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Teenagers’Sexual Behavior in Sweden, Europe

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2005年第3期16卷 157-166页

作者： lars I Holmberg Dan Hellberg Child Health Unit Falun Hospital Sweden Center for Clinical Research Dalarna Falun Sweden Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

Objective To investigate the development of sexuality from early to late adolescence, and to compare girls and boys of different ages Methods A cross sectional survey in all schools was performed covering all pupils between 13 and 18 years of age that were in school when the survey was conducted. A validated instrument, Q90, created for use in teenagers was distributed in the class- rooms to 3 216 teenagers. Q90 covers 30 questions about body development and sexual behavior. non-response was insignificant （n=19; 0.6%）. Results Pubertal development was considered “early” or “late” by about 50% of both boys and girls. Eighty percent of the 13 to 15 years old boys and girls had had a romance and 30% had experience of sexual cuddling （petting）, while significantly more girls than boys had sexual intercourse （18% vs 13%; odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-1.9）. The difference between girls and boys remained in those being 16-18 years old, where 63% of the girls and 53% of the boys （odds ratio 1.5, 95% CIJ.2-1.9） admitted having intercourse. Mean age at first intercourse was 14.9 and 15 years, respectively. At 16-18 years of age, 23% of the sexually active girls, as compared with 25% of the boys estimated that they had had 6 or more sexual partners. About 30% of the adolescents, irrespective of age and gender, did not use contraceptives at their first and latest intercourse. Eight percent of the older girls had been pregnant, and they had an increased history of sexually transmitted infections, as compared with the boys （6.2% vs 2.7%, odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.0）. Conclusion Exploring sexuality and experimentation is a normal behavior in adolescence. The results of this study, however, indicate that there are substantial groups of teenagers who practice sexual risk-taking. In addition to general sexual education, programs should also be directed to define sexual risks and its consequences.

关键词： sexual behavior adolescents

(Un)intended Effects of hi-tech Modern Societies leading to Physical Inactivity——and how to overcome

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(Un)intended Effects of hi-tech Modern Societies leading to ...

Observation of a single protein by ultrafast X-ray diffraction

2015第十届全国体育科学大会

作者： Jens Troelsen lars Breum Christiansen Charlotte Klinker Henriette Bondo Andersen Charlotte Pawlowski Jasper Schipperijn University of Southern Denmark

Physical inactivity poses a threat to public health. next to smoking physical inactivity is considered to be one of the top challenges to overcome in the 21 st century. Promoting Active Living is a way forward overcoming this challenge. Active Living is about how we integrate physical activity into our everyday living – during work, leisure and transportation. Active living is a way of life that incorporates physical activity into your everyday routines, such as walking to the store or biking to work. To promote an active living lifestyle we need to do better urban planning, we need to redesign buildings;we need to rethink our traffic infrastructure. In general, we need to reconfigure our built environment. For seniors this means age-friendly cities with for example many safe pedestrian crossings and benches to make a short break. For the working age population we must offer flexible solutions making it easy toexercise during the working day, setting up walk’n’meetingsor just taking the stairs instead of the elevator. For children we have to build schools and daycarecenters with appealing physical environment and trained staff to introduce the children to funny, motivating, active learning spaces. The presentation will give examples of active living environment and present result from research projects carried out by the Research Unit for Active Living. The Active Living Research Unit has developed substantial methodological knowledge on how to collect andanalyse objective measurements based on combined accelerometer- and GPS-data. By merging data we are able to detect intensity and duration of physical activity in an everyday settings, and additional geo-coded where the physical activity or inactivity takes place. Examples of domain analyses are presented illustrating how and where physical activity is distributed in relation to leisure, occupation, education, and transportation domains. More detailed sub-domain analyses will also be included illustrating the use o

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 80-90页

作者： Tomas Ekeberg Dameli Assalauova Johan Bielecki Rebecca Boll Benedikt J.Daurer Lutz A.Eichacker Linda E.Franken Davide E.Galli Luca Gelisio lars Gumprecht Laura H.Gunn Janos Hajdu Robert Hartmann Dirk Hasse Alexandr Ignatenko Jayanath Koliyadu Olena Kulyk Ruslan Kurta Markus Kuster Wolfgang Lugmayr Jannik Lübke Adrian P.Mancuso Tommaso Mazza Carl nettelblad Yevheniy Ovcharenko Daniel E.Rivas Max Rose Amit K.Samanta Philipp Schmidt Egor Sobolev nicusor Timneanu Sergey Usenko Daniel Westphal Tamme Wollweber Lena Worbs Paul Lourdu Xavier Hazem Yousef Kartik Ayyer Henry n.Chapman Jonas A.Sellberg Carolin Seuring Ivan A.Vartanyants Jochen Küpper Michael Meyer Filipe R.n.C.Maia Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3(Box 596)SE-75124 UppsalaSweden Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 8522607 HamburgGermany European XFEL Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Diamond Light Source Harwell Science&Innovation CampusDidcot OX110DEUK University of Stavanger Centre Organelle ResearchRichard-Johnsensgate 44021 StavangerNorway Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology(HPI) Centre for Structural Systems BiologyNotkestraße 8522607 HamburgGermany Dipartimento di Fisica“Aldo Pontremoli” Universitàdegli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 1620133 MilanoItaly Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY22607 HamburgGermany Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA PnSensor GmbH Otto-Hahn-Ring 6D-81739 MünchenGermany Biomedical and X-Ray Physics Department of Applied PhysicsAlbaNova University CenterKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10691 StockholmSweden ELI Beamlines/IoP Institute of Physics AS CR v.v.i.Na Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic Multi-User CryoEM Facility Centre for Structural Systems BiologyNotkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE) Martinistrasse 5220246 HamburgGermany The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging Universität HamburgLuruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Department of Physics Universität HamburgLuruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia Division of Scientific Computing Science for Life LaboratoryDepartment of Information TechnologyUppsala UniversityBox 337SE-75105 UppsalaSweden European Molecular Biology Laboratory c/o DESYNotkestrasse 8522607 HamburgGermany Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityBox 516SE-75120 UppsalaSweden Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGe

The idea of using ultrashort X-ray pulses to obtain images of single proteins frozen in time has fascinated and inspired *** was one of the arguments for building X-ray free-electron *** to theory,the extremely intense pulses provide sufficient signal to dispense with using crystals as an amplifier,and the ultrashort pulse duration permits capturing the diffraction data before the sample inevitably *** was first demonstrated on biological samples a decade ago on the giant *** then,a large collaboration has been pushing the limit of the smallest sample that can be *** ability to capture snapshots on the timescale of atomic vibrations,while keeping the sample at room temperature,may allow probing the entire conformational phase space of *** we show the first observation of an X-ray diffraction pattern from a single protein,that of Escherichia coli GroEL which at 14 nm in diameter is the smallest biological sample ever imaged by X-rays,and demonstrate that the concept of diffraction before destruction extends to single *** the pattern,it is possible to determine the approximate orientation of the *** experiment demonstrates the feasibility of ultrafast imaging of single proteins,opening the way to single-molecule time-resolved studies on the femtosecond timescale.

关键词： smallest intense ultrafast

气候变化对西北欧大气氮沉降的影响:一种模型研究

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2008年第1期37卷 8-16页

作者： lars Hole Magnuz Engardt 张秋英挪威大气研究所斯德哥尔摩大学

一种高分辨率化学传输模型,受代表目前和未来气候的气象学因子所驱动,被用来调查未来可能的气候变化对欧洲西北部大气氮沉降的影响。虽然对气象学参数和化学物质构成的时空可变性方面存在低估问题,但该模型系统能够解决北欧地区20世纪8... 详细信息

一种高分辨率化学传输模型,受代表目前和未来气候的气象学因子所驱动,被用来调查未来可能的气候变化对欧洲西北部大气氮沉降的影响。虽然对气象学参数和化学物质构成的时空可变性方面存在低估问题,但该模型系统能够解决北欧地区20世纪80年代期间观测的降水气候学和化学特性。结果表明,随着降水量的增加,挪威西部的氮沉降有实质性的增长(大概30%左右),但是其它区域变化比较平缓。氮氧化物的沉降增加得比还原氮的多。在整个瑞典,虽然预测的年降水量同样是增加的,但是氮氧化物沉降增加得很少,同时还原氮呈下降趋势。这可能是因为挪威海岸降水量强烈增加,更多的还原氮将在斯堪的纳维亚的西部被转移。预计整个挪威的氮氧化物沉降总量将从当前气候条件下的96Gg n/a增加到2100年的107Ggn/a,此增加量仅因气候变化而引发。瑞典的相应数值则很和缓,从137Ggn/a增加到139Gg n/a。

关键词：大气氮沉降气候变化传输模型西北欧年降水量化学特性氮氧化物斯堪的纳维亚

Association between Depression, Pressure Pain Sensitivity, Stress and Autonomous nervous System Function in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease: Impact of Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第8期6卷 317-328页

作者： Søren Ballegaard natasha Bergmann Benny Karpatschof Jesper Kristiansen Finn Gyntelberg lars Arendt-nielsen Per Bech Åke Hjalmarson Jens Faber Department of Endocrinology Herlev Hospital Herlev Denmark Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark The national Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Psychiatric Research Unit Psychiatric Centre North Zealand University of Copenhagen Hillerod Denmark Department of Cardiology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark

Background: Depression and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are associated with persistent stress and autonomic nervous system (AnS) dysfunction. The former can be measured by pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) of the sternum, and the latter by the PPS and systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to a tilt table test (TTT). Beta-blocker treatment reduces the efferent beta-adrenergic AnS function, and thus, the physiological stress response. Objective: To test the effect of beta-blockers on changes in depression score in patients with IHD, as well as the influence on persistent stress and AnS dysfunction. Methods: Three months of non-pharmacological intervention aiming at reducing PPS and depression score in patients with stable IHD. Beta-blocker users (n = 102) were compared with non-users (n = 75), with respect to signs of depression measured by the Major Depressive Inventory questionnaire (MDI), resting PPS, and PPS and SBP response to TTT. Results: MDI score decreased 30% in non-users (p = 0.005) compared to 4% (p > 0.1) among users (between-group p = 0.003;effect size = 0.4). Resting PPS decreased in both the groups. Among most vulnerable patients with MDI ≥ 15, reductions in MDI score and resting PPS score correlated in non-users, only (r = 0.69, p = 0.007). Reduction in resting PPS correlated with an increase in PPS and SBP response to TTT. Conclusions: Stress intervention in patients with IHD was anti-depressive in non-users, only. Similarly, the association between the reduction in depression, reduction in persistent stress, and restoration of AnS dysfunction was only seen in non-users, suggesting a central role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the association between these factors.

关键词： Chronic Stress Depression Autonomic nervous System Systolic Blood Pressure Pain Sensitivity Beta-Blockers Ischemic Heart Disease

“21世纪的食物”:寻找增进食物链可持续性的措施和工具的研究计划

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2005年第4期34卷 269-276页

作者： Rune Andersson Bo Algers lars Bergstrm Kerstin Lundstrm Thomas nybrant Per-Olow Sjdén 张德亮 "21世纪的食物"项目管理小组瑞典农业科学大学瑞典农业大学土壤科学系瑞典农业大学食品科学系瑞典农业大学生物医学和工程系乌普萨拉大学公共健康和护理学系

"21世纪的食物",是一项包括整个农业食物链的跨学科研究计划,于1997～2004年在瑞典实施。该研究所面临的挑战是为整个食物链中存在的不可持续的活动提出环境分析工具和解决方案。这需要科学家和食物链利益相关人紧密合作。本文提出了一... 详细信息

"21世纪的食物",是一项包括整个农业食物链的跨学科研究计划,于1997～2004年在瑞典实施。该研究所面临的挑战是为整个食物链中存在的不可持续的活动提出环境分析工具和解决方案。这需要科学家和食物链利益相关人紧密合作。本文提出了一整套以可持续食物生产为特征的目标方案。综合和系统分析是用来分析拟定变化的可持续性的主要工具。在本文中我们对"21世纪的食物"的概念进行概述,同时着重说明一些结论。例如,我们发现:就环境影响和产品质量而言,总体上来说,有机农业及其产品并不比常规的产品和方法优越。项目所采用的一些管理经验非常独特,这也是项目成功完成的重要原因,所以本文中我们对此也进行了总结。

关键词：可持续性 21世纪分析工具食物链产品质量环境影响有机农业跨学科研究食物生产系统分析

波罗的海欧鳟(Salmo trutta)患M74综合症鲑鱼(Salmo salar)的生殖失调比较

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人类环境杂志 1999年第1期28卷 87-91页

作者： Peter Landergren lars Vallin lars Westin Patric Amcoff Hans Brjeson Bjarne Ragnarsson 续曙光瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学系瑞典农业科学大学兽医药学院瑞典鲑鱼研究所 Alvkarleby渔业研究站

瑞典哥特兰的Ar实验室在1994～1998年间的研究结果揭示了海欧鳟没有与波罗的海大西洋鲑鱼生殖失调类似的疾病。雌性卵黄囊鱼苗的死亡率从没超过11%,卵黄囊鱼苗的硫胺平均浓度(5.5±1.4nmol/g;n=20)大大超过受M74综合症影响的波罗的海鲑... 详细信息

瑞典哥特兰的Ar实验室在1994～1998年间的研究结果揭示了海欧鳟没有与波罗的海大西洋鲑鱼生殖失调类似的疾病。雌性卵黄囊鱼苗的死亡率从没超过11%,卵黄囊鱼苗的硫胺平均浓度(5.5±1.4nmol/g;n=20)大大超过受M74综合症影响的波罗的海鲑鱼鱼苗的阈值(0.31～0.34nmol/g;n=20)。对有眼基胚胎的虾青素分析表明其水平高于其后发育成患M74综合症的鱼苗。然而波罗的海鲑鱼胚胎低于Vanern湖和瑞典西海岸的Lagan河和Gotaalv河鲑鱼种群的水平。哥特兰鲑鱼所产胚胎中的类胡罗卜素总含量(mg类胡罗卜素/kg)随雌鱼体重的减小而明显降低。瑞典Ava河的波罗的海鲑鱼的卵黄囊鱼苗的死亡率在1992年出现高峰值(35±20%)。此外,波罗的海沿岸的3条河(Dalalven河,Indalsalven河,Umealven河)的海鳟鱼生殖失调的情况也已被报道。本文讨论了波罗的海鳟鱼和鲑鱼的生活史差别以及对波罗的海鳟鱼卵黄囊期鱼苗死亡率的较低影响。

关键词：波罗海欧鳟鳟鱼鲑鱼 M74综合症生殖失调

参与式管理解决冲突:遥感和GIS用作瑞典北部驯鹿业土地利用需求信息交流的工具

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2003年第8期32卷 553-562页

作者： Per Sandstrm Tina Granqvist Pahlén lars Edenius Hans Tφmmervik Olle Hagner Leif Hemberg Hkan Olsson Karin Baer Thomas Stenlund lars Gran Brandt Mikael Egberth 周立志程利群于默奥的SLU大学遥感实验室于默奥瑞典农业大学的遥感实验室挪威特罗姆瑟(Tromsφ)的挪威自然研究所威康敏娜地区林业委员会瑞典于默奥农业大学

在解决复杂的土地管理问题时,对短缺或者有争执的资源进行地理评估有助于不同利益相关者之间沟通认识和增进理解。本文中,我们说明如何使用遥感和GIS收集和汇总瑞典北部驯鹿放牧者和其他土地使用者(林业、采矿业、旅游业等等)的土地使... 详细信息

在解决复杂的土地管理问题时,对短缺或者有争执的资源进行地理评估有助于不同利益相关者之间沟通认识和增进理解。本文中,我们说明如何使用遥感和GIS收集和汇总瑞典北部驯鹿放牧者和其他土地使用者(林业、采矿业、旅游业等等)的土地使用活动及使用模式的信息。该项目主要基于最终的土地使用者,即驯鹿放牧者们所做的工作,体现了面向土地使用者的新的努力。发展驯鹿业的土地利用规划的基础有以下几个方面:收集并数字化传统的驯鹿栖息地生态学和景观信息;将这些信息与来自野外调查及基于人造卫星观测的植被分类结果整合;绘制其他土地使用者的活动情况图。最终的土地利用规划提供的信息有利于驯鹿放牧者与其他利益相关者之间的磋商,并有助于驯鹿管理实施。该项目可作为一种大众参与和计划编制的模式,从而使本土信息和先进的遥感技术融入一个交互式的过程中。

关键词：土地使用者鹿业旅游业需求信息土地利用北部瑞典驯鹿放牧收集

受多氯联苯污染的Jrnsjn湖治理前后野生鲈鱼的生理与形态学研究

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人类环境杂志 1998年第5期27卷 418-424页

作者： lars Frlin Leif norrgren 聂晶磊 Department Swedish

Jarnsjon湖位于瑞典南部的埃姆河支流,过去受到造纸厂含多氯联苯(PCB)污水的污染。本文应用生理学和形态学方法研究了被PCB污染的底泥清除前与清除后鲈鱼(Perca fluviatilis)的健康状况。在整治前,以形态学为特征,通过鳃和肝损伤的生物... 详细信息

Jarnsjon湖位于瑞典南部的埃姆河支流,过去受到造纸厂含多氯联苯(PCB)污水的污染。本文应用生理学和形态学方法研究了被PCB污染的底泥清除前与清除后鲈鱼(Perca fluviatilis)的健康状况。在整治前,以形态学为特征,通过鳃和肝损伤的生物化学和生理学效应研究了PCB污染的Jarnsjon湖中鲈鱼。发现了一个预料之外的非响应性系统——鲈鱼肝的EROD-CYPlA系统。这个结果似乎表明,仅有PCB的污染并不能解释这个观察结果。在清除PCB活动2年以后,鲈鱼又健康地生活在Jarnsjon湖中。但是,一些来自埃姆河下游地区的雌性鲈鱼表现出严重的性腺不正常。这个结果可能表明,Jarnsjon湖中的这些鲈鱼除整治理活动之外,还受到其它因素的影响。

关键词：多氯联苯野生钙鱼生理形态学湖泊污染污染治理比较分析