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新发现 2020年第11期 54-58页

作者： philippe testard-vaillant 陈怡芸(编译) 不详

1930年代初,一批直立人的骸骨(包括12个头盖骨和2根胫骨)在印度尼西亚爪哇岛出土。据新近研究成果推测,这些直立人大概生活于11.7万年前到10.8万年前,这是科学家首次发现如此“新近”的直立人.在这些看似野蛮却有着辉煌后代的祖先里,没... 详细信息

1930年代初,一批直立人的骸骨(包括12个头盖骨和2根胫骨)在印度尼西亚爪哇岛出土。据新近研究成果推测,这些直立人大概生活于11.7万年前到10.8万年前,这是科学家首次发现如此“新近”的直立人.在这些看似野蛮却有着辉煌后代的祖先里,没准就有几位在人类谱系的演化中起着至关重要的作用.

关键词：直立人印度尼西亚研究成果科学家

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Primary tumor resection in colorectal cancer with unresectable synchronous metastases: A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第6期6卷 156-169页

作者： Louis de Mestier Gilles Manceau Cindy Neuzillet Jean Baptiste Bachet Jean philippe Spano Reza Kianmanesh Jean Christophe vaillant Olivier Bouché Laurent Han-noun Mehdi Karoui Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Robert-DebréUniversity Hospital Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Pitié-Salpêtrière HospitalDepartment of Digestive and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary SurgeryUniversity Institute of Cancerology(ParisⅥ)Pierre and Marie Curie University Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Depart-ment of Gastroenterology and PancreatologyBeaujon University Hospital Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Pitié-Salpêtrière HospitalDepartment of GastroenterologyUniversity Institute of Cancerology(ParisⅥ)Pierre and Marie Curie University Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Pitié-Salpêtrière HospitalDepartment of Medical OncologyUniversity Institute of Cancerology(ParisⅥ)Pierre and Marie Curie University Department of Digestive and Endocrine Sur-gery Robert-DebréUniversity Hospital

At the time of diagnosis, 25% of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC) present with synchronous metastases, which are unresectable in the majority of patients. Whether primary tumor resection(PTR) followed by chemotherapy or immediate chemotherapy without PTR is the best therapeutic option in patients with asymptomatic CRC and unresectable metastases is a major issue, although unanswered to date. The aim of this study was to review all published data on whether PTR should be performed in patients with CRC and unresectable synchronous metastases. All aspects of the management of CRC were taken into account, es-pecially prognostic factors in patients with CRC and un-resectable metastases. The impact of PTR on survival and quality of life were reviewed, in addition to the characteristics of patients that could benefit from PTR and the possible underlying mechanisms. The risks of both approaches are reported. As no randomized study has been performed to date, we finally discussed how a therapeutic strategy's trial should be designed to pro-vide answer to this issue.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal surgery Chemotherapy Colorectal primary tumor Survival Livermetastases

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Adult human liver slice cultures:Modelling of liver fibrosis and evaluation of new anti-fibrotic drugs

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第2期13卷 187-217页

作者： Daria Kartasheva-Ebertz Jesintha Gaston Loriane Lair-Mehiri Pierre-philippe Massault Olivier Scatton Jean-Christophe vaillant Vladimir Alexei Morozov Stanislas Pol Sylvie Lagaye Institut Pasteur Immunobiologie des Cellules DendritiquesINSERM U1223Paris 75015France BioSPC Universitéde ParisParis 75005France Service de Chirurgie digestive Hépato-biliaire et EndocrinienneAPHPGroupe Hospitalier CochinParis 75014France Service de Chirurgie digestive et Hépato bilio pancréatique AP-HPGroupe Hospitalier La Pitié-SalpétrièreMedecine Sorbonne UniversitéParis 75013France Center for HIV and Retrovirology Department of Infectious DiseasesRobert Koch InstituteBerlin 13353Germany Département d'Hépatologie AP-HPGroupe Hospitalier CochinUniversitéde ParisParis 75014France

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis can result in end-stage liver failure and *** To examine human liver fibrogenesis and anti-fibrotic therapies,we evaluated the three dimensional ex vivo liver slice(LS)*** Fibrotic liver samples(F0 to F4 fibrosis stage according to the METAVIR score)were collected from patients after liver *** liver slices(HLS)were cultivated for up to 21 *** C virus(HCV)infection,alcohol(ethanol stimulation)and steatosis(palmitate stimulation)were examined in fibrotic(F2 to F4)liver slices infected(or not)with HCV.F0-F1 HLS were used as *** day 0,either ursodeoxycholic acid(choleretic and hepatoprotective properties)and/or α-tocopherol(antioxidant properties)were added to standard of care on HLS and fibrotic liver slices,infected(or not)with *** of the biomarkers of fibrosis and the triglyceride production were checked by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and/or enzymelinked immunosorbent *** The cultures were viable in vitro for 21 days allowing to study fibrosis inducers and to estimate the effect of anti-fibrotic *** of the biomarkers of fibrosis and the progression to steatosis(estimated by triglycerides production)was increased with the addition of HCV and/or ethanol or *** day 15 of the follow-up studies,a significant decrease of both transforming growth factorβ-1 and Procol1A1 expression and triglycerides production was observed when a combined anti-fibrotic treatment was applied on HCV infected F2-F4 LS *** These results show that the human three dimensional ex vivo model effectively reflects the in vivo processes in damaged human liver(viral,alcoholic,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis liver diseases)and provides the proof of concept that the LS examined model permits a rapid evaluation of new anti-fibrotic therapies when used alone or in combination.

关键词： Human liver fibrosis Hepatitis C virus Alcoholic liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Ex vivo model Drugs

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