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Hydrolysable Chestnut Tannin Extract Chemical Complexity in Its Reactions for Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes(NIPU)Foams

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第6期11卷 2823-2848页

作者： Elham Azadeh Antonio Pizzi Christine gerardin-Charbonnier philippe gerardin LERMAB Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of LorraineVandoeuvre les Nancy54506France LERMAB University of LorraineEpinal88051France

Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams from a commercial hydrolysable tannin extract,chestnut wood tannin extract,have been prepared to determine what chemical species and products are taking part in the reactions *** method is based on two main steps:the reaction with dimethyl carbonate and the formation of urethane bonds by further reaction of the carbonated tannin with a diamine-like hexamethylene *** hydroxyl groups on the tannin polyphenols and on the carbohydrates intimately linked with it and part of a hydrolysable tannin are the groups involved in these *** carbohydrate skeleton of the hydrolysable tannin is also able to participate through its hydroxyl groups to the same two reactions rendering the whole molecular complex able to react to form *** analysis by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization(MALDI-TOF)mass spectrometry and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(13C NMR)to further investigate the reaction mechanisms involved revealed the unsuspected complexity of chestnut hydrolysable tannin,with different fragments reacting in different manners forming a hardened network of considerable *** the morphology and performance of these types of foams changes slightly with the change in the amount of glutaraldehyde and hexamine hardeners,the best performing foam formulation previously determined was scanned by SEM and analysed chemically for the structures formed.

关键词： Hydrolysable tannin chestnut tannin non-isocyanate bio polyurethanes NIPU MALDI-ToF ^(13)C NMR SEM bio-based materials

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Flexible Biofoams Based on Furanics and Fatty Acids Esterified Tannin

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第10期11卷 3625-3645页

作者： Elham Azadeh Ummi Hani Abdullah Christine gerardin Antonio Pizzi philippe gerardin Cesar Segovia LERMAB University of LorraineBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54000France Department of Wood and Fiber Industries Faculty of Forestry and EnvironmentUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor43400Malaysia Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP) Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor43400Malaysia CETELOR University of LorraineEpinal88000France

Water repellant,flexible biofoams using tannin esterified with various fatty acid chains,namely lauric,palmitic and oleic acids,by reaction with lauryl chloride,palmitoyl chloride,and oleyl chloride were developed and their characteristics compared with the equivalently esterified rigid ***,while initially added to control the reaction temperature,was used as a plasticizer yielding flexible biofoams presenting the same water repellant character that the equivalent rigid *** was used as the cross-linking agent instead of formaldehyde,as it showed a better performance with the esterified *** compression results showed a significant decrease of the Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)of the flexible foams in relation to that of the rigid foams,confirming their flexible *** lauryl-and palmitoyl-esterified biofoams presented similar mechanical properties,while the oleyl-esterified biofoam presented different mechanical and morphological result not really showing the expected *** the esterified rigid and flexible tannin-based biofoams showed good water resistance and their sessile drop contact angle analysis as a function of time confirmed this *** Electron Microscope(SEM)analysis showed the flexible foams to present a higher proportion of closed cells than the rigid ***,the cells depth of the flexible foams was lower than that of the rigid *** regards their thermal resistance,the flexible foams showed a slight loss of mass compared to the rigid ones without *** types of foams presented much lower surface friability of non-esterified rigid foams.

关键词： Flexible tannin-furanic foams esterified tannins water repellence TGA SEM compression

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Biological performance of particleboard incorporated with boron minerals

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第1期28卷 195-203页

作者： Evren Terzi S.Nami Kartal philippe gerardin Claudia Marcela Ibanez Tsuyoshi Yoshimura Department of Forest Biology and Wood Protection Technology Faculty of ForestryIstanbul University34473 BahcekoyIstanbulTurkey Faculte des Sciences et Technologies Universite de Lorraine54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy CedexFrance Unidad Academica de Gestion Tecnologica Departamento TecnologicoFacultad de QuimicaUniversidad de la Republica UruguayMontevideoUruguay Laboratory of Innovative Humano-Habitability Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere(RISH)Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan

We compared resistance to decay, mold fungi, termites and insect larvae of particleboards incorporated with the raw boron minerals ulexite and colemanite to that of particleboards impregnated with the commercial boron preservative zinc borate, or boric acid plus a borax mixture. We also quantified water absorption, thickness swell and boron release of particleboards. Ulexite had the best decay resistance, and colemanite had the best termite resistance. However, ulexite and colemanite were not as effective as zinc borate or the boric acid/borax mixture in preventing mold growth. In general, the boric acid/borax mixture combination was more effective against Anobium larvae than the other treatments. Less boron was released by specimens containing zinc borate and colemanite than by those containing ulexite or the boric acid/borax mixture. In general, water absorption and thickness swell were similar among the different treatments, but both were slightly higher in the ulexite-incorporated specimens. Further mechanical tests will be needed to evaluate the particle- board properties and thereby the compatibility of these boron minerals with various manufacturing processes.

关键词： Biological resistance Borax Boric acid Colemanite Particleboard Ulexite

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Influence of Water and Humidity on Wood Modification with Lactic Acid

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第3期6卷 259-269页

作者： Charlotte Grosse Marion Noel Marie-France Thevenon Lauri Rautkari philippe gerardin Department of Architecture Wood and Civil EngineeringBern University of Applied SciencesSolothurnstrasse 102Postfach 6096CH-2500BielSwitzerland LERMaB EA 4370University of LorraineFaculty of Science and TechnologyBP 70239F-54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-NancyFrance CIRAD UR BIOWooEBTA B 114/1673 rue Jean Francois Breton34398 Montpellier cedex 5France Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto UniversityVuorimiehentie 116300EspooFinland

Impregnation of dry wood with pure lactic acid oligomers(OLAs)followed by heat treatment confers promising properties to wood because of OLA’s good diffusion,in-situ polymerization and persistence in cell *** provides drastic reduction of the equilibrium moisture content,high dimensional stability and good *** presence of water during treatment has been *** of OLA impregnated dry wood in humid atmosphere leads to a strong and global degradation of the *** treatment of wet wood only impacts the water leaching rate *** of dry wood with OLA diluted in water additionally decreases the biological resistance and is not efficient for decreasing *** of dry wood with lactic acid solution leads to a lower polymerization level but confers good properties.

关键词： Wood modification lactic acid wood impregnation heat treatment

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