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An ethically guided preclinical device for phenotyping H_(2)production in laboratory rodents

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 553-561页

作者： Victor Pascal-Moussellard Emilie Boucher Stéphane Tanguy philippe Cinquin Pierre-Alain Barraud ChloéDavin Cordélia Salomez-Ihl Dalil Hannani François Boucher Jean-Pierre Alcaraz University Grenoble Alpes CNRSUMR 5525VetAgro SupGrenoble INPTIMCGrenobleFrance

Background:Dihydrogen(H_(2))is produced endogenously by the intestinal microbiota through the fermentation of diet *** the past few years,numer-ous studies have demonstrated the significant therapeutic potential of H_(2)in various pathophysiological contexts,making the characterization of its production in labora-tory species of major preclinical ***:This study proposes an innovative solution to accurately monitor H_(2)pro-duction in free-moving rodents while respecting animal welfare *** devel-oped device consisted of a wire rodent cage placed inside an airtight chamber in which the air quality was maintained,and the H_(2)concentration was continuously *** the airtightness and efficiency of the systems used to control and maintain air quality in the chamber were checked,tests were carried out on rats and mice with different metabolic phenotypes,over 12 min to 1-h experiments and repeatedly.H_(2)production rates(HPR)were obtained using an easy calculation algorithm based on a first-order moving ***:HPR in hyperphagic Zucker rats was found to be twice as high as in control Wistar rats,respectively,2.64 and 1.27 nmol.s^(−1)per *** addition,the ingestion of inulin,a dietary fiber,stimulated H_(2)production in *** were 0.46 nmol.s^(−1)for animals under control diet and 1.99 nmol.s^(−1)for animals under inulin ***:The proposed device coupled with our algorithm enables fine analysis of the metabolic phenotype of laboratory rats or mice with regard to their endogenous H_(2)production.

关键词： hydrogen therapy laboratory rodents microbiota molecular hydrogen noninvasive monitoring device

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太平洋十年涛动对全球地表气温变化的影响足迹

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 445-448页

作者：梁莉莉 Alan D.Ziegler 陈德亮 philippe Ciais 李肇新梁时婧王大山徐荣嵘曾振中 School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources Mae Jo UniversityChiang Mai 50000Thailand Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre national de la recherche scientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéÉcole Normale SupérieureÉcole PolytechniqueParis 75000France Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Sea surface temperature modes have been found to modulate anthropogenic global warming rates on annual and decadal timescales,sometimes leading to periods of“slowdown”despite increasing greenhouse gas emissions^([1]).

关键词：太平洋十年涛动地表气温 greenhouse

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Stochastic Simulation of Saline Intrusion in the Coastal Aquifer of Saloum, Senegal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第8期15卷 863-873页

作者： Seyni Ndoye Amadou Sarr Mathieu Le Coz Cheikh Becaye Gaye Moumtaz Razack philippe Le Coustumer Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement-Procds industriels (LE3PI) Ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Universit Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Sngal Dpartement de Gologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP Universit de Poitiers Poitiers France Bordeaux Imaging Center CNRS UAR3420-INSERM US4 Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux France

In the Saloum region of central-western Senegal, water needs are essentially met by tapping an underground aquifer associated with the sandy-clay formations of the Continental Terminal, in contact with both the ocean to the west and the highly saline waters of the Saloum River to the north. In this estuarine and deltaic zone with its very low relief, the hydraulic loads in the water tables are generally close to zero or even negative, creating a reversal of the natural flow and encouraging saline intrusion into this system, which makes it very vulnerable. This study concerns the implementation of a numerical model of saline intrusion to provide a better understanding of the vulnerability of the water table by analyzing the variability of the freshwater/saltwater interface. The Modflow-2005 code is used to simulate saline intrusion using the SWI2 module, coupled with the GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) software under the Linux operating system with the steep interface approach. The probable expansion of the wedge is studied in three scenarios, taking into account its position relative to the bedrock at 1 m, 5 m and 10 m. Simulations carried out under imposed potential and river conditions, based on variations in groundwater reserves using two effective porosity values, 10−1 and 10−2, show that the water table is highly vulnerable in the northwest sector. The probable expansion of the wedge increases as the storage coefficient decreases and is more marked with river conditions in the areas surrounding the Saloum River, reaching 6 km with a probability of 1. The probability of the wedge reaching a certain degree of expansion decreases from 1 to 0.5, and then cancels out as it moves inland. The probable position of the wedge is limited to 500 m or even 1 km depending on the corner around the coast to the southwest and in the southern zone. This modelling, carried out under natural conditions, will be developed further, taking into account climatic p

关键词： Saline Intrusion Stochastic Modelling Modflow SWI2 Grass GIS Aquifer Saloum Senegal

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Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Insulin Sensitivity and Islet β-Cell Secretory Function in Diabetic Patients from South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 81-94页

作者： Dieudonne Masemo Bihehe Ahadi Birindwa Bwihangane Jean-Paulin Mukonkole Mbo Michel Hermans philippe Bianga Katchunga Faculté de Médecine H&#244pital Général de Référence de Panzi Université Evangélique en Afrique Bukavu DR Congo Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences Université Officielle de Bukavu Bukavu DR Congo Département de Médecine Interne Université de Kisangani Kisangani DR Congo Service d’endocrinologie et de Diabétologie Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Université Catholique de Louvain Bruxelles Belgique Département de Médecine Interne Cliniques Universitaires de Bukavu Université Officielle de Bukavu Bukavu DR Congo

Background: The role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa has not been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low vitamin D level and secondary hyperparathyroidism and their association with insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory function among Congolese type 2 diabetics. Methodology: Fasting glycaemia, fasting insulin, 25OH D3 and human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) were measured in one hundred and eighty-four type 2 diabetic patients followed as outpatients in South Kivu. Levels of 25OH D3 65 pg/ml defined low vitamin D and elevated parathyroid hormone levels, respectively. The HOMA model was used to measure insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory function. Results: Medians (IQR) were 25.3 (20.4 - 32.4) ng/ml for 25OH D3 and 53.7 (38.4 - 115.7) pg/ml for hPTH. 58.7% of diabetics had insulin resistance, 126 (68.5%) had low vitamin D and 80 (43.5%) had hyperparathyroidism. In multivariate analysis, hPTH (partial r = −0.28;p = 0.0002) and 25OH D3 (partial r = 0.16;p = 0.03) showed an independent association with insulin sensitivity after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference. Finally, hPTH (partial r = 0.27;p = 0.0002) was the sole determinant of β-cell secretory function. Conclusions: This study confirms the high prevalence of low vitamin D level and secondary hyperparathyroidism and their association with insulin resistance and impaired islet β-cell secretory function among Congolese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation should be envisaged for cases of deficiency in this region.

关键词： Vitamin D Parathyroid Hormone Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Resistance South Kivu

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Neuroanatomical Basis of Postoperative Pain and Assessment of Its Management in a Series of Patients Undergoing Caesarean Sections

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2024年第2期12卷 21-32页

作者： Moustapha Diedhiou philippe Manyacka Ma Nyemb Ndiamé Sarr Aissatou Sarr Ousmane Thiam Mohamed Lamine Fall Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger Saint Louis University Saint Louis Senegal Intensive Care Unit Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal

Introduction: In recent decades, the cost of postoperative pain has been the subject of many studies based on protocols developed by scientific societies for its assessment and optimization. At the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis (Senegal), several protocols have been developed for pain management, but no study has focused on the assessment of postoperative pain management specifically. We therefore initiated this work, the objectives of which were to remind the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological bases of postoperative pain, and to analyze the assessment and management of this pain in patients who have undergone a caesarean section. Materials and methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study, which took place in the gynecology-obstetrics department, over a period from January 2019 to July 2020. All patients who gave birth by cesarean section were included. The data was collected from a survey sheet written for this purpose. For each of the patients, the information was taken every day throughout the duration of postoperative hospitalization. Results: It appears from our work that after a cesarean section, the pain felt evolves on the first postoperative days with a peak during the second day. As in the data reported in the literature, there does not seem to be a difference in terms of pain intensity and analgesia dosage between scheduled and emergency caesarean sections. However, young age and female gender—for other types of surgeries—are risk factors associated with high postoperative pain scores. This trend is probably related to the low pain experience of tested patients. Our initial hypothesis was that acute post-operative pain after caesarean sections could be linked to defects in the perception and processing of pain by caregivers. Indeed, we have shown that awareness-raising, information, and training actions have made it possible to significantly improve the management of pain after a cesarean section. Conclusion: After a cesarean section the p

关键词： Postoperative Pain Neuroanatomical Bases Assessment Cesarean Section

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基于同步辐射光源微CT技术及分水岭图像分割方法量化乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠模型局部骨组织及血管

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中国医学影像技术 2024年

作者：徐豪赵乙頔于露陈丁钰刘继琛赵涵孟竹 philippe Clezardin 沈阳大学科技创新研究院沈阳理工大学理学院里昂大学LYOS实验室

目的观察基于同步辐射光源微CT(SR-μCT)技术及分水岭图像分割方法量化乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠模型胫骨局部三维骨组织和血管的价值。方法建立乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠模型，分别予口服Vatalanib、注射Bevacizumab、联合Vatalanib与Bevacizumab... 详细信息

目的观察基于同步辐射光源微CT(SR-μCT)技术及分水岭图像分割方法量化乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠模型胫骨局部三维骨组织和血管的价值。方法建立乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠模型，分别予口服Vatalanib、注射Bevacizumab、联合Vatalanib与Bevacizumab治疗及注射安慰剂。于注射肿瘤细胞后第8天（T1）及第22天（T2）结合注射血管对比剂和SR-μCT对注射部位骨组织和血管网络行高分辨力同步成像，以自动化标记的分水岭图像分割方法、全局阈值方法及区域生长方法分割局部骨组织和血管，利用戴斯相似系数（DSC）评估图像分割质量；获取局部胫骨解剖学量化参数，包括骨组织体积分数（BV/TV）、血管体积分数（VV/TV）、骨组织平均厚度（***）及血管平均厚度（***），比较相同时间点、不同治疗方案之间，以及相同治疗方案、不同时间点之间解剖学量化参数。结果基于标记分水岭算法分割骨组织和血管结构的DSC达0.95以上，高于其他方法（P均＜0.05）。不同治疗方案之间T1小鼠胫骨解剖学量化参数差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）；联合药物治疗方案下***2结果低于其他治疗方案（P均＜0.05）。联合药物治疗方案下，相比T1，T2乳腺癌骨转移小鼠胫骨BV/TV、***数值增大而VV/TV数值减小（P均＜0.05）；Vatalanib和Bevacizumab治疗方案下T2时间点小鼠胫骨BV/TV、***及***数值均增大（P均＜0.05）；安慰剂方案下BV/TV、***数值增大（P均＜0.05）。结论结合SR-μCT技术和自动化标记分水岭算法可初步量化评估乳腺癌胫骨转移小鼠胫骨局部骨组织和血管三维结构。

关键词： X线显微体层摄影术肿瘤转移小鼠血管图像处理,计算机辅助

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一种新的期限与成本平衡为导向的Spark作业调度算法

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计算机工程 2024年

作者：何玉林莫沛恒黄哲学 philippe Fournier-Viger 人工智能与数字经济广东省实验室(深圳) 深圳大学计算机与软件学院

大数据计算框架如Apache Spark在大数据分析任务中的重要性日益凸显。但是，仅依靠本地计算资源往往难以支撑数据密集型作业任务的处理。因此，一种可行的方案是租用公共云服务商的云资源，并将Spark集群完全部署在云端。然而，这样做... 详细信息

大数据计算框架如Apache Spark在大数据分析任务中的重要性日益凸显。但是，仅依靠本地计算资源往往难以支撑数据密集型作业任务的处理。因此，一种可行的方案是租用公共云服务商的云资源，并将Spark集群完全部署在云端。然而，这样做会导致计算成本过高。为了降低成本，越来越多的用户选择使用本地资源和云资源协同的方式构建混合云计算集群。但是，在混合云部署的Spark集群中，如何在满足多个服务水平协议需求(例如最小化成本和保证作业截止期限)的同时完成作业调度是一项具有挑战性的任务。现有的研究主要关注如何降低集群使用成本或者提高作业截止日期的满足率，而没有考虑这两个目标之间的平衡。针对这一问题，本文提出了一种新的期限-成本感知蚁群优化(Deadline-Cost Aware Ant Colony Optimization，DC-ACO)作业调度算法，该算法能够在利用混合云部署集群中不同虚拟机(Virtual Machine，VM)实例定价优化集群VM使用成本的同时，最大限度地保证作业截止日期的满足百分比。详实可信的仿真实验被执行用以对比提出的DC-ACO作业调度算法与基线算法的性能。实验结果表明，DC-ACO算法具有良好的可扩展性，并且能够将作业截止日期的满足百分比提升约20%，同时将混合集群的VM使用成本降低约10%。

关键词： Spark 作业调度混合云蚁群优化算法作业截止期限虚拟机使用成本

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基于大数据随机样本划分的分布式观测点分类器

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计算机应用 2024年第6期44卷 1727-1733页

作者：李旭何玉林崔来中黄哲学 philippe Fournier-Viger 人工智能与数字经济广东省实验室(深圳) 广东深圳518107 深圳大学计算机与软件学院广东深圳518060

观测点分类器(OPC)是一种试图通过将多维样本空间线性不可分问题转换成一维距离空间线性可分问题的有监督学习模型,对高维数据的分类问题尤为有效。针对OPC在处理大数据分类问题时表现的较高训练复杂度,在Spark框架下设计一款基于大数... 详细信息

观测点分类器(OPC)是一种试图通过将多维样本空间线性不可分问题转换成一维距离空间线性可分问题的有监督学习模型,对高维数据的分类问题尤为有效。针对OPC在处理大数据分类问题时表现的较高训练复杂度,在Spark框架下设计一款基于大数据的随机样本划分(RSP)的分布式OPC(DOPC)。首先,在分布式计算环境下生成大数据的RSP数据块,并将它转换为弹性分布式数据集(RDD);其次,在RSP数据块上协同式地训练一组OPC,由于每个RSP数据块上的OPC独立训练,因此有高效的Spark可实现性;最后,在Spark框架下将在RSP数据块上协同训练的OPC集成为DOPC,对新样本进行类标签预测。在8个大数据集上,对Spark集群环境下实现的DOPC的可行性、合理性和有效性进行实验验证,实验结果显示,DOPC能够以更低的计算消耗获得比单机OPC更高的测试精度,同时相较于Spark框架下实现的基于RSP模型的神经网络(NN)、决策树(DT)、朴素贝叶斯(NB)和K最近邻(KNN),DOPC分类器具有更强的泛化性能。测试结果表明,DOPC是一种高效低耗的处理大数据分类问题的有监督学习算法。

关键词：大数据分类分布式文件系统随机样本划分观测点分类器 Spark计算框架

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Manufacture of Industrial Refractory Crucibles Based on Clays from Burkina Faso

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 79-90页

作者： Kassoum Barry Youssouf Sawadogo Moustapha Sawadogo Brahima Sorgho Mohamed Seynou Boubié Guel philippe Blanchart Lamine Zerbo Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Materials (LC2M) University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute of Research for Ceramic (IRCER) European Ceramic Centre (CEC) Limoges France

In Burkina Faso, one of the three largest gold producers in West Africa, foundry activity is often paralyzed when basic equipment such as crucibles and cups are not available or should be imported. However, previous studies have shown the availability of kaolinite-rich clay resources that could be used for the local manufacture of silico-aluminous ceramic crucibles. This work allowed to manufacture industrial ceramic crucibles with local clays and then they were tested in foundry industry. The materials were manufactured from three (03) raw materials including two clays (SAB and ROU) and sand. The chemical and mineral analysis has shown that the raw materials are suitable for the formulation of refractory materials. The results of characterization of the materials formulated showed that the properties of use are appreciable. The porosity of the materials is relatively low (23 - 28 vol%) with a diametral compressive strength between 0.61 and 1.34 MPa. Crucibles sintered at 1250˚C with a stay of 2 hours have a mechanical strength capable of supporting the weight of the ores contained. These crucibles have a refractoriness under load (T0.5) above 1141˚C and resist chemical attacks. Tests were carried out in the industry at 1100˚C, and the results were satisfactory.

关键词： Refractory Foundry Activity Compressive Strength Chemical Resistance

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含二硫化硒洗发水对中-重度头皮脂溢性皮炎外用糖皮质激素/水杨酸治疗后的疗效维持作用

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中华皮肤科杂志 2024年第5期57卷 483-484页

作者： philippe Massiot Pascal Reygagne Corinne Chagnoleau Leila Kanoun-Copy Florence Pouradier Geneviève Loussouarn Catherine Queille-Roussel Hussein Jouni Delphine Kerob L'Oréal Research and Innovation Saint-Ouen France. Centre Sabouraud Hôpital Saint-Louis 1 avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75010 Paris France. CPCAD Hôpital l'Archet Nice France. L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois France. Cosmetic Active International Levallois-Perret France.

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与... 详细信息

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与亲脂性马拉色菌定植增加以及遗传、环境和全身健康状况等因素相关,上述因素共同导致皮脂腺代谢活动异常、皮脂成分改变、表皮屏障功能障碍,最终加重炎症反应。

关键词：头皮脂溢性皮炎二硫化硒洗发水亲脂性炎症反应马拉色菌皮脂腺黏着性

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