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Three-dimensional mapping and comparative analysis of the distal human corpus cavernosum and the inflatable penile prosthesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第4期15卷 567-570,I0012页

作者： Tariq S Hakky Daniel Ferguson philippe E Spiess Paul Bradley Tom FLue Rafael E Carrion Department of Urology University of South Florida Tampa General Circle Tampa FL 33602 USA 23D3Solutions Burnaby BCV5J 5M8 Canada and Department of Urology University of Southern California San Francisco 400 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA

The intricate anatomy of the corpus cavernosum in both the flaccid and tumescent state has not been fully elucidated. We report our experience using a three-dimensional （3D） scanner to reconstruct cadaveric casts and compare them with 3D images of two prototypes of penile prosthesis. Two different models of the Titan Coloplast inflatable penile prosthesis were analyzed using a 3D scanner. The first was the standard model and the second was a newer model with a rounder silicone tip. Two cadaveric phalluses were harvested using Smooth-Cast 300Q polyurethane molding. The molds were excised and scanned along side the penile prosthesis. 3D scans were completed and analyzed using Leios Mesh software, and GoM Inspect software. The 3D scans demonstrated the mean human corporal radii 2 mm from the distal tip to be 36.51 mm （36.01-37.0 mm）, which is an obtuse angle. The standard Titan penile prosthesis spherical radius at the same level was 202.52 mm, while the new silicone tip prosthesis had a radius of 139.33 mm. 3D mapping further demonstrated the trajectory of the cavernosa appeared curvilinear and the distal ends appeared blunt. The use of cadaveric cavernosal molds in combination with the 3D scanner allowed us to accurately image the corpus cavernosum for the first time. our findings suggest that anatomically accurate corporal tips appear to be relatively blunt and that the new Titan silicone tip penile prosthesis more closely resembles the human corporal tip.

关键词： corpus cavernosum penile prosthesis three-dimensional analysis

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Highly regular rosette-shaped cathodoluminescence in GaN selfassembled nanodisks and nanorods

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2500-2505页

作者： Bijun Zhao Mark Nicolas Lockrey Naiyin Wang philippe Caroffu Xiaoming Yuan Li Li JenniferWong-Leung Hark Hoe Tan Chennupati Jagadish Departm ent of Electronic Materials Engineering Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberra 0200ACTAustralia Australian National Fabrication Facility Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberra 0200ACTAustralia Hunan Key Laboratory for Supermicrostructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South University932 South Lushan RoadChangsha 410083China ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-o ptical Systems Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberra 0200ACTAustralia

Self-assembled GaN nanorods were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition.A highly regular rosette-shaped cathodoluminescence pattern in the GaN nanorods is observed,where its origin is helpful to deepen the understanding of GaN nanorod *** pattern forms at the very early stages of nanorod growth,which consists of yellow luminescence at the edges and the non-luminous region at six vertices of the *** clarify its origin,we carried out detailed cathodoluminescence studies,electron microscopy studies and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry at both the nanorod surface and *** found the pattern is not related to optical resonance modes or polarity inversion,which are commonly reported in GaN *** chemical composition and strain analysis,we found higher carbon and nitrogen cluster concentration and large compressive strain at the pattern *** pattern formation may relate to facet preferential distribution of non-radiative recombination centers related to excess carbon/*** work provides an insight into strain distribution and defect-related emission in GaN nanorod,which is critical for future optoelectronic applications.

关键词： metalorganic chemical vapor deposition(MoCVD) GaN nanorod cathodoluminescence yellow luminescence non-radiative recombination

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Global significance of oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of pedogenic carbonates since the Cretaceous

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 34-45页

作者： Marc Jolivet philippe Boulvais Géosciences Rennes CNRSUniv RennesUMR 6118F-35000RennesFrance

Few global syntheses of oxygen and carbon isotope composition of pedogenic carbonates have been attempted,unlike marine *** carbonates represent in-situ indicators of the climate conditions prevailing on *** δ^(18)o and δ^(13)C values of pedogenic carbonates are controlled by local and global factors,many of them not affecting the marine carbonates largely used to probe global climate *** compile pedogenic oxygen and carbon isotopic data(N=12,167)fromCretaceous to Quaternary-aged paleosols to identify potential trends through time and tie them to possible controlling *** discrete events such as the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum are clearly evidenced,our analysis reveals an increasing complexity in the distribution of the δ^(18)o vs δ^(13)C values through the *** could be expected,the rise of C4 plants induces a shift towards higherδ13C values during the Neogene and *** also show that the increase in global hypsometry during the Neogene plays a major role in controlling the δ^(18)o and δ^(13)C values of pedogenic carbonates by increasing aridity downwind of orographic ***,during the Quaternary,an increase of 3‰in δ^(18)o values is recorded both by the pedogenic carbonates and the marine foraminifera suggesting that both indicators may be used to track global climate signal.

关键词： Global isotopic signal Cretaceous–Quaternary Pedogenic carbonates Topography

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Advanced protection against environmental degradation of silver mirror stacks for space application

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 1-9页

作者： Rajendra Kurapati Vincent Maurice Antoine Seyeux Lorena H.Klein Dimitri Mercier Gregory Chauveau Catherine Grees-Besset Loic Berthod philippe Marcus PSL Research University CNRS-Chimie ParisTechInstitut De Recherche De Chimie ParisPhysical Chemistry of Surfaces Group11 Rue Pierre Et Marie Curie75005 ParisFrance CILAS MARSEILLE 600 Avenue De La Roche FourcadePole ALPHA Sud-Saint Mitre13400 AubagneFrance CNES Sous-direction Assurance QualitéService TechnologiesMatériaux Et Procédés18 AvenueÉdouard Belin31401 ToulouseFrance

Protection of silver mirror stacks from environmental degradation before launching is crucial for space ***,we report a comparative study of the advanced protection of silver mirror stacks for space telescopes provided by Sio_(2)and Al_(2)o_(3)coatings in conditions of accelerated aging by *** model silver stack samples were deposited by cathodic magnetron sputtering on a reference silica substrate for optical applications and a surface-pretreated SiC *** aging was per-formed in dry and more severe wet *** micrographic observations,surface and interface analysis by Time-of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)and reflectivity measurements were combined to comparatively study the effects of *** results show a lower kinetics of degradation by accelerated aging of the stacks protected by the alumina coating in comparable test conditions.

关键词： Mirror layers Protection Layers Silver Atmospheric corrosion Accelerated aging Surface analysis Space applications

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女人缘何不爱玩游戏

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新东方英语（中英文版） 2005年第11期 108-112页

作者： philippe o'Connor 张静

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Soluble CD40 ligand in prediction of acute severe pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第10期12卷 1613-1616页

作者： Jean Louis Frossard philippe Morel Brenda Kwak Catherine Pastor Thierry Berney Léo Buhler Alain Von Laufen Sandrine Demulder Francois Mach Division of Gastroenterology Geneva University HospitalGenève Switzerland Clinic of Digestive Surgery Geneva University Hospital Genève Switzerland Division of Cardiology Geneva University Hospital Genève Switzerland

AIM： To assess the early predictability of the soluble CD40L （sCD40L） in pancreatitis severity. METHoDS： Between February 2000 and February 2003, 279 consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were prospectively enrolled in our study. In this report, 40 patients with mild and 40 patients with severe pancreatitis were randomly studied, sCD40L concentrations were measured 48 hours after admission. RESULTS： sCD40L levels were significantly higher 48 hours after admission in severe pancreatitis than in mild pancreatitis. Using a cutoff of 1000 pg/L, the sensitivity and specificity of sCD40L to detect a severe course of the disease were 78% and 62% respectively compared to 72% and 81% for CRP. Logistic regression analysis found that CRP was the only statistically significant marker able to detect a severe course of the disease. CoNCLUSIoN： These findings indicate that CRP remains a valuable marker to determine the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis whereas sCD40L levels should be assessed in further studies.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Prognostic factor sCD40

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Climate Warming Mitigation from Nationally Determined Contributions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1217-1228页

作者： Bo FU Jingyi LI Thomas GASSER philippe CIAIS Shilong PIAo Shu TAo Guofeng SHEN Yuqin LAI Luchao HAN Bengang LI Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA) 2361 LaxenburgAustria Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions(NDCs)to alleviate global warming in the Paris ***,the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’decision-making *** this study,we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario(ΔT=0.6°C)and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system *** reductions in Co_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)o,BC,and So_(2),the R5oECD(the organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1990)and R5ASIA(Asian countries)are the top two contributors to global warming mitigation,accounting for 39.3%and 36.8%,respectively.R5LAM(Latin America and the Caribbean)and R5MAF(the Middle East and Africa)followed behind,with contributions of 11.5%and 8.9%,*** remaining 3.5%is attributed to R5REF(the Reforming Economies).Carbon Dioxide emission reduction is the decisive factor of regional contributions,but not the only *** greenhouse gases are also important,especially for *** contribution of short-lived aerosols is small but significant,notably So_(2)reduction in *** argue that additional species beyond Co_(2)need to be considered,including short-lived pollutants,when planning a route to mitigate climate *** needs to be emphasized that there is still a gap to achieve the Paris Agreement 2-degree target with current NDC efforts,let alone the ambitious 1.5-degree *** countries need to pursue stricter reduction policies for a more sustainable world.

关键词： climate mitigation nationally determined contributions attribution regional contribution integrated assessment models

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Polyaniline Supported 12-Tungstosilicic Acid as the Catalyst for Acetals and Ketals Synthesis

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第3期24卷 371-375页

作者：杨永金 philippe G Merle Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Hubei Normal University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University

A novel environmental friendly catalyst, H4SiW12o40/PAn was prepared and identified by FT-IR, XRD and TG/DTA. The optimal synthetic protocol was a PAn to H4SiW12o40 mass ratio of 1 ： 1, a 20 mL of methanol and a reaction time of 2 h at reflux. It was used in catalytic synthesis of ten important ketals and acetals with a high catalytic activity. With an aldehyde/ketone to glycol molar ratio of 1 ： 1.5 and a 1 wt% catalyst loading, the yields of ketals and acetals could reach 60.0%- 93.8 % after 1 h.

关键词： 12-tungstosilicic acid polyaniline acetal ketal catalysis

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GABAB receptor activation protects neurons from apoptosis via IGF-I receptor transactivation

GABAB receptor activation protects neurons from apoptosis vi...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： philippe Rondard Jean-philippe Pin Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique（CNRS） Unite Mixte de Recherche 5203Institut de Genomique FonctionnelleMontpellierFrance and INSERMU661MontpellierFrance and Universite Montpellier 12Montpellier F-34000France

＜正＞The G-protein coupled receptors（GPCRs） and receptor tyrosine kinases（RTKs） play key roles in cell-cell *** studies have revealed important synergisms between these two types of receptors,with some of the actions of either receptor being mediated through transactivation of the *** the large GPCR family,GABAB receptor is activated by the neurotransmitterγ-aminobutyric acid,and is expressed in most neurons where it mediates slow and prolonged inhibition of synaptic *** we show that this receptor is involved in the regulation of life and death decisions of cerebellar granule neurons（CGNs）.We show that specific activation of GABAB receptor can protect neurons from apoptosis through a mechanism that involves transactivation of the IGF-1 *** work demonstrated that this cross-talk was dependent on Gi/o-protein,PLC and PKC,while IGF-1 receptor-induced signaling involved Src kinase,PI3 kinase and Akt *** results reveal a new function for this important GPCR and further highlight the importance of functional cross-talk networks between GPCRs and *** results reveal GABAB receptor as a potential drug target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： GABAB receptor Baclofen apoptosis cerebellum neuroprotection phosphoinositide 3-kinase

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Livestock induces strong spatial heterogeneity of soil Co2, N2o and CH4 emissions within a semi-arid sylvo-pastoral landscape in West Africa

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第2期9卷 210-221页

作者： Mohamed H ASSoUMA Dominique SERCA Frederic GUERIN Vincent BLANFoRT philippe LECoMTE Ibra ToURE Alexandre ICKoWICZ Raphael J MANLAY Martial BERNoU Jonathan VAYSSIERES CIRAD-UMR Selmet Campus International Baillarguet Montpellier 34398 France DP PPZS ISRA-LNERV BP 2057 Dakar Hann Senegal Laboratoire d'Aerologie-oMP Universite Paul Sabatier 14 Avenue Edouard Belin Toulouse 31400 France Geosciences Environnement Toulouse UMR 5563 & UR 234 IRD Universite Paul Sabatier Avenue Edouard Belin 14 Toulouse 31400 France CILSS 03 BP 7049 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso AgroParisTech-UMR Eco&Sols 2 place Viala Montpellier SupAgro Montpellier 34060 France IRD-UMR Eco&Sols 2 place Viala Montpellier SupAgro Montpellier 34060 France

Greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions from the surface soils and surface water receiving animal excreta may be important components of the GHG balance of terrestrial ecosystems, but the associated processes are poorly documented in tropical environments, especially in tropical arid and semi-arid areas. A typical sylvo-pastoral landscape in the semi-arid zone of Senegal, West Africa, was investigated in this study. The study area （706 km2 of managed pastoral land） was a circular zone with a radius of 15 km centered on a borehole used to water livestock. The landscape supports a stocking rate ranging from 0.11 to 0.39 tropical livestock units per hectare depending on the seasonal movements of the livestock. Six landscape units were investigated （land in the vicinity of the borehole, natural ponds, natural rangelands, forest plantations, settlements, and enclosed plots）. Carbon dioxide （Co2）, nitrous oxide （N2o） and methane （CH4） fluxes were measured with static chambers set up at 13 sites covering the six landscape units, and the 13 sites are assumed to be representative of the spatial heterogeneity of the emissions. A total of 216 fluxes were measured during the one-year study period （May 2014 to April 2015）. At the landscape level, soils and surface water emitted an average 19.8 t C-Co2 eq/（hm2.a）（Co2： 82%, N2o： 15%, and CH4： 3%）, but detailed results revealed notable spatial heterogeneity of GHG emissions. Co2 fluxes ranged from 1148.2 （±91.6） mg/（m2.d） in rangelands to 97,980.2 （±4,861.7） mg/（m2.d） in surface water in the vicinity of the borehole. N2o fluxes ranged from 0.6 （±0.1） mg/（m2.d） in forest plantations to 22.6 （±10.8） mg/（m2.d） in the vicinity of the borehole. CH4 fluxes ranged from -3.2 （±0.3） mg/（m2.d） in forest plantations to 8788.5 （±2295.9） mg/（m2.d） from surface water in the vicinity of the borehole. This study identified GHG emission ＂hot spots＂ in the landscape. Emissions from the surface soils were significantly higher in the landscape units most freq

关键词： greenhouse gases soil surface water livestock landscape Senegal

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