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Origin and diversification of maize: Two teosintes but different contributions

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 233-235页

作者： Jonathan Acosta-Bayona Gloria Leon-Martinez Jean-philippe Vielle-Calzada Grupo de Desarrollo Reproductivo y Apomixis UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genomica para la BiodiversidadCinvestav IrapuatoIrapuato Gto CP36825Mexico

The unique topographic,climatic,and latitudinal heterogeneity of Mesoamerica is crucial to understanding the evolutionary emergence of one of the richest cultural and biological regions in the planet and its impact on food production.Broadly divided between two regions of large biodiversity-lowland tropical or coastal zones and temperate or subtropical highlands sculpted by parallel sierras and their central plateau-the Mexican territory harbors more than 2000 endemic monocotyledonous species,including several hundred grasses(Poaceae),particularly those belonging to the genus Zea,composed of maize(Zea mays ssp.mays)and its wild relatives,collectively referred as teosintes.

关键词： collective planet harbor

The top-order energy of quasilinear wave equations in two space dimensions is uniformly bounded

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 270-283页

作者： Shijie Dong philippe G.LeFloch Zhen Lei Southern University of Science and Technology SUSTech International Center for Mathematicsand Department of MathematicsShenzhen 518055China Fudan University School of Mathematical Sciences220 Handan RoadShanghai 200433China Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Sorbonne Université4 Place JussieuParis 75252France Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences Shanghai 200433China

Alinhac solved a long-standing open problem in 2001 and established that quasilinear wave equations in two space dimensions with quadratic null nonlinearities admit global-in-time solutions,provided that the initial data are compactly supported and sufficiently small in Sobolev norm.In this work,Alinhac obtained an upper bound with polynomial growth in time for the top-order energy of the solutions.A natural question then arises whether the time-growth is a true phenomenon,despite the possible conservation of basic energy.In the present paper,we establish that the top-order energy of the solutions in Alinhac theorem remains globally bounded in time.

关键词： Quasilinear wave equation Global-in-time solution Uniform energy bounds Quadratic null nonlinearity Hyperboloidal foliation method Vector field method

Characteristics of patients with Wilson disease in the United States: An insurance claims database study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 791-799页

作者： Thomas Daniel-Robin Pradeep Kumar Bernard Benichou Jean-philippe Combal Vivet Therapeutics Paris 75008France Clarivate Noida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUND Wilson disease(WD)is a progressive,potentially fatal degenerative disease affecting the liver and central nervous system.Given its low prevalence,collecting data on large cohorts of patients with WD is challenging.Comprehensive insur-ance claims databases provide powerful tools to collect retrospective data on large numbers of patients with rare diseases.AIM To describe patients with WD in the United States,their treatment and clinical outcome,using a large insurance claims database.METHODS This retrospective,longitudinal study was performed in the Clarivate Real-World Data Product database.All patients with≥2 claims associated with an Interna-tional Classification of Diseases 10(ICD-10)diagnostic code for WD(E83.01)between 2016 and 2021 were included and followed until death or study end.Patients were divided into two groups by whether or not they were documented to have received a specific treatment for WD.Clinical manifestations,hospital-isations,liver transplantation and death were documented.RESULTS Overall,5376 patients with an ICD-10 diagnostic code for WD were identified.The mean age at inclusion was 41.2 years and 52.0%were men.A specific WD treatment was documented for 885 patients(15.1%),although the number of patients taking zinc salts may be underestimated due to over the counter purchase.At inclusion,the mean age of patients with a documented treatment was 36.6±17.8 years vs 42.2±19.6 years in those without a documented treatment.During follow-up,273 patients(5.1%)died.Compared with the American general population,the standardised mortality ratio was 2.19.The proportion of patients with a documented WD-specific treatment who died during follow-up was 4.0%and the mean age at death 52.7 years.CONCLUSION Patients treated for WD in the United States had an excess early mortality compared with the American population.These findings indicate that there is a significant unmet need for effective treatment for WD in the United States.

关键词： Wilson disease Mortality Treatment Copper chelators Zinc acetate United States

Acetic acid additive in NaNO_(3)aqueous electrolyte for long-lifespan Mg-air batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 825-839页

作者： Yaqing Zhou Fan Sun Gunahua Lin Sandrine Zanna Antoine Seyeux philippe Marcus Jolanta´Swiatowska Chimie ParisTech-CNRS PSL UniversityInstitut de Recherche de Chimie Paris11 rue Pierre et Marie CurieParis 75005France

Mg-air batteries have attracted tremendous attention as a potential next-generation power source for portable electronics and e-transportation due to their remarkable high theoretical volumetric energy density,environmental sustainability,and cost-effectiveness.However,the fast hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in NaCl-based aqueous electrolytes impairs the performance of Mg-air batteries and leads to poor specific capacity,low energy density,and low utilization.Thus,the conventionally used NaCl solute was proposed to be replaced by NaNO_(3)and acetic acid additive as a corrosion inhibitor,therefore an electrolyte engineering for long-life time Mg-air batteries is reported.The resulting Mg-air batteries based on this optimized electrolyte demonstrate an improved discharge voltage reaching~1.8 V for initial 5 h at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm^(2) and significantly prolonged cells'operational lifetime to over 360 h,in contrast to only~17 h observed in NaCl electrolyte.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the composition of surface film and scanning electron microscopy combined with transmission electron microscopy to clarify the morphology changes of the surface layer as a function of acetic acid addition.The thorough studies of chemical composition and morphology of corrosion products have allowed us to elucidate the working mechanism of Mg anode in this optimized electrolyte for Mg-air batteries.

关键词： Acetic acid additive in NaNO_(3)electrolyte Electrolyte engineering Corrosion surface film Surface characterization Hydrogen evolution

Chitin-glucan improves important pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Caroline Dubuquoy philippe Chavatte Michaël Genin Veronique Maquet Salvatore Modica Pierre Desreumaux Christel Rousseaux Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal Biotech Development Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France ULR 2694-METRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZyme SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterology Department Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most frequent and debilitating conditions leading to gastroenterological referrals.However,recommended treatments remain limited,yielding only limited therapeutic gains.Chitin-glucan(CG)is a novel dietary prebiotic classically used in humans at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety Authority.To provide an alternative approach to managing patients with IBS,we performed preclinical molecular,cellular,and animal studies to evaluate the role of chitin-glucan in the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in IBS.AIM To evaluate the roles of CG in visceral analgesia,intestinal inflammation,barrier function,and to develop computational molecular models.METHODS Visceral pain was recorded through colorectal distension(CRD)in a model of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal administration of TNBS[15 milligrams(mg)/kilogram(kg)]in 33 Sprague-Dawley rats.Intracolonic pressure was regularly assessed during the 9 wk-experiment(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in animals receiving CG(n=14)at a human equivalent dose(HED)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and compared to negative control(tap water,n=11)and positive control(phloroglucinol at 1.5 g/d HED,n=8)groups.The anti-inflammatory effect of CG was evaluated using clinical and histological scores in 30 C57bl6 male mice with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)administered in their drinking water during 14 d.HT-29 cells under basal conditions and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)were treated with CG to evaluate changes in pathways related to analgesia μ-opioid receptor(MOR),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,inflammation[interleukin(IL)-10,IL-1b,and IL-8]and barrier function[mucin 2-5AC,claudin-2,zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real-time PCR method.Molecular modelling of CG,LPS,lipoteichoic acid(LTA),and phospholipomannan(PLM)was developed,and the ability of CG to chelate microbial pathogenic lipids

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal pain Inflammation Intestinal barrier Molecular modelling Microbial cell walls chelation

Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.Ng Yul Koh Joshua E.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip development.The localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising characteristics.Unlike traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic chamber.Moreover,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane waveguide.Experimental demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS channels.These experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

Multi-scale persistent spatiotemporal transformer for long-term urban traffic flow prediction

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 53-69页

作者： Jia-Jun Zhong Yong Ma Xin-Zheng Niu philippe Fournier-Viger Bing Wang Zu-kuan Wei School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China College of Computer Science&Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China School of Computer Science Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Long-term urban traffic flow prediction is an important task in the field of intelligent transportation,as it can help optimize traffic management and improve travel efficiency.To improve prediction accuracy,a crucial issue is how to model spatiotemporal dependency in urban traffic data.In recent years,many studies have adopted spatiotemporal neural networks to extract key information from traffic data.However,most models ignore the semantic spatial similarity between long-distance areas when mining spatial dependency.They also ignore the impact of predicted time steps on the next unpredicted time step for making long-term predictions.Moreover,these models lack a comprehensive data embedding process to represent complex spatiotemporal dependency.This paper proposes a multi-scale persistent spatiotemporal transformer(MSPSTT)model to perform accurate long-term traffic flow prediction in cities.MSPSTT adopts an encoder-decoder structure and incorporates temporal,periodic,and spatial features to fully embed urban traffic data to address these issues.The model consists of a spatiotemporal encoder and a spatiotemporal decoder,which rely on temporal,geospatial,and semantic space multi-head attention modules to dynamically extract temporal,geospatial,and semantic characteristics.The spatiotemporal decoder combines the context information provided by the encoder,integrates the predicted time step information,and is iteratively updated to learn the correlation between different time steps in the broader time range to improve the model’s accuracy for long-term prediction.Experiments on four public transportation datasets demonstrate that MSPSTT outperforms the existing models by up to 9.5%on three common metrics.

关键词： Graph neural network Multi-head attention mechanism Spatio-temporal dependency Traffic flow prediction

Interest of thoracic ultrasound after cardiac surgery or interventional cardiology

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第3期16卷 118-125页

作者： Martin Boussuges philippe Blanc Fabienne Bregeon Alain Boussuges Service de Pneumologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud ReunionSaint Pierre 97410Ile de la ReunionFrance Department of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Ste Clotilde&YlangYlang Rehabilitation CenterSainte Clotilde 97491Ile de la ReunionFrance Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires Centre Hospitalier Universitaire NordAssistance Publique des Hôpitaux de MarseilleMarseille 13015France Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection Aix Marseille UniversitéMarseille 13005France Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Aix Marseille UniversitéInstitut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleInstitut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculturel’Alimentation et l’EnvironnementMarseille 13005France

Thoracic ultrasound has attracted much interest in detecting pleural effusion or pulmonary consolidation after cardiac surgery.In 2016,Trovato reported,in the World Journal of Cardiology,the interest of using,in addition to echocardiography,thoracic ultrasound.In this editorial,we highlight the value of assessing diaphragm function after cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology pro-cedures.Various factors are able to impair diaphragm function after such interventions.Diaphragm motion may be decreased by chest pain secondary to sternotomy,pleural effusion or impaired muscle function.Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis may be secondary to phrenic nerve damage complicating cardiac surgery or atrial fibrillation ablation.Diagnosis may be delayed.Indeed,respi-ratory troubles induced by diaphragm dysfunction are frequently attributed to pre-existing heart disease or pulmonary complications secondary to surgery.In addition,elevated hemidiaphragm secondary to diaphragm dysfunction is sometimes not observed on chest X-ray performed in supine position in the intensive care unit.Analysis of diaphragm function by ultrasound during the recovery period appears essential.Both hemidiaphragms can be studied by two complementary ultrasound methods.The mobility of each hemidiaphragms is measured by M-mode ultrasonography.In addition,recording the percentage of inspiratory thickening provides important information about the quality of muscle function.These two approaches make it possible to detect hemidiaphragm paralysis or dysfunction.Such a diagnosis is important because persistent diaphragm dysfunction after cardiac surgery has been shown to be associated with adverse respiratory outcome.Early respiratory physio-therapy is able to improve respiratory function through strengthening of the inspiratory muscles i.***.diaphragm and accessory inspiratory muscles.

关键词： Ultrasonography Diaphragm Phrenic nerve Hemidiaphragm Thickening fraction Physiotherapy

Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU Xiaoyan LI philippe CIAIS Hongyan LIU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin POULTER Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric CO_(2)inversions.We discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive anomaly.This seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation phase.The legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six months.Our findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening Land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange Legacy effect