saturation of these bands. The modified algorithms showed an R-Square value of 0.7289 for Chl a fitting, and 0.7338 for CDOM fitting, and corrected overestimation of Chl a concentration in the Pearl River estuary.

关键词： optical remote sensing algorithm Pearl River Estuary

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Sensory Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Aromatic Rice Accessions Cultivated in Benin

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 195-206页

作者： chimène Nadège Mahoussi Nanoukon Koffi David Montcho Hambada Deless Edmond Fulgence Thiémélé Bignon Meyrix Pamela Franzel Loumedjinon Babatoundé Franel Carel Wenceslas Affolabi Amed Sèmèvo Havivi Kéllya Laurinzo Déguénon Grâce Finagnon Vitoekpon Arielle Bankole Lambert Gustave Djedatin Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Applied to Genomics National School of Applied Biosciences and Bio-technologies National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Dassa-Zoumè Benin Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Applied to Genomics National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Dassa-Zoumè Benin Laboratory of Plant Horticultural and Forestry Sciences National University of Agriculture Kétou Benin Genetics Teaching and Research Unit Department of Biochemistry-Genetics Peleforo GON COULIBALY University Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire

Rice is one of the most widely cultivated cereals in the world, and its aroma is increasingly in demand. With the advancement of research, a major rice flavor gene has been identified on rice chromosome 8. It encodes non-functional betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase leading to the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline which is the major olfactory compound that confers the fragrant character to rice. The aroma of rice is considered a special trait of enormous economic importance that determines the prime price in world trade. To satisfy the needs of the population and reduce rice imports into Benin, we conducted this study to identify aromatic rice accessions grown in Benin. Seventy-two rice accessions collected across Benin were PCR amplified with three SSR markers RM 7049, Aro 7, and RM 223, linked to the fgr (fragrance of rice) aroma gene. Molecular analysis revealed that 12 of the 72 accessions, namely Bagou 19, Bagou 22, Tchaka 34, Foun 15, Tchaka 41, Nana 32, Kan 61, Kung 69, Kung 67, Bagou 20, Agbab 101 and Koum 55 possess the fgr gene and can be considered as aromatic rice accessions. A sensory phenotypic test using KOH was carried out on rice accessions carrying fgr gene. Of the twelve positives, only one had the smell of aromatic rice, like the Azucena control. These results show that Benin also has aromatic rice varieties that can be sold on national and international markets.

关键词： Aromatic Rice 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline SSR Markers Benin

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Pediatric upper extremity firearm injuries:an analysis of demographic factors and recurring mechanisms of injury

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 527-535页

作者： D.Spencer Nichols Mitsy Audate Caroline King David Kerekes Harvey chim Ellen Satteson University of Florida College of Medicine.Gainesville FL.USA Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.University of Florida College of Medicine100138GainesvilleFL 32610USA

Background Little is known regarding risk factors specific to pedialric upper extremity firearm *** purpose of this study is to evaluate pediatric patients treated for these injuries to identify at-risk populations and recurring mechanisms of *** A 20-year retrospective review was *** 17 years of age and younger,with upper extremity injuries related to a firearm,were *** involved Fisher's exact and Chi-square *** One hundred and eighty patients were *** mean age was 12.04±4.3 *** included patients were male(85%).Interestingly,females were more frequently victims of assault(P=0.03),and males were more frequently injured due to accidental discharge(Proximal injuries(P=0.003).Air rifes were the most common firearm type used(56%).Pistols were implicated in 47(26%)cases,rifles in 17(9%),*** in 10(6%).Ninety-nine(55%)patients had procedures in the operating *** most frequent procedure was foreign body removal(55%).Conclusions Risk factors such as male sex,W hite-not Hispanic or Latino race/ethnicity,and adolescent age were attributed to increased risk for *** sex was associated with increased risk of injury by accidental discharge and female sex with intentional *** rifles were the most common firearm type overall,although female sex was associated with increased risk for injury by powder weapon.

关键词： Firearm Injury Pediatric Trauma Upper extremity

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Deoxyelephantopin induces roS-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第3期10卷 120-135页

作者： chim-Kei Chan Kind-Leng Tong Pooi-Fong Wong Habsah Abdul Kadir Biomolecular Research Group Biochemistry ProgramInstitute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To systematically map the stepwise events leading to deoxyelephantopin-induced cell death of HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells and evaluate the effectiveness of deoxyelephantopin in ***:HCT116 cells were treated with deoxyelephantopin at various concentrations and time *** was confirmed by the detection of autophagosomes and autophagosomal proteins by electron microscopy and Western blotting assays,respectively,and then validated by siRNA *** addition,apoptosis was confirmed by the detection of apoptosis-related *** intracellular reactive oxygen species(roS)level was measured using flow *** growth inhibitory effect of deoxyelephantopin was further evaluated in vivo using a mouse xenograft ***:Deoxyelephantopin firstly elevated roS production,which then triggered autophagic flux with the accumulation of autophagosomal proteins including LC3 A/B,ATG5,and ATG7,followed by the induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic and extrinsic ***-treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine,a roS inhibitor,reversed both apoptosis and *** knockdown of LC3 prevented apoptosis induction which confirmed that deoxyelephantopin induced autophagy-dependent apoptosis in HCT116 *** of roS also activated apoptosis via the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling ***,deoxyelephantopin also inhibited the PI3 K/AKT/mTOR pathway,which then released the inhibition of *** vivo study further showed that deoxyelephantopin significantly suppressed the growth of HCT116 subcutaneous xenograft in nude ***:Our findings revealed that deoxyelephantopin elevates oxidative stress and induces roS-dependent autophagy followed by apoptosis in HCT116 cells via the concerted modulation of multiple signaling *** findings further support the development of deoxyelephantopin as a therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.

关键词： Deoxyelephantopin Autophagy PI3K mTOR Colorectal cancer MAPK

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Advances in lower extremity peripheral nerve surgery

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 513-528页

作者： Anna Garbuzov Ramin Shekouhi D.Spencer Nichols Harvey chim University of Queensland-Ochsner Clinical School JeffersonLA 70121USA College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaFL 32610USA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaFL 32610USA Lilian S.Wells Department of Neurosurgery University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaFL 32610USA

Peripheral nerve injury(PNI)is a common source of pain and disability in *** many patients are affected by PNI,peripheral nerve surgery advancements in the lower extremity have lagged behind the upper ***,principles that have demonstrated success in the upper extremity have been implemented in the lower *** with recent advances include the advent of novel nerve transfers in the lower extremity and using stem cells and electrical stimulation(ES)for nerve *** article focuses on advances in nerve transfers for lower extremity PNI and provides details on the basic science and clinical applications of newer interventions.

关键词： Stem cells peripheral nerve surgery nerve transfer electrical stimulation nerve repair nerve regeneration

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An unsupervised learning approach to study synchroneity of past events in the South China Sea

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第3期13卷 628-640页

作者： Kevin C. Tse Hon-chim Chiu Man-Yin Tsang Yiliang Li Edmund Y. Lam Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Department of Geography and Centre for Geo-computation Studies Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Earth Sciences University of TorontoCanada Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Unsupervised machine learning methods were applied on multivariate geophysical and geochemical datasets of ocean floor sediment cores collected from the South China Sea. The well-preserved and continuous core samples comprising high resolution Cenozoic sediment records enable scientists to carry out paleoenvironment studies in detail. Bayesian age-depth chronological models constructed from biostratigraphic control points for the drilling sites are applied on cluster boundaries generated from two popular unsupervised learning methods: K-means and random forest. The unsupervised learning methods experimented have produced compact and unambiguous clusters from the datasets, indicating that previously unknown data patterns can be revealed when all variables from the datasets are taken into account simultaneously. A study of synchroneity of past events represented by the cluster boundaries across geographically separated ocean drilling sites is achieved through converting the fixed depths of cluster boundaries into chronological ranges represented by Gaussian density plots which are then compared with known past events in the region. A Gaussian density peak at around 7.2 Ma has been identified from results of all three sites and it is suggested to coincide with the initiation of the East Asian monsoon. Contrary to traditional statistical approach, a priori assumptions are not required for unsupervised learning, and the clustering results serve as a novel data-driven proxy for studying the complex and dynamic processes of the paleoenvironment surrounding the ocean sediment. This work serves as a pioneering approach to extract valuable information of regional events and opens up a systematic and objective way to study the vast global ocean sediment datasets.

关键词： machine learning ocean sediments unsupervised classification

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Evolution of local perforator flaps in lower extremity reconstruction

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第12期6卷 1-13页

作者： Rachel Cohen-Shohet Mariel McLaughlin David Kerekes Harvey chim Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608USA

Lower extremity reconstruction is challenging for a variety of *** techniques for soft tissue coverage continue to *** free flaps are always an option,free flaps require significant microsurgical expertise,a proficient staff,advanced equipment,and a patient with a somewhat healthy ***,as microsurgery has evolved,so has the identification of new anatomy and new techniques-namely,perforator based pedicled *** flaps have expanded options for lower extremity reconstruction,and continue to advance the field of *** purpose of this article is to review the evolution of perforator based pedicled flaps in the lower extremity,review the anatomy,and offer examples of design and indications.

关键词： Perforator flaps lower extremity reconstruction soft tissue coverage

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Unsupervised learning on scientific ocean drilling datasets from the South China Sea

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第1期13卷 180-190页

作者： Kevin C.TSE Hon-chim CHIU Man-Yin TSANG Yiliang LI Edmund Y.LAM Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Department of Geography and Centre for Geo-computation Studies Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Earth Sciences University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 2M8Canada Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Unsupervised learning methods were applied to explore data patterns in multivariate geophysical datasets collected from ocean floor sediment core samples coming from scientific ocean drilling in the South China *** to studies on similar datasets,but using supervised learning methods which are designed to make predictions based on sample training data,unsupervised learning methods require no a priori information and focus only on the input *** this study,popular unsupervised learning methods including K-means,self-organizing maps,hierarchical clustering and random forest were coupled with different distance metrics to form exploratory data *** resulting data clusters were externally validated with lithologic units and geologic time scales assigned to the datasets by conventional methods. Compact and connected data clusters displayed varying degrees of correspondence with existing classification by lithologic units and geologic time scales.K-means and self-organizing maps were observed to perform better with lithologic units while random forest corresponded best with geologic time *** study sets a pioneering example of how unsupervised machine learning methods can be used as an automatic processing tool for the increasingly high volume of scientific ocean drilling data.

关键词： machine learning unsupervised learning ODP IODP clustering

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