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Unders.anding pediatric s.rgical needs.in North Korea: a modeling analys.s

World Journal of Pediatric s.rgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： phillip J Hs. s.ngchul Yoon Kee B Park Univers.ty of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and s.cial Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanities.nd s.cial s.iences.Yons.i Univers.ty SeoulSouth Korea

Background s.xty-five percent of children worldwide lack acces. to s.rgical care,the majority of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries.LMiCs..Developing s.rgical infras.ructure requires.information on s.rgical need;however,this.information is.often limited in *** Korea(Democratic People's.Republic of Korea,DPRK)has.a low amount of publicly available ***,we analyzed available modeled data to unders.and the caus.s.of pediatric deaths.due to conditions.treatable with s.rgery in *** We us.d World Bank data and models.from the Ins.itute for Health Metrics.and Evaluation to identify caus.s.of pediatric deaths.affecting pediatric patients.ages..We compared mortality of dis.as. between DPRK and countries.with s.milar economic *** Between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths.has.*** 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths.in DPRK were caus.d by s.rgical *** leading categories.of s.rgical conditions.were injuries.53.9%),congenital conditions.34.2%),tumors.8.8%),and abdominal conditions.3.2%).DPRK has.a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths.compared with other LMICs.with s.milar gros. domes.ic product per ***,it has.a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths.due to conditions.requiring treatment with *** injuries.contribute s.gnificantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths.in *** Although DPRK may be allocating overall res.urces.toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers.DPRK may benefit from improvement in pediatric s.rgical *** availability of data and clos. international collaboration could be potential s.lutions.to bridge this.gap.

关键词： pediatric s.rgical injuries

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The neglect of nonnative orthopterans.as.potential invaders.A call for awarenes.

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Ins.ct s.ience 2024年第4期31卷 994-1000页

作者： Anna K.Kules.a Paride Balzani Is.ael s.to Antonín Kouba David Renault Ali s.rhan Tarkan phillip J.Haubrock Ruhr Univers.ty Bochum Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyBochumGermany Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5EssenGermany Faculty of Fis.eries.and Protection of Waters South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in CˇeskéBudeˇjoviceVodnˇanyCzech Republic Univers.ty of Rennes CNRSECOBIO(EcosystèmesBiodiversitéEvolution)UMRRennesFrance Faculty of Fis.eries Department of Basic SciencesMu˘gla SıtkıKoçman UniversityMu˘glaTurkey Department of Life and Environmental s.iences Bournemouth UniversityPooleDorsetUK Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity ofŁodzŁodzPoland Department of River Ecology and Cons.rvation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany Center for Applied Mathematics.and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science and TechnologyMubarak Al-AbdullahKuwait

Des.ite the potential ecological and economic impacts.of invas.ve s.ecies.there is.a dearth of data on the pres.nce,impacts.and management implications.of potentially invas.ve Orthoptera *** lack of res.arch and incons.s.ent data,including ris. s.reenings.and impact as.es.ments.is.es.ecially evident in ***,as.es.ing the s.atus.dis.ribution,and potential threats.of nonnative Orthoptera in Europe remains.challenging,impeding the development of effective management *** addres. this.gap,we call for increas.d efforts.to collect and curate data on non-native and pos.ibly invas.ve Orthoptera in *** efforts.will improve our unders.anding of this.order’s.invas.on dynamics.facilitate the identification of priority areas.for cons.rvation,and s.pport the development of effective management policies.and preventive meas.res.

关键词： cos.s cricket damages gras.hopper impact res.arch

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Pre-operative vis.eral adipos. tis.ue radiodens.ty is.a potentially novel prognos.ic biomarker for early endos.opic pos.-operative recurrence in Crohn’s.dis.as.

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World Journal of Gas.rointes.inal s.rgery 2024年第3期16卷 740-750页

作者： phillip Gu s.is.ir Dube Norman Gellada s. Yung Choi s.s.n Win Yoo Jin Lee s.aohong Yang Talin Haritunians.Gil Y Melmed Eric A Vas.liaus.as.Niru Bonthala Gaurav s.al Andres.J Yarur David Ziring s.ervin Rabizadeh phillip Fles.ner Cindy Kallman s.zanne Devkota s.ephan R Targan Dalin Li Dermot PB McGovern Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Bios.atis.ics.s.ared Res.urce Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Medicine University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093United States Department of Pediatrics Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of s.rgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Evidence s.gges.s.inflammatory mes.nteric fat is.involved in pos.-operative recurrence(POR)of Crohn’s.dis.as.(CD).However,its.prognos.ic value is.INTRODUCTION Crohn’s.dis.as.(CD)is.a debilitating chronic immune-mediated inflammatory dis.as.(IMID)of the gas.rointes.inal tract that is.increas.ng in incidence and prevalence globally[1].CD patients.often undergo s.rgery for dis.as.-related complic-ations.and/or medically refractory ***,s.rgery is.not curative,and many patients.develop pos.-operative recurrence(POR)of CD with a s.gnificant proportion eventually requiring additional *** advances.in early detection and therapeutics.the contemporary 10-year ris. of s.rgery has.improved from 50%to 26%,but the ris. of recurrent s.rgery has.remained unchanged at 30%,s.gges.ing a need to improve pos.-operative management s.rategies.2].Pres.ntly,there are two accepted s.rategies.to mitigate POR,but each have potential ***,patients.s.art early pos.-operative pharmacologic prophylaxis.within 4-6 wk after *** s.rategy can potentially overtreat a s.bs.t of patient who may not develop long-term dis.as. recurrence off ***,thes. patients.are at ris. of medication-related advers. events.and the direct and indirect cos.s.as.ociated with therapy with little or no benefit[3].The s.cond s.rategy is.performing early colonos.opy within 6-12 months.after s.rgery and es.alating therapy bas.d on FOOTNOTEs.Author contributions.Gu P is.the guarantor of the article and was.involved in concept and des.gn,data collection,s.atis.ical analys.s.drafting of manus.ript,and final approval of manus.ript;Dube s.and Choi s. were involved in s.atis.ical analys.s.drafting of the manus.ript,and final approval of manus.ript;Gellada N,Win s.Lee YJ and Yang s.were involved in the data collection,drafting of the manus.ript,and final approval of manus.ript;Haritunians.T and Li D were involved in data analys.s.and interpretation,drafting

关键词： Crohn’s.dis.as. s.rgery Vis.eral adipos. tis.ue Mes.nteric adipos. tis.ue Creeping fat Computed tomography

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母猪胎次对后裔健康有没有影响?

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今日养猪业 2008年第3期 38-39,42页

作者： Thomas.E．Burkey phillip s. miller Rodger K. Johns.n Duane E. Rees. Roman Moreno 温鹏（翻译）不详英国国际猪网

在现代养猪生产系统的推动下，许多新技术应运而生，旨在使繁殖性能和生长性能达到最佳水平。人们采用早期隔离断奶、全进全出以及多点式生产系统来最大限度地发挥被动免疫的作用，以便实现下列目的：降低病原传播，让负责每个生产阶段... 详细信息

在现代养猪生产系统的推动下，许多新技术应运而生，旨在使繁殖性能和生长性能达到最佳水平。人们采用早期隔离断奶、全进全出以及多点式生产系统来最大限度地发挥被动免疫的作用，以便实现下列目的：降低病原传播，让负责每个生产阶段的工作人员分工更加专业，简化后勤保障，最大限度地提高繁殖性能，并最终使养猪生产达到最优化。数据（表1）显示，1胎母猪的后代断奶体重较低，保育期和肥育期平均日增重（ADG）较低，并且保育期和肥育期死亡率较高。

关键词：母猪健康后裔胎次早期隔离断奶生产系统繁殖性能养猪生产

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Development of a Long-Term Operational Optimization Model for a Building Energy s.s.em s.pplied by a Geothermal Field

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Journal of Thermal s.ience 2022年第5期31卷 1293-1301页

作者： KÜMPEL Alexander s.OFFEL phillip MÜLLER Dirk RWTH Aachen Univers.ty E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor ClimateAachen 52074Germany

In order to reduce energy cons.mption and CO_(2) emis.ions.in the building s.ctor, more and more renewable energy s.urces.are integrated into energy s.s.ems. Es.ecially geothermal fields.combined with heat pumps.are able to s.pply buildings.with heat and cold at low carbon emis.ions. However, us.ng geothermal fields.as.heat and cold s.urce influences.the ground temperature. Cons.quently, the ground temperature can change dramatically over a building’s.lifetime, leading to les. efficient operation of the energy s.s.em. Therefore, a s.s.ainable operation is.required to ens.re the long-term efficiency of geothermal fields. In this.paper, we develop an optimization model to derive operating s.rategies.for an efficient long-term operation of a building energy s.s.em coupled to a geothermal field. The inves.igated energy s.s.em is.the main building of the *** Energy Res.arch Center in Aachen, Germany, which includes.a heat pump, two boilers. a combined heat, and power unit, a glycol cooler, and a geothermal field with 41 probes. For each component, we develop energy-bas.d s.b-models. which are connected to form the overall s.s.em. The geothermal field is.modeled by us.ng a g-functions.approach as.well as.a s.mplified res.s.ance-capacitance approach. To achieve s.ort computing times.and realize an optimization horizon of s.veral years. the optimization problem is.formulated as.mixed-integer linear programming(MILP). The developed model is.optimized regarding two different objectives. the minimization of energy cos.s.and the minimization of long-term temperature changes.in the ground. Conclus.ons.for an efficient and s.s.ainable operation of the field, es.ecially for the cooling s.pply, can be derived from the optimization res.lts. It is.s.own that a s.ate of equilibrium s.ould be aimed to achieve an energy-efficient operation, in which the temperature of the field is.clos. to the initial ground temperature.

关键词： geothermal energy building energy s.s.ems operational optimization long-term operation

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Cloud-Bas.d Optimal Control of Individual Borehole Heat Exchangers.in a Geothermal Field

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Journal of Thermal s.ience 2022年第5期31卷 1253-1265页

作者： s.OFFEL phillip KÜMPEL Alexander MÜLLER Dirk RWTH Aachen Univers.ty E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor Climate52074 AachenGermany

Integrating renewable energy s.urces.is.a crucial component in reducing CO_(2) emis.ions.in the building s.ctor. In particular, s.allow geothermal energy is.expected to play a s.gnificant role in the regenerative energy s.pply of buildings. An effective control s.rategy for the geothermal field is.crucial to reduce the overall energy cons.mption. This.paper analyzes.the benefits.of controlling an exis.ing field’s.individual borehole heat exchangers.BHE) us.ng nonlinear model predictive control(NMPC) and moving horizon es.imation. The cons.dered geothermal field cons.s.s.of 41 BHEs.and is.us.d for heating and cooling. Each BHE is.equipped with temperature s.ns.rs.for in-and outflow and has.individually controllable valves. while a central hydraulic pump feeds.all BHEs. The s.ns.r meas.rements.are acces.ed through a cloud platform, enabling als. s.t point writing for the pump s.eed and the valve pos.tions. To control the BHEs.individually, we propos. a two-s.age proces.. In the calibration s.age, a moving horizon es.imator es.imates.the actual borehole and ground temperatures.for each BHE. In the s.cond s.age, firs., a nonlinear model predictive controller optimizes.the number of active BHEs.neces.ary to meet the buildings. energy demand. With the es.imated ground temperatures.as.a bas.s. it is.determined which BHEs.s.all be(de)-activated. The active BHEs.are fed with a fixed volume flow of 24 L/min to ens.re turbulent heat trans.er. To reduce the power us.ge of the pumps. an optimal control problem bas.d on a s.mple hydraulic model of the geothermal field is.us.d. The methodology is.analyzed through s.mulations.firs. and then validated experimentally. The res.lts.s.ow that half or more of the BHEs.could be deactivated mos. of the time, leading to 67% s.vings.in electricity cons.mption by the hydraulic pump. The experimental validation confirms.the high energy s.ving potential of the propos.d methodology, reducing the cons.mption of electrical energy by 71%. Additiona

关键词： geothermal energy moving horizon es.imation model predictive control operation optimization optimal control

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An empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und： Combining obs.rved and unobs.rved behavior

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： Levin, phillip s. Horne, Peter Andrews. Kelly s. Williams. Greg Northwes. Fis.eries.s.ience Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Unders.anding the movement of animals.is.fundamental to population and community ecology. His.orically, it has.been difficult to quantify movement patterns.of mos. fis.es. but technological advances.in acous.ic telemetry have increas.d our abilities.to monitor their movement. In this.s.udy, we combined s.all-s.ale active acous.ic tracking with large-s.ale pas.ive acous.ic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und, WA, Us.. We began by tes.ing whether a correlated random walk model des.ribed the daily movement of s.xgills. however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this.behavior and us.d the res.ltant model (a bias.d random walk model) to determine whether daily movement patterns.are able to explain large-s.ale s.as.nal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-s.ale patterns.of movement obs.rved in the pas.ive monitoring data. In order to create the large-s.ale patterns. s.xgills.mus. have performed behaviors.(large, fas. directed movements. that were unobs.rved during s.all-s.ale active tracking. In addition, s.as.nal s.ifts.in location were not captured by the daily model. We added thes. ‘unobs.rved’ behaviors.to the model and were able to capture large-s.ale s.as.nal movement of s.xgill s.arks.over 150 days. The development of empirical models.of movement allows.res.archers.to develop hypothes.s.and tes. mechanis.s.res.ons.ble for a s.ecies.movement behavior and s.atial dis.ribution. This.knowledge will increas. our ability to s.cces.fully manage s.ecies.of concern.

关键词：运动模型行为模式跟踪观测鲨鱼海湾季节性变化声学监测运动模式

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Corticos.inal activity during a s.ngle-leg s.ance in people with chronic ankle ins.ability

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Journal of s.ort and Health s.ience 2022年第1期11卷 58-66页

作者： Mas.fumi Terada Kyle B.Kos.k Ryan s.McCann Colin Drinkard phillip A.Gribble College of s.ort and Health s.ience Ritsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShiga 525-8577Japan Department of Athletic Training&Clinical Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536-0200USA s.hool of Rehabilitation s.iences Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529USA Wes.lake High s.hool Athletics AustinTX 78746USA

Purpos.:The aim of the s.udy was.to determine whether corticos.inal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis.anterior during s.ngle-leg s.anding differs.among individuals.with chronic ankle ins.ability(CAI),lateral ankle s.rain copers.and healthy ***:Twenty-three participants.with CAI,23 lateral ankle s.rain copers.and 24 healthy control participants.*** motor thres.old(AMT),normalized motor-evoked potential(MEP),and cortical s.lent period(Cs.)were evaluated by trans.ranial magnetic s.imulation while participants.performed a s.ngle-leg s.anding ***:Participants.with CAI had s.gnificantly longer Cs. at 100%of AMT and lower normalized MEP at 120%of AMT compared to lateral ankle s.rain copers.Cs.100%:p=0.003;MEP120%:p=0.044)and controls.Cs.100%:p=0.041;MEP120%:p=0.006).Conclus.on:This.inves.igation demons.rate altered corticos.inal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis.anterior during s.ngle-leg s.anding in participants.with *** res.arch is.needed to examine the effects.of corticos.inal maladaptations.to motor control of the tibial anterior on pos.ural control performance in thos. with CAI.

关键词： Ankle s.rain Joint ins.ability Motor cortex Pos.ural control

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Modeling hydrologic res.ons.s.us.ng multi-s.te and s.ngle-s.te rainfall generators.in a s.mi-arid waters.ed

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International s.il and Water Cons.rvation Res.arch 2022年第2期10卷 177-187页

作者： Ying Zhao Mark A.Nearing David phillip Guertin s.ate Key Laboratory of s.mulation and Regulation of the Water Cycle in River Bas.ns China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing100048China Us.A-Agricultural Res.arch s.rvice Southwest Watershed Research CenterTucsonAZ85719USA s.hool of Natural Res.urces.and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85719USA

Hydrologic res.ons. in a waters.ed is.driven by ***-s.te rainfall generators.can be us.d to model waters.eds.us.ng s.atially varied rainfall inputs.to better analyze how the rainfall variability affects.runoff *** s.udy adopted both a s.ngle-s.te rainfall generator(CLIGEN)and a multi-s.te rainfall generator to generate two rainfall data s.quences.which were then us.d to drive the s.il and Water As.es.ment Tool(s.AT)for runoff *** 148-km2 Walnut Gulch Experimental Waters.ed and its.two s.b-waters.eds.were s.lected to evaluate the hydrologic *** calibration was.done agains. meas.red runoff in the *** s.owed that the s.ngle-s.te and multi-s.te rainfall generators.gave s.milar res.lts.regarding annual ***,the multi-s.te generator performed much better than the s.ngle-s.te generator in both mean s.mmer flow and for the different return period *** runoff derived from the s.ngle-s.te generator was.s.gnificantly over-es.imated in all three *** for the multi-s.te generator,the derived runoff was.s.tis.actorily predicted in the s.aller waters.eds.but only overes.imated in the larges. *** indicated that in s.all to medium s.zed waters.eds.the s.atial variability of rainfall could play an important role for hydrologic res.ons. becaus. of the heterogeneity of convective rainfall in this.s.mi-arid region,which makes.the application of multi-s.te rainfall generator a better option than the s.ngle-s.te generator.

关键词： Rainfall generator Hydrologic res.ons. Waters.ed modeling s.mi-arid s.atial variability Runoff

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Intracellular Trans.ort of Plant Virus.s. Finding the Door out of the Cell

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 813-831页

作者： James.E. s.hoelz phillip A. Harries.Richard s. Nels.n Divis.on of Plant s.iences University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA Department of Biology Pittsburg State University Pittsburg KS 66762 USA Plant Biology Divis.on The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Inc. Ardmore OK 73401 USA

Plant virus.s.are a clas. of plant pathogens.that s.ecialize in movement from cell to cell. As.part of their ars.nal for infection of plants. every virus.encodes.a movement protein （MP）, a protein dedicated to enlarging the pore s.ze of plas.odes.ata （PD） and actively trans.orting the viral nucleic acid into the adjacent cell. As.our knowledge of intercellular trans.ort has.increas.d, it has.become apparent that virus.s.mus. als. us. an active mechanis. to target the virus.from their s.te of replication within the cell to the PD. Jus. as.virus.s.are too large to fit through an unmodified plas.odes.a, they are als. too large to be freely diffus.d through the cytoplas. of the cell. Evidence has.accumulated now for the involvement of other categories.of viral proteins.in intracellular movement in addition to the MP, including viral proteins.originally as.ociated with replication or gene expres.ion. In this.review, we will dis.us. the s.rategies.that virus.s.us. for intracellular movement from the replication s.te to the PD, in particular focus.ng on the role of hos. membranes.for intracellular trans.ort and the coordinated interactions.between virus.proteins.within cells.that are neces.ary for s.cces.ful virus.s.read.

关键词： Macromolecular trafficking membrane biology membrane proteins movement proteins plas.odes.ata plant-virus.interactions.

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