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Climate change impacts on eutrophication in the Po River(Italy):Temperature-mediated reduction in nitrogen export but no effect on phosphorus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 148-163页

作者： Elisa Soana Maria pia Gervasio Tommaso Granata Daniela Colombo Giuseppe Castaldelli Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of FerraraVia Luigi Borsari 4644121 FerraraItaly CESI-Italian Electrical and Technical Experimental Center via Rubattino 5420134MilanoItaly

Rivers worldwide are under stress from eutrophication and nitrate pollution,but the ecological consequences overlap with climate change,and the resulting interactions may be unexpected and still *** Po River basin(northern Italy)is one of the most agriculturally productive and densely populated areas in *** remains unclear whether the climate change impacts on the thermal and hydrological regimes are already affecting nutrient dynamics and transport to coastal *** present work addresses the long-term trends(1992-2020)of nitrogen and phosphorus export by investigating both the annual magnitude and the seasonal patterns and their relationship with water temperature and discharge *** the constant diffuse and point sources in the basin,a marked decrease(-20%)in nitrogen export,mostly as nitrate,was recorded in the last decade compared to the 1990 s,while no significant downward trend was observed for *** water temperature of the Po River has warmed,with the most pronounced signals in summer(+0.13℃/year)and autumn(+0.16℃/year),together with the strongest increase in the number of warm days(+70%-80%).An extended seasonal window of warm temperatures and the persistence of low flow periods are likely to create favorable conditions for permanent nitrate removal via denitrification,resulting in a lower delivery of reactive nitrogen to the *** present results show that climate change-driven warming may enhance nitrogen processing by increasing respiratory river metabolism,thereby reducing export from spring to early autumn,when the risk of eutrophication in coastal zones is higher.

关键词： Nutrient export Eutrophication Climate change Water temperature Denitrification Po River

MIS 5e sea surface temperature estimation;a multi-proxy approach using a marine macrofossil assemblage(Mar Piccolo,Gulf of Taranto,Southern Italy)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 327-350页

作者： Pierluigi Santagati Edoardo Perri Maria pia Bernasconi Mario Borrelli Salvatore Guerrieri Salvatore Critelli Dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della TerraUniversita della Calabriavia Pietro Bucci87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Ambientale Universita della Calabriavia Pietro Bucci87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly

It is reported a multi-proxy palaeoclimatic study conducted on a MIS 5e calcarenite from the Mar Piccolo Basin(MP),Gulf of Taranto(GT)(Central Mediterranean).The calcarenite returned a rich malacofauna consisting of 120 extant species,including four of the tropical Senegalese Fauna,today absent in the *** biogeographic-climatic affinity of the assemblage shows,compared to today,a double percentage of warm affinity species,while the cold affinity species are nearly equally represented,indicating a warmer but not strictly tropical *** is confirmed by the most recurring preferred SST ranges of the assemblage,indicating an average of 20℃.The skeletal compositions of five well-preserved molluscan and coral specimens were analyzed for trace elements and stable isotopes for further mean SST *** the comparison of the results of several equations available in literature,it appears that only some SST estimations are realistic,converging into similar values of,on average,20.8±0.9℃.Considering all the used proxies,the MIS 5e SST difference compared to today falls in the range 1.2—2.0℃for the GT(being a more reasonable scenario)and 2.0—2.8℃for the *** is not a firmly tropical-like SST setting as suggested by the sole Senegalese fauna,indicating at least 2.7℃—3.5℃more than today’s GT and MP,*** approximations and assumptions made for obtaining SST values with any single proxy indicate the need of a multi-proxy approach to define the best SST estimation.

关键词： MiS 5e Sea surface temperature Palaeoclimate proxy Fossil fauna Gulf of Taranto

Substrates of the m^(6)A demethylase FTO:FTO-LINE1 RNA axis regulates chromatin state in mESCs

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2627-2629页

作者： pia Sommerkamp European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL) Meyerhofstraße 169117 HeidelbergGermany

In a recent paper published in Science,Wei et *** that long-interspersed element-1(LINE1)RNA is a key target of the N6-methyladenosine(m6A)‘eraser’fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO).The FTO-LINE1 RNA axis ... 详细信息

关键词： al. obesity FTO

Maximizing Convergence Speed for Second Order Consensus in Leaderless Multi-Agent Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第2期9卷 259-269页

作者： Gianvito Difilippo Maria pia Fanti Agostino Marcello Mangini Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of BariBari 70125Italy IEEE

The paper deals with the consensus problem in a leaderless network of agents that have to reach a common velocity while forming a uniformly spaced ***,the final common velocity(reference velocity)is determined by the agents in a distributed and leaderless ***,the consensus protocol parameters are optimized for networks characterized by a communication topology described by a class of directed graphs having a directed spanning tree,in order to maximize the convergence rate and avoid *** advantages of the optimized consensus protocol are enlightened by some simulation results and comparison with a protocol proposed in the related *** presented protocol can be applied to coordinate agents such as mobile robots,automated guided vehicles(AGVs)and autonomous vehicles that have to move with the same velocity and a common inter-space gap.

关键词： Consensus protocols directed spanning tree multiagent systems networked systems second-order consensus

Acoustic and visual adaptations to predation risk: a predator affects communication in vocal female fish

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 149-157页

作者： Isabelle pia MAIDITSCH Friedrich LADICH Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstraBe 14Vienna 1090Austria

Predation is an important ecological constraint that influences communication in *** respond to predators by adjusting their visual signaling behavior,but the responses in calling behavior in the presence of a visually detected predator are largely *** hypothesize that fish will reduce visual and acoustic signaling including sound levels and avoid escalating fights in the presence of a *** test this we investigated dyadic contests in female croaking gouramis(Trichopsis vittata,Osphronemidae)in the presence and absence of a predator(Astronotus ocella-tus,Cichlidae)in an adjoining *** behavior in *** consists of lateral(visual)displays,antiparallel circling,and production of croaking sounds and may escalate to frontal *** analyzed the number and duration of lateral display bouts,the number,duration,sound pressure level,and dominant frequency of croaking sounds as well as contest *** number and duration of lateral displays decreased significantly in predator when compared with nopredator *** number of sounds per contest dropped in parallel but no significant changes were observed in sound *** the presence of a predator,dyadic contests were decided or terminated during lateral displays and never escalated to frontal *** gouramis showed approaching behavior toward the predator between lateral *** is the first study supporting the hypothesis that predators reduce visual and acoustic signaling in a vocal *** properties,in contrast,did not *** signaling and the lack of escalating contests reduce the fish's conspicuousness and thus predation threat.

关键词： agonistic interactions antipredator behavior croaking gouramis predator inspection signaling behavior

Mitigation measures of debris flow and landslide risk carried out in two mountain areas of North-Eastern Italy

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1808-1822页

作者： GENEVOIS Rinaldo TECCA pia Rosella GENEVOIS Clervie Padua University Vicolo Mazzini 18Padova 35137Italy CNR-IRPI Corso Stati Uniti 4Padova 35127Italy SINPRO s.r.l. Via deWArtigianato 20Vigonovo(VE)30030Italy

The design of remediation works for the mitigation and prevention of the associated risk is needed where these geological hazards affect anthropized areas. Remedial measures for landslides commonly include slope reshaping, plumbing, drainage, retaining structures and internal slope reinforcement, while debris flow control works consist in open or closed control structures. The effectiveness of the remedial works implemented must be assessed by evaluating the reduction of the risk over time. The choice of the most appropriate and cost-effective intervention must consider the type of hazard and environmental issues, and selects, wherever possible, naturalistic engineering operations that are consequently implemented according to the environmental regulations or the design and specification standards imposed by the competent public administrations. The mitigation procedures consist of five basic steps:(a) acquisition of the knowledge of the hazard process;(b) risk assessment with identification of possible disaster scenarios;(c) planning and designing of specific remedial measures to reduce and/or eliminate the potential risk;(d) slope monitoring after application of remedial measures,(e) transfer of knowledge to the stakeholders. This paper presents two case studies describing the practice for the design of the mitigation measures adopted for debris flow and active landslide sites in North-Eastern Italy. The first case study is a debris flow site, for which, based on observation of past events and numerical simulations using the software FLOW-2D, the most suitable mitigation measures were found to be the construction of a debris basin, barriers and breakers. The second case study deals with an active landslide threatening a village. Based on the landslide kinematics and the results of numerical simulations performed with the code FLAC, hard engineering remedial works were planned to reduce the driving forces with benching and by increasing the available resisting forc

关键词： Debris flows Landslides Geological hazards Mitigation measures FLO-2D FLAC

Risk Governance:Application to Urban Challenges

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 434-444页

作者： Ortwin Renn Andreas Klinke pia-Johanna Schweizer Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies(IASS) 14467 PotsdamGermany Environmental Policy Institute Memorial University of NewfoundlandGrenfell CampusCorner BrookNL A2H 5G4Canada

Urban areas face multiple risks: they range from natural hazard-induced disasters, fires, and building code violations to social risks such as vandalism, crime, and social disorientation, among others. These risks often interact with each other and cannot be dealt with in isolation. As a means to identify, assess, and manage multiple risks, the concept of ‘‘risk governance'' has been developed, which promises to provide integrative and comprehensive tools to deal with the many manifestations of *** this article, risk governance concept has been specifically applied to complex risk situations in urban areas. The concept of risk governance pertains to the many ways in which multiple actors, individuals and institutions, public and private, deal with risks. It includes formal institutions and regimes and informal arrangements. The article first develops an adaptive and integrative model of risk governance and applies this model to the urban *** a short summary of the roots of risk governance, key concepts, such as simple, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous risks, are discussed. The main emphasis is on each of the five phases of risk governance: pre-estimation,interdisciplinary assessment, risk evaluation, risk management, and risk communication.

关键词： Ambiguity Complexity Coping strategies Integrated urban risk management Risk assessment Risk evaluation Risk governance Uncertainty

An Eco-Route Planner for Heavy Duty Vehicles

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第1期8卷 37-51页

作者： Maria pia Fanti Agostino Marcello Mangini Alfredo Favenza Gianvito Difilippo the Department of Electric and Information Engineering University Polytechnic of BariBariItaly Links Foundation TurinItaly the company AutoLogS BariItaly

Driving style,traffic and weather conditions have a significant impact on vehicle fuel consumption and in particular,the road freight traffic significantly contributes to the CO2 increase in *** paper proposes an Eco-Route Planner devoted to determine and communicate to the drivers of Heavy-Duty Vehicles(HDVs)the eco-route that guarantees the minimum fuel consumption by respecting the travel time established by the freight *** proposed eco-route is the optimal route from origin to destination and includes the optimized speed and gear *** this aim,the Cloud Computing System architecture is composed of two main components:the Data Management System that collects,fuses and integrates the raw external sources data and the Cloud Optimizer that builds the route network,selects the eco-route and determines the optimal speed and gear ***,a real case study is discussed by showing the benefit of the proposed Eco-Route planner.

关键词： profile An Eco-Route Planner for Heavy Duty Vehicles

The measure of friction angles for different types of granular material

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第4期16卷 769-777页

作者： DEGANUTTI Andrea Maria TECCA pia Rosella GENEVOIS Rinaldo CNR-IRPI Department of Geosciences University of Padova

The aim of this research is to deepen the knowledge of the role of friction on the dynamics of granular media; in particular the friction angle is taken into consideration as the physical parameter that drives stability, motion and deposition of a set of grains of any nature and size. The idea behind this work is a question: is the friction angle really that fundamental and obvious physical parameter which rules stability and motion of granular media as it seems from most works which deal with particle dynamics? The experimental study tries to answer this question with a series of laboratory tests, in which different natural and artificial granular materials have been investigated in dry condition by means of a tilting flume. The characteristic friction angles, both in deposition(repose) and stability limit(critical) conditions, were measured and checked against size, shape, density and roughness of the considered granular material. The flume tests have been preferred to "classical" geotechnical apparatuses(e.g. shear box) since the flume experimental conditions appear closer to the natural ones of many situations of slope stability interest(e.g. a scree slope). The results reveal that characteristic friction angles depend on size and shape of grains while mixtures of granules of different size show some sorting mechanism with less clear behaviour.

关键词： Rheology Granular material Friction angle Deposition process Yielding process