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Economic analysis of atmospheric mercury emission control for coal-fired power plants in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 125-134页

作者： Maria pia Ancora Lei Zhang Shuxiao Wang Jeremy Schreifels Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex

Coal combustion and mercury pollution are closely linked, and this relationship is particularly relevant in China, the world＇s largest coal consumer. This paper begins with a summary of recent China-specific studies on mercury removal by air pollution control technologies and then provides an economic analysis of mercury abatement from these emission control technologies at coal-fired power plants in China. This includes a cost-effectiveness analysis at the enterprise and sector level in China using 2010 as a baseline and projecting out to 2020 and2030. Of the control technologies evaluated, the most cost-effective is a fabric filter installed upstream of the wet flue gas desulfurization system（FF ＋ WFGD）. Halogen injection（HI） is also a cost-effective mercury-specific control strategy, although it has not yet reached commercial maturity. The sector-level analysis shows that 193 tons of mercury was removed in 2010 in China＇s coal-fired power sector, with annualized mercury emission control costs of 2.7 billion Chinese Yuan. Under a projected 2030 Emission Control（EC） scenario with stringent mercury limits compared to Business As Usual（BAU） scenario, the increase of selective catalytic reduction systems（SCR） and the use of HI could contribute to 39 tons of mercury removal at a cost of 3.8 billion CNY. The economic analysis presented in this paper offers insights on air pollution control technologies and practices for enhancing atmospheric mercury control that can aid decision-making in policy design and private-sector investments.

关键词： Atmospheric mercury Coal-fired power plants China Cost-effectiveness Activated carbon and halogen injection

Craving variations in patients with substance use disorder and gambling during COVID-19 lockdown:The Italian experience

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第3期10卷 882-890页

作者： Maria Chiara Alessi Giovanni Martinotti Domenico De Berardis Antonella Sociali Chiara Di Natale Gianna Sepede Daniela pia Rosaria Cheffo Laura Monti Pietro Casella Mauro Pettorruso Stefano Sensi Massimo Di Giannantonio Department of Neuroscience ImagingClinical SciencesUniversity G.d'AnnunzioChieti-Pescara 66100Italy Department of Pharmacy PharmacologyClinical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireHertfordshire AL109ABUnited Kingdom National Health Care System Mazzini HospitalTeramo 64100Italy Department of Mental Health UOS Psicologia Ospedaliera Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSSRome 00118Italy Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services ASL Roma 1Rome 00118Italy

BACKGROUND Following the development of the coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)pandemic in Italy,a strict lockdown was imposed from March 9 to May 5,2020.The risks of self-medication through alcohol or psychoactive substance abuse were increased,as well as the tendency to adopt pathological behaviors,such as gambling and internet addiction.AIM To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated containment measures on craving in a group of patients suffering from substance use disorder and/or gambling disorder who were in treatment in outpatient units or in residency programs as inpatients.METHODS One hundred and fifty-three patients completed a structured questionnaire evaluating craving and other behaviors using a visual analogue scale(VAS).Forty-one subjects completed a pencil and paper questionnaire during the interview.The clinician provided an online questionnaire to 112 patients who had virtual assessments due to lockdown restrictions.Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica version 8.0.Quantitative parameters are presented as the mean±SD and qualitative parameters as number and percentage per class.The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check for normality of distributions.Analysis of variance and Duncan post hoc test were employed to analyze differences among subgroup means.The associations between variables were measured using Pearson's correlation.A P value of<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS The variation in craving between the present and the month before showed VASrelated reductions of craving in 57%,increases in 24%,and no significant change in 19%of the sample.The level of craving was significantly higher(F=4.36;P<0.05)in outpatients(n=97;mean=3.8±3.1)living in their own home during the quarantine compared with inpatients(n=56;mean=2.8±2.8)in residential programs.Craving for tetrahydrocannabinol was the greatest(4.94,P<0.001)among various preferred substances.CONCLUSION The unexpected result of this study may be explained by a perceived lack of availability of substan

关键词： Substance use disorder Addiction COVID-19 Craving Psychopathology

Methodological impact of starch determination on starch content and ileal digestibility of starch in grain legumes for growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 459-466页

作者： Dagmar Jezierny Rainer Mosenthin Nadja Sauer Klaus Schwadorf pia Rosenfelder-Kuon University of Hohenheim Institute of Animal ScienceEmil-Wolff-Strasse 1070599 StuttgartGermany Agricultural Analytic andResearch Institute Speyer Obere Langgasse 4067346 SpeyerGermany University of Hohenheim Core Facility HohenheimEmil-Wolff-Strasse 1270599 StuttgartGermany

Background： Grain legumes represent a valuable energy source in pig diets due to their high starch content. The present study was conducted to determine the content and apparent ileal digestibility（AID） of starch in different grain legume cultivars for pigs by means of both a polarimetric and enzymatic method for starch determination.Methods： Three experiments were conducted with six barrows each which were fitted with ileal T-cannulas. In total, 18 diets including six different cultivars of faba beans（Vicia faba L.） and peas（Pisum sativum L.）, five different cultivars of lupins（Lupinus luteus L., Lupinus angustifolius L.）, and one diet with a soybean meal（SBM） were fed.Results： The starch content of faba beans and peas was greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） when determined polarimetrically than enzymatically（438 vs. 345 g/kg dry matter（DM） in faba beans and 509 vs. 390 g/kg DM in peas, respectively）.Considerable lower starch contents were obtained in lupins and SBM, with 82 and 48 g/kg DM（analyzed polarimetrically） and ＆lt;1.1 and 3 g/kg DM（analyzed enzymatically）, respectively. Mean values for contents of neutral detergent fiber（NDF） and acid detergent fiber（ADF） in grain legumes ranged from 111 and 79 g/kg DM in peas to248 and 207 g/kg DM in lupins, respectively. Contents of condensed tannins in the colored flowered faba bean cultivars ranged from 2.1 to 7.4 g/kg DM. The AID of starch was greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） in pea than in faba bean cultivars,and using the polarimetric starch determination method resulted in greater（P ＆lt; 0.05） digestibility values than using enzymatic starch analysis（84 vs. 80% in faba beans and 86 vs. 83% in peas）. Moreover, AID of starch differed（P ＆lt; 0.05）within pea cultivars and starch digestibility in faba beans decreased linearly（P ＆lt; 0.05） as the content of condensed tannins increased. However, there was no relationship between contents of NDF and ADF and AID of starch in pea and faba bean cultivars.Conclusion： Both contents and AID of starch in grain legumes can vary as influenced by the anal

关键词： Grain legumes Growing pigs Ileal starch digestibility Starch determination method

An Eco-Route Planner for Heavy Duty Vehicles

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第1期8卷 37-51页

作者： Maria pia Fanti Agostino Marcello Mangini Alfredo Favenza Gianvito Difilippo the Department of Electric and Information Engineering University Polytechnic of BariBariItaly Links Foundation TurinItaly the company AutoLogS BariItaly

Driving style,traffic and weather conditions have a significant impact on vehicle fuel consumption and in particular,the road freight traffic significantly contributes to the CO2 increase in atmosphere.This paper proposes an Eco-Route Planner devoted to determine and communicate to the drivers of Heavy-Duty Vehicles(HDVs)the eco-route that guarantees the minimum fuel consumption by respecting the travel time established by the freight companies.The proposed eco-route is the optimal route from origin to destination and includes the optimized speed and gear profiles.To this aim,the Cloud Computing System architecture is composed of two main components:the Data Management System that collects,fuses and integrates the raw external sources data and the Cloud Optimizer that builds the route network,selects the eco-route and determines the optimal speed and gear profiles.Finally,a real case study is discussed by showing the benefit of the proposed Eco-Route planner.

关键词： profile An Eco-Route Planner for Heavy Duty Vehicles

The measure of friction angles for different types of granular material

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第4期16卷 769-777页

作者： DEGANUTTI Andrea Maria TECCA pia Rosella GENEVOIS Rinaldo CNR-IRPI Department of Geosciences University of Padova

The aim of this research is to deepen the knowledge of the role of friction on the dynamics of granular media; in particular the friction angle is taken into consideration as the physical parameter that drives stability, motion and deposition of a set of grains of any nature and size. The idea behind this work is a question: is the friction angle really that fundamental and obvious physical parameter which rules stability and motion of granular media as it seems from most works which deal with particle dynamics? The experimental study tries to answer this question with a series of laboratory tests, in which different natural and artificial granular materials have been investigated in dry condition by means of a tilting flume. The characteristic friction angles, both in deposition(repose) and stability limit(critical) conditions, were measured and checked against size, shape, density and roughness of the considered granular material. The flume tests have been preferred to "classical" geotechnical apparatuses(e.g. shear box) since the flume experimental conditions appear closer to the natural ones of many situations of slope stability interest(e.g. a scree slope). The results reveal that characteristic friction angles depend on size and shape of grains while mixtures of granules of different size show some sorting mechanism with less clear behaviour.

关键词： Rheology Granular material Friction angle Deposition process Yielding process

Reduction in sperm aneuploidy levels in severe oligoasthenoteratospermic patients after medical therapy： a preliminary report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 591-598页

作者： Giorgio Cavallini Maria Cristina Magli Andor Crippa Anna pia Ferraretti Luca Gianaroli Medicitalia Andrological Section Outpatient Clinic of Ferrara Ferrara 44100 Italy Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Societa Italiana di Medicina della Riproduzione (SISMER) Bologna 40138 Italy Operative Unit of Assisted Reproduction Societa Italiana di Medicina della Riproduzione (SISMER) Bologna 40138 Italy

The objective of this study was to investigate whether medical therapy can reduce sperm aneuploidy levels and irfiprove the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） in patients with severe idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia （OAT）. Thirty-three infertile couples requiring ICSI because of severe idiopathic OAT after at least one unsuccessful ICSI cycle were considered. Semen parameters （concentration, motility and morphology）, the percentage of aneuploid sperm and the results of ICSI （the number of oocytes fertilized, embryos transferred, biochemical pregnancies, clinical pregnancies and live births） were compared before and after a 3-month course of treatment with L-carnitine 1 g given twice per day＋acetyI-L-carnitine 500 mg given twice per day＋one 30-mg cinnoxicam tablet every 4 days. Aneuploidy was assessed using fluorescent in situ hybridisation （FISH） performed on chromosomes X, Y, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 and 22. The results showed that 22 of the 33 patients had a reduced frequency of aneuploid sperm and improved sperm morphology after treatment （group 1）, and 11 showed no change （group 2）. The numbers of biochemical pregnancies, clinical pregnancies and live births were significantly higher in group I than in group 2. No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the numbers of oocytes fertilized and embryos transferred. The side effects were negligible. The numbers of ICSI pregnancies and live births in severe idiopathic OAT patients improved with a course of L-carnitine, acetyI-L-carnitine and cinnoxicam.

关键词： acetyI-L-carnitine cinnoxicam ICSl L-carnitine male infertility oligoasthenoteratospermia sperm aneuploidy

An evaluation of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of torsional mode versus longitudinal ultrasound mode phacoemulsification:a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第6期9卷 890-897页

作者： pia Leon Ingrid Umari Alessandro Mangogna Andrea Zanei Daniele Tognetto University Eye Clinic of Trieste Ospedale MaggioreTrieste34125Italy Department of Medicine Surgery and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTrieste 34149Italy

AIM： To evaluate and compare the intraoperative parameters and postoperative outcomes of torsional mode and longitudinal mode of phacoemulsification. METHODS： Pertinent studies were identified by a computerized MEDLINE search from January 2002 to September 2013. The Meta-anaiysis is composed of two parts. In the first part the intraoperative parameters were considered： ultrasound time （UST） and cumulative dissipated energy （CDE）. The intraoperative values were also distinctly considered for two categories （moderate and hard cataract group） depending on the nuclear opacity grade. In the second part of the study the postoperative outcomes as the best corrected visual acuity （BCVA） and the endothelial cell loss （ECL） were taken in consideration. RESULTS： The UST and CDE values proved statistically significant in support of torsional mode for both moderate and hard cataract group. The analysis of BCVA did not present statistically significant difference between the two surgical modalities. The ECL count was statistically significant in support of torsional mode （P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： The Meta -analysis shows the superiority of the torsional mode for intraoperative parameters （UST, CDE） and postoperative ECL outcomes.

关键词： conventional （longitudinal） phacoemulsi-fication phacoemulsification torsional phacoemulsification

Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in racial and ethnic migrant groups

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第3期24卷 424-437页

作者： Ravi Misra Omar Faiz pia Munkholm Johan Burisch Naila Arebi Department of Gastroenterology St.Marks Academic Institute Surgical Epidemiology Trials and Outcome CentreSt.Marks Academic Institute Department of Gastroen-terology North Zealand University Hospital

AIM To summarise the current literature and define patterns of disease in migrant and racial groups.METHODS A structured key word search in Ovid Medline and EMBASE was undertaken in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies on incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype of migrants and races compared with indigenous groups were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Individual studies showed significant differences in incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype between migrants or race and indigenous groups. Pooled analysis could only be undertaken for incidence studies on South Asians where there was significant heterogeneity between the studies [95% for ulcerative colitis(UC), 83% for Crohn's disease(CD)]. The difference between incidence rates was not significant with a rate ratio South Asian: Caucasian of 0.78(95%CI: 0.22-2.78) for CD and 1.39(95%CI: 0.84-2.32) for UC. South Asians showed consistently higher incidence and more extensive UC than the indigenous population in five countries. A similar pattern was observed for Hispanics in the United States. Bangladeshis and African Americans showed an increased risk of CD with perianal disease. CONCLUSION This review suggests that migration and race influence the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease. This may be due to different inherent responses upon exposure to an environmental trigger in the adopted country. Further prospective studies on homogenous migrant populations are needed to validate these observations, with a parallel arm for in-depth investigation of putative drivers.

关键词： Epidemiology Ethnicity Migration

The gut-liver axis as a target of liver disease management

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 100-102页

作者： Claudia Mandato Anna pia Delli Bovi Pietro Vajro Department of Pediatrics AORN“Santobono-Pausilipon”NaplesItaly Pediatrics Department of Medicine and Surgery University of SalernoSalernoItaly

The interplay between the gut and liver,the so called“gut-liver axis”(GLA),plays a significant role in health and disease.As shown in Figure 1,the GLA is regulated by a number of equally relevant interacting factors including gut microbiota,integrity and function of the intestinal wall,antigen trafficking,mucosal innate immune response,and oxidative stress(1,2).In addition to undigested or unabsorbed food and microorganisms,the gut lumen contains also their fermentation/metabolic products,bile,mucus,and epithelial cells spontaneously exfoliated from the gastrointestinal mucosa.The latter is composed of various cell types counting immune cells,goblet cells,and enterocytes strongly connected by tight junctions and covered with a mucus layer that acts as a dynamic barrier.Recent elucidation of a gut-vascular barrier(GVB)has revealed this structure to intervene to control gut bacteria and antigen translocation from the gut into the blood stream(3).Interestingly,diseases that are characterized or aggravated by impairment of the barrier function(so-called“leaky gut”)and/or particular patterns of the microbiome(e.g.,a lack of balance between Bacteroides and Firmicutes)are not restricted to the intestinal tract and liver.Some relevant examples are represented by diabetes type 1,familial Mediterranean fever,obesity,cardiovascular disease,decreased bone-mass density,autism,dysregulation of immune response and systemic allergic diseases(1).

关键词： Figure gut latter