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Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU Xiaoyan LI philippe CIAIS Hongyan LIU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin PoULTER Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric Co_(2)*** discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive *** seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation *** legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six *** findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening Land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange Legacy effect

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Ceramic Properties of Three Specimens of Alluvial Clays Used in Local Constructions from Mbouda Clay Deposit, West Cameroon

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第5期12卷 265-279页

作者： Philémon Zo’o Zame Sylvain Kouayep Lawou philippe Samba Assomo Audrey Erman Moutsou Yannick Lontchi Dzoti Véronique Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala Faculty of Science University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Higher Teacher Training College Bertoua University of Bertoua Bertoua Cameroon Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The Mbouda alluvial deposit is located at the foot of the Bamboutos mountains (West Cameroon) where three types of clayey materials are widespread. The populations collect these clays in their natural state in view of constructions using fired bricks or compressed blocks. Unfortunately, these buildings are not strong. This study investigates the causes of the strengthlessness of buildings and suggests solutions to overcome the difficulty. The research content includes field and laboratory studies. The methodology consists of sampling black (AN), white (AB) and red (AR) clays specimens identified in the study area and analysing them simultaneously at MIPRoMALo (Cameroon) and at ACME LAB in Vancouver (Canada). The results obtained show a high sand content in the samples AN (64%), AB (55.2%), AR (30.9%). The compressive strength of the built specimens is low at 900˚C considered as the traditional firing temperature AN (0.94 MPa), AB (5.25 MPa), AR (2.18 MPa). The mineralogical series are identically made by kaolinite, chlorite, gibbsite, quartz, muscovite, biotite, goethite, magnetite and hematite. Silica (Sio2) presents higher contents AN (52.87%), AB (48.02%), AR (47.68%) followed by alumina (Al2o3) AN (29.96%), AB (28.13%), AR (24.72%). The other elements are poorly represented.

关键词： Sand Bricks Clays Mechanical Properties Local Constructions

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碱改性铜锰尖晶石室温催化氧化空气中甲醛

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第5期60卷 337-350页

作者： Yongbiao Hua Kumar Vikrant Ki-Hyun Kim philippe M.Heynderickx Danil W.Boukhvalov 汉阳大学土木与环境工程系韩国首尔根特大学国际校区环境与能源研究中心催化与表征材料工程韩国仁川根特大学生物科学工程学院绿色化学与技术系比利时根特京林业大学理学院材料物理与化学研究所江苏南京210037 拉尔联邦大学物理与技术研究所俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡

甲醛(FA)作为一种有致癌风险的有害污染物,在室内环境中普遍存在.为了高效去除甲醛,催化氧化技术成为了一种既经济又节能的选择,它不仅能降低材料成本(例如避免使用贵金属),也能在无光和室温的条件下进行.本文制备了一种成本效益高的碱... 详细信息

甲醛(FA)作为一种有致癌风险的有害污染物,在室内环境中普遍存在.为了高效去除甲醛,催化氧化技术成为了一种既经济又节能的选择,它不仅能降低材料成本(例如避免使用贵金属),也能在无光和室温的条件下进行.本文制备了一种成本效益高的碱改性锰酸铜尖晶石(CuMn^(2)o_(4))催化剂,并用于甲醛催化氧化反应中.实验结果表明,采用碱(1 mol L^(-1)氢氧化钾)改性的CuMn^(2)o_(4)(1-CuMn^(2)o_(4))作为催化剂,在室温条件下,当甲醛浓度为50 ppm,气体空速为4777 h^(-1)时,甲醛转化率(XFA)达到100%;此外,在甲醛转化率为10%时,其稳态反应速率达到了8.18×10^(-2) mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).原位漫反射红外傅立叶变换光谱结果表明,在催化剂的作用下,甲醛分子经过二氧亚甲基和甲酸酯中间体的转化,最终被氧化为水和二氧化碳.进一步结合密度泛函理论模拟发现,1-CuMn^(2)o_(4)具有较高的催化氧化甲醛性能,可归因于甲醛分子更牢固地吸附在1-CuMn^(2)o_(4)表面,甲醛吸附所需的能量较低,以及最终产物从催化剂表面脱附所需的能量也较低的综合效应.本研究为在无光和室温条件下,高效去除空气中甲醛提供了新型高效、成本效益高且无需贵金属的催化剂,从而为室内空气净化提供了新的科学见解.

关键词：甲醛碱修饰锰酸铜尖晶石催化氧化室内空气

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NURBS-based DEM for non-spherical particles

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Particuology 2020年第2期18卷 65-76页

作者： Shiwen Liu Feiguo Chen Wei Ge philippe Ricoux State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 353Beijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Data Processing and Modeling TOTAL Scientific DivisionFrance

The discrete element method(DEM)is used to analyze complex practical granular systems;however,the representation of real shapes is an important consideration because behavior of non-spherical particles is unlike that of spherical particles both individually and *** this study,we use non-uniform rational basis-splines(NURBS)to describe the shapes of non-spherical particles and introduce a contact detection scheme based on quadratic convergence,to simulate the behaviors of elliptical *** simulation results are compared with those based on polygons,in terms of the shape description and contact treatment,to demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of NURBS-based DEM.

关键词： Non-spherical particle Discrete element method NURBS Facet-based DEM granular system

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Updates in the use of radiotherapy in the management of primary and locally-advanced penile cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 389-406页

作者： Akshar Patel Arash o.Naghavi Peter A.Johnstone philippe E.Spiess G.Daniel grass University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine TampaFLUSA Department of Radiation oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFLUSA Department of Genitourinary oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFLUSA

objective:Penile cancer is a rare malignancy in most developed countries,but may represent a significant oncologic challenge in certain African,Asian,and South American *** treatment approaches have been described in penile cancer,including *** review aimed to provide a synopsis of radiotherapy use in penile cancer management and the associated *** addition,we aimed to discuss palliative radiation for metastases to the penis and provide a brief overview of how tumor biology may assist with treatment ***:Peer-reviewed manuscripts related to the treatment of penile cancer with radio-therapy were evaluated by a PubMed search(1960-2021)in order to assess its role in the definitive and adjuvant *** manuscripts were also evaluated for descriptions of radiation-related ***:Though surgical resection of the primary is an excellent option for tumor control,select patients may be treated with organ-sparing radiotherapy by either external beam radiation or *** from randomized controlled trials comparing radiotherapy and surgery are lacking,and thus management is frequently determined by institutional practice patterns and available ***,this lack of clinical trial data leads to divergence in opinion regarding lymph node *** is further complicated in that many cited studies evaluating lymph node radiotherapy used non-modern radiotherapy delivery *** toxicity from either surgery or radiotherapy remains a challenging problem and further risk assessment is needed to guide intensification with multi-modal *** differences in tumor biology,based on human papillomavirus infection,may help aid future prognostic and predictive models in patient risk stratification or treatment ***:Penile cancer is a rare disease with limited clinical trial data driving the majority of treatment *** a result,the goal of management

关键词： Brachytherapy Chemoradiation Radiation Radiotherapy Penile cancer Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis Penile-sparing Penile metastase Human papillomavirus

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When parasitoids deal with the spatial distribution of their hosts: consequences for both partners

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 923-931页

作者： philippe Louapre Cecile Le Lann Thierry Hance Earth and Life Institue Universite Catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium CNRS Biogeosciences UMR 6282Universite Bourgogne Franche-ComteDijonFrance UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio University of Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance

Insect parasitoids developing inside hosts face a true challenge: hosts are scattered in the field and their localization and selection require the use of complex and sometime confusing information. It was assumed for a long time that small-brained organisms like parasitoids have evolved simple and efficient behavioral mechanisms, leading them to be adapted to a given ecological situation, for example, the spatial distribution o f hosts in the habitat. However, hosts are not static and their distribution may also vary through generations and within the life of parasitoid individuals. We investigated if and how parasitoids deal with such a spatial com plexity in a m esocosm experiment. We used the Aphidius rhopalosiphi/Sitobion avenae parasitoid/host system to investigate if parasitoid females experiencing different host aggregation levels exhibit different foraging behaviors independently of the number of hosts in the environment. We showed that A. rhopalosiphi females exploited hosts more intensively both within and among patches at higher host aggregation levels. We discussed the adaptiveness of such behaviors in the light of evolution and biological control.

关键词： Aphidius rhopalosiphi foraging behavior parasitoid sequential adjustment Sitobion avenae spatial distribution

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operator Equations and Duality Mappings in Sobolev Spaces with Variable Exponents

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第5期34卷 639-666页

作者： philippe G.CIARLET George DINCA Pavel MATEI Department of Mathematics City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bucharest14 Academiei Street010014 BucharestRomania. Technical University of Civil Engineering Department of Mathematics and Computer Science124 Lacul Tei Blvd.020396 BucharestRomania.

After studying in a previous work the smoothness of the space where dr- measF0 〉 o, with p（.） E C（~） and p（x）〉 1 for all x E , the authors study in this paper the strict and uniform convexity as well as some special properties of duality mappings defined on the same space. The results obtained in this direction are used for proving existence results for operator equations having the form Ju = Niu, where J is a duality mapping on Uro corresponding to the gauge function ~, and Nf is the Nemytskij operator generated by a Caratheodory function f satisfying an appropriate growth condition ensuring that Nf may be viewed as acting from Ur0 into its dual.

关键词： Monotone operators Smoothness Strict convexity Uniform convexity Duality mappings Sobolev spaces with a variable exponent Nemytskijoperators

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Catalytic synthesis of acetals and ketals with H3PW12o40/PAn

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Rare Metals 2008年第1期27卷 89-94页

作者： YANG Shuijin ZHANG Yijun DU Xinxian philippe G. Merle Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioanalytical Technique Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Hubei Normal University Huangshi 435002 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University Montreal H4B 1R6 Canada

A new environmental friendly catalyst H3PW12o40/PAn was prepared and identified by means of FT-IR,XRD,and TG/*** optimum conditions have been found;that is,the mass ratio of PAn to H3PW12o40 is 1：1.5,the volume of methanol is 20 mL,and the reflux reaction time is 3 *** structural identity of Keggin units is preserved after the incorporation into polyaniline *** activities of H3PW12o40/PAn in synthesizing 2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane,2,4-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane,cyclohexanone ethylene ketal,cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal,butanone ethylene ketal,butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal,2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane,4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane,2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane,and 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane were *** has been demon-strated that H3PW12o40/PAn is an excellent *** factors concerned in these reactions were *** optimum conditions are as follows：the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol（r） is 1：1.5,the mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants is 0.6%,and the reaction time is 1.0 *** these conditions,the yield is as follows：2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane,69.0%;2,4-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane,79.5%;cyclohexanone ethylene ketal,78.9%;cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal,85.3%;butanone ethylene ketal,56.9%;butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal,78.1%;2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane,76.3%;4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane,94.2%;2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane,70.7%;and 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane,79.2%.

关键词： phosphotungstic acid acetal ketal polyaniline catalysis

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The Influence of Climate Factors on the Stability of Infrastructures: Case of Forest Ecosystem in Southern Cameroon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第12期6卷 1317-1322页

作者： Philemon Zo’o Zame philippe Samba Assomo University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

The southern forest ecosystem of Cameroon extends from latitude 2° to 6°N and from 10° to 16°E. In order to investigate about the influence of climate factors on the infrastructures, the main parameters of local climate of that ecosystem have been evaluated. The results show that, the factors are stable and have a common trend. But, the abundance of precipitations;the important hydrographic network and the presence of dense forest appear as the majors climatic constraints that may be taken in account to ensure the stability of the infrastructures in forest ecosystem.

关键词： Forest Ecosystem Climate Factors Stability Infrastructures Cameroon

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Low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence but high perception of risk among healthcare workers at children’s hospital before second pandemic wave in Germany

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 484-494页

作者： Marietta Neumann Annette Aigner Eileen Rossow David Schwarz Maria Marschallek Jorg Steinmann Ralf Stucker Ingo Koenigs philippe Stock Department of Paediatrics Altona Children's HospitalUniversitat HamburgAltonaer KinderkrankenhausBleickenallee 3822763 HamburgGermany Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidermiology BerlinCharite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Department of Paediatric Surgery Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Labor Dr.Fenner and Colleagues Hamburg.Germany Department of Paediatric orthopaedics Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Department of Paediatric Surgery University Medical Centre Hamburg Eppendorf(UKE)HamburgGermany Department of Paediatrics Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany

Background Healthcare workers are considered a particularly high-risk group during the coronavirus disease 2019(CoVID-19)*** workers in paediatries are a unique subgroup:they come into frequent contact with children,who often experience few or no symptoms when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS CoV-2)and,therefore,may transmit the disease to unprotected *** Germany,no studies exist evaluating the risk of CoVID-19 to healthcare workers in paediatric *** We tested the staff at a large children's hospital in Germany for immunoglobulin(Ig)G antibodies against the nucle-ocapsid protein of SARS CoV-2 in a period between the first and second epidemic wave in *** used a questionnaire to assess each individual's exposure risk and his/her own perception of having already been infected with *** We recruited 619 participants from all sectors,clinical and non-clinical,constituting 70%of the entire *** seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 antibodies was 0.325%(95%confidence interval 0.039-I.168).Self-perceived risk of a previ-ous SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased with age(odds ratio,0.81;95%confidence interval,0.70-0.93).Having experienced symptoms more than doubled the odds of a high self-perceived risk(odds ratio,2.18;95%confidence interval,1.59--3.00).There was no significant difference in self perceived risk between men and *** Seroprevalence was low among healtheare workers at a large children's hospital in Germany before the second epidemic wave,and it was far from a level that confers herd ***-perceived risk of infection is often overestimated.

关键词： Health personnel SARS CoV-2 Seroepidemiologic studies Pediatrics

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