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“What are you interested in?”—A survey on 601 nursing homes residents activities interests

Advances in Aging Research 2012年第2期1卷 13-21页

作者： Elsa Leone Julie Piano Audrey Deudon Beyneix Alain Anne-Marie Wargnier philippe Balard Denis Soriano Patrick Malléa philippe robert Arnaud Dechamps Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche CHU de Nice Nice France EA CoBTek Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis Nice France Nursing Home CCAS Ancien Combattant Nice France Nursing Home le Clos de Cimiez Nice France Nursing Home Résidence Corniche Fleurie Nice France Nursing Home Villa Helios Nice France

Lack of engagement in activities is a common feature of nursing homes residents. As apathy is the most frequent behavioural disturbance, understanding residents’ interests is a milestone for tailored challenging interventions targeting engagement enhancement. Objective: To depict the activities interests of nursing homes residents. Method: An electronic version of the Test of Interest “TILT” which regroups 40 images of activities has been developed and adapted for the Ipad. Residents were asked to answer by yes or no to the question “are you interested by this activity”, for each activity found interesting, the patient had then to categorize it in either Work/ occupation-Personal-Leisure-Family. Population: A total of 601 residents from 19 nursing homes have completed the survey from March to May 2011. The surveyed nursing homes from the South East of France were comparable of nursing homes figures in France. Results: We interviewed 601 individuals (female, n = 484) aged 85.9 years, out of those, 56% had stayed more than one year in an institution. Nearly half of the population (45.3%) was from 80 - 89 year of age, followed by 36.1% from 90 - 99. The educational background was principally from primary school (36%) and high school (30.8%). Most of the residents were classified has having dementia (35.3%). From the 40 activities presented to each participant, “enjoying a good meal” has been found to be the most interesting activity by 83% of the population followed by “dressing up”, 75.9% and “watching TV”, 75.5%. Female participants reported more interest in place of worship, family pictures and being with grand children then males (p < 0.01). We found that the presence of “dementia” diagnosis” triggered the lack of interest compared to none demented or none cognitively impaired residents (p < 0.01). It was found that participants aged 55 - 69 were more the most interested to do video games (p < 0.05), though this may be interpreted as a positive step toward function

关键词： Dementia Interests Choice Institution Engagement Survey Lack of Interest Introduction

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欧洲之星高速动车组的技术情况

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大功率变流技术 1997年第1期 15-22页

作者： philippe robert 劲光

欧洲之星动车组的基本机械性能与TGV的一样。自从1981年东南TGV在巴黎—里昂线路上开始正式运营以来,TGV的性能就已得到验证。但是由BR/EPS(英国铁路)、SNCB(比利时国营铁路)和SNCF(法国国营铁路)开发的欧洲之星动车组,在设计、制造、... 详细信息

欧洲之星动车组的基本机械性能与TGV的一样。自从1981年东南TGV在巴黎—里昂线路上开始正式运营以来,TGV的性能就已得到验证。但是由BR/EPS(英国铁路)、SNCB(比利时国营铁路)和SNCF(法国国营铁路)开发的欧洲之星动车组,在设计、制造、试验及后续的维护上远远优于第三代TGV。事实上,正是综合那些不同的制约条件、技术水平和铁路背景,加上真正意义上的技术合作和机构协调,才使得欧洲之星真正成为欧洲第一高速列车。为适应三国铁路和一条欧洲隧道这样4种不同形式的铁路基础设施,动车组大部分技术参数必须经受严格考验。这就说明了为什么从最初的设计(当时称为穿越拉芒什海峡超级列车,简写为TMST)到欧洲之星的诞生要历时6年时间。

关键词：高速动车组设计制造试验特点组织机构

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Current surgical treatments for Parkinson's disease and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1342-1345页

作者： Darrin J.Lee robert F.Dallapiazza philippe De Vloo Andres M.Lozano Division of Neurosurgery Toronto Western Hospital Department of Surgery University of Toronto

Currently, the most common surgical treatment for Parkinson＇s disease is deep brain stimulation（DBS）. This treatment strategy is typically reserved for bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor in patients who no longer respond to medication in a predictable manner or who suffer medication-induced dyskinesias. In addition to DBS, ablative procedures like radiofrequency, radiosurgery and focused ultrasound are also utilized for select tremor symptoms. In this review, we discuss evolving surgical techniques, targets, and emerging technology. In addition, we evaluate potential paradigm shifts in treatment, including gene therapy, immunotherapy and cell transplantation. While these new techniques and treatment options are still in their infancy, advances in Parkinson＇s disease treatment are rapidly expanding.

关键词： Parkinson's disease deep brain stimulation pallidotomy thalamotomy focused ultrasound gene therapy immunotherapy cell transplantation

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3D numerical simulation of seagrass movement under waves and currents with GPUSPH

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 711-722页

作者： Anne-Eléonore Paquier Thibault Oudart Caroline Le Bouteiller Samuel Meulé philippe Larroudé robert A.Dalrymple BRGM Immeuble Agostini Aix-Marseille University CNRS IRD INRA Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering) Univerity Grenoble Alpes University Grenoble Alpes Department of Civil Engineering Johns Hopkins University

The current study tries a new approach to simulating interactions between waves and seagrass through Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH). In this model, the plants are defined as a solid that respects Hooke’s law, and are assumed to have direct interaction with the fluid. Given the characteristics of the SPH method, especially in terms of computational time, the dimensions of the simulations were *** first goal of the current study was to optimize the approach to avoid reaching certain limits such as the rupture of the simulated plant. Plant movements under waves and/or currents have been studied by several authors in various in-situ, physical, and numerical experiments concerning various vegetation species, thus proving that plant movements can be successfully reproduced by SPH 2D/3D. Manning’s roughness coefficient, n, was calculated to confirm that the results were in accordance with what had been measured in flume studies. Even though there is still room for improvement, it is shown that this method can be used to estimate Manning’s coefficient for coastal vegetation(seagrass and saltmarsh vegetation) and to greatly improve the modeling and forecasting of coastal erosion and storm surge risks by including the effects of vegetation in integrated models.

关键词： Numerical seagrass movement GPUSPH Fluid structure interaction Waves Current

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Multiparametric characterization of red blood cell physiology after hypotonic dialysis based drug encapsulation process

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第4期12卷 2089-2102页

作者： Mélanie robert Bastien Laperrousaz Diana Piedrahita Emilie-Fleur Gautier Travis Nemkov Florian Dupuy Elie Nader Virginie Salnot Patrick Mayeux Angelo D’Alessandro Catherine Lavazec philippe Joly Alexander Scheer philippe Connes Agnès Cibiel Erytech Pharma Lyon 69008France Laboratoire interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité(LIBM)EA7424 Team«Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell»Universite´Claude Bernard Lyon 1Universite´de LyonLyon 69008France Labex GR-Ex Paris 75015France 3P5 proteom’IC facility Universitéde ParisInstitut CochinINSERMCNRSParis 75014France University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Omix Technologies Inc.AuroraCO 80045USA Inserm U1016 CNRS 8104Universitéde ParisInstitut CochinParis 75014France Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire UF de biochimie des pathologies e´rythrocytairesCentre de Biologie et de Pathologie EstHospices Civils de LyonBron 69500France

Red blood cells(RBCs)can act as carriers for therapeutic agents and can substantially improve the safety,pharmacokinetics,and pharmacodynamics of many *** RBCs integrity and lifespan is important for the efficacy of RBCs as drug *** investigated the impact of drug encapsulation by hypotonic dialysis on RBCs physiology and *** parameters were compared between processed RBCs loaded with l-asparaginase(“eryaspase”),processed RBCs without drug and non-processed *** RBCs were less hydrated and displayed a reduction of intracellular *** observed a change in the metabolomic but not in the proteomic profile of processed *** process caused moderate morphological changes and was accompanied by an increase of RBCs-derived Extracellular Vesicles *** a decrease in deformability,processed RBCs were not mechanically retained in a spleen-mimicking device and had increased surface-to-volume ratio and osmotic *** RBCs half-life was not significantly affected in a mouse model and our previous phase 1 clinical study showed that encapsulation of asparaginase in RBCs prolonged its in vivo half-life compared to free *** study demonstrated that encapsulation by hypotonic dialysis may affect certain characteristics of RBCs but does not significantly affect the in vivo longevity of RBCs or their drug carrier function.

关键词： Red blood cells Drug carrier Hypotonic dialysis L-Asparaginase Omics Rheology Morphology Senescence markers

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The Relative Importance of Nitrogen vs. Moisture Stress May Drive Intraspecific Variations in the SLA-RGR Relationship: The Case of <i>Picea mariana</i>Seedlings

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 1278-1284页

作者： philippe LeBel robert L. Bradley Nelson Thiffault Centre d’étude de la forêt Département de biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada Centre d’étude de la forêt Département de biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada

Plants acclimate to nitrogen (N) or moisture stress by respectively increasing photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE) or water use efficiency (WUE), in order to maximize their relative growth rate (RGR). These two phenotypic adaptations have opposite effects on specific leaf area (SLA). Thus, intraspecific variations in the SLA-RGR relationship should reflect the relative importance of N vs. moisture stress in plants. In this study, we measured needle gas exchanges and N concentrations in order to derive PNUE and WUE, as well as SLA and RGR of black spruce (Picea mariana) seedlings growing on a rapidly drained site in the presence or absence of Kalmia angustifolia. The eradication of Kalmia had resulted in a ~140% increase in seedling growth over a 6 year period. We found a negative SLA-RGR relationship where Kalmia had been eradicated, and a positive one where Kalmia had been maintained. Kalmia eradication resulted in higher WUE when measurements were made directly on the seedlings, and in lower PNUE when twigs were rehydrated prior to gas exchange measurements. Our data suggest that the bigger seedlings on Kalmia-eradicated plots increase RGR by decreasing SLA, as a means of coping with moisture stress. By contrast, increasing SLA on noneradicated plots may be a means of coping with nutrient stress exerted by Kalmia. The SLA-RGR relationship could potentially be used to identify the limiting resource for black spruce seedlings in different environments.

关键词： Black Spruce (Picea mariana) Kalmia angustif`olia Moisture and Nitrogen Stress PNUE and WUE SLA-RGR Relationship

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Data-driven estimates of global nitrous oxide emissions from croplands

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 441-452页

作者： Qihui Wang Feng Zhou Ziyin Shang philippe Ciais Wilfried Winiwarter robert B.Jackson Francesco N.Tubiello Greet Janssens-Maenhout Hanqin Tian Xiaoqing Cui Josep G.Canadell Shilong Piao Shu Tao Sino-France Institute of Earth Systems Science Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University European Commission Joint Research Centre International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) The Institute of Environmental Engineering University of Zielona Góra Global Carbon Project CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Statistics Division Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Via Terme di Caracalla International Center for Climate and Global Change Research School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ

Croplands are the single largest anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide(NO) globally, yet their estimates remain difficult to verify when using Tier 1 and 3 methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). Here, we re-evaluate global cropland-NO emissions in 1961–2014, using N-rate-dependent emission factors(EFs) upscaled from 1206 field observations in 180 global distributed sites and high-resolution N inputs disaggregated from sub-national surveys covering 15593 administrative units. Our results confirm IPCC Tier 1 default EFs for upland crops in 1990–2014, but give a ～15% lower EF in 1961–1989 and a ～67% larger EF for paddy rice over the full period. Associated emissions(0.82 ±0.34 Tg N yr) are probably one-quarter lower than IPCC Tier 1 global inventories but close to Tier 3 estimates. The use of survey-based gridded N-input data contributes 58% of this emission reduction, the rest being explained by the use of observation-based non-linear EFs. We conclude that upscaling NO emissions from site-level observations to global croplands provides a new benchmark for constraining IPCC Tier 1 and 3 methods. The detailed spatial distribution of emission data is expected to inform advancement towards more realistic and effective mitigation pathways.

关键词： nitrous oxide agricultural soils flux upscaling emission factor emission inventories temporal trend

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Genome mapping of postzygotic hybrid necrosis in an interspecific pear population

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 326-337页

作者： Sara Montanari Lester Brewer robert Lamberts Riccardo Velasco Mickael Malnoy Laure Perchepied philippe Guérif Charles-Eric Durel Vincent G M Bus Susan E Gardiner David Chagné Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund MachVia Mach 1San Michele all’Adige38010TNItaly The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Palmerston North Research CentrePalmerston NorthNew Zealand Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR1345 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA)SFR 4207 Quasav42 rue Georges MorelBeaucouzéF-49071France The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Motueka Research CentreMotuekaNew Zealand Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR1345 Universitéd’AngersAngersF-49045France The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Hawke’s Bay Research CentreHavelock NorthNew Zealand

Deleterious epistatic interactions in plant inter-and intraspecific hybrids can cause a phenomenon known as hybrid necrosis,characterized by a typical seedling phenotype whose main distinguishing features are dwarfism,tissue necrosis and in some cases *** of the chromosome regions associated with this type of incompatibility is important not only to increase our understanding of the evolutionary diversification that led to speciation but also for breeding *** of molecular markers linked to the lethal genes will allow breeders to avoid incompatible inbred combinations that could affect the expression of important agronomic tratis co-segregating with these *** hybrid necrosis has been reported in several plant taxa,including Rosaceae species,this phenomenon has not been described previously in *** the interspecific pear population resulting from a cross between PEAR3(Pyrus bretschneideri×Pyrus communis)and‘Moonglow’(***),we observed two types of hybrid necrosis,expressed at different stages of plant *** a combination of previously mapped and newly developed genetic markers,we identified three chromosome regions associated with these two types of lethality,which were genetically *** type resulted from a negative epistatic interaction between a locus on linkage group 5(LG5)of PEAR3 and a locus on LG1 of‘Moonglow’,while the second type was due to a gene that maps to LG2 of PEAR3 and which either acts alone or more probably interacts with another gene of unknown location inherited from‘Moonglow’.

关键词： breeding seedling dwarf

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Helping the Consumers and Producers of Standards,Repositories and Policies to Enable FAIR Data

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 151-157,312页

作者： Peter McQuilton Dominique Batista Oya Beyan Ramon Granell Simon Coles Massimiliano Izzo Allyson L.Lister robert Pergl philippe Rocca-Serra Ben Schaap Hugh Shanahan Milo Thurston Susanna-Assunta Sansone Oxford e-Research Centre Department of Engineering SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology(FIT) 53754 Sankt AugustinGermany School of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSO171BJUK Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology(FIT CTU)16000 Prague 6Czech Republic Wageningen University Wagengen 6700 HBThe Netherlands Royal Holloway University of LondonLondon Surrey TW200EXUK

Thousands of community-developed(meta)data guidelines,models,ontologies,schemas and formats have been created and implemented by several thousand data repositories and knowledge-bases,across all *** resources are necessary to meet government,funder and publisher expectations of greater transparency and access to and preservation of data related to research *** obligates researchers to ensure their data is FAIR,share their data using the appropriate standards,store their data in sustainable and community-adopted repositories,and to conform to funder and publisher data *** data sharing also plays a key role in enabling researchers to evaluate,re-analyse and reproduce each other’s *** can map the landscape of relationships between community-adopted standards and repositories,and the journal publisher and funder data policies that recommend their *** this paper,we show how the work of the GO-FAIR FAIR Standards,Repositories and Policies(StRePo)Implementation Network serves as a central integration and cross-fertilisation point for the reuse of FAIR standards,repositories and data policies in *** to this effort,the FAIRsharing,an endorsed flagship resource of the Research Data Alliance that maps the landscape of relationships between community-adopted standards and repositories,and the journal publisher and funder data policies that recommend their ***,we highlight a number of activities around FAIR tools,services and educational efforts to raise awareness and encourage participation.

关键词： Convergence Data repositories Data policies Data standards FAIR data FAIR enabling community standards

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Harvest of Short-Rotation Woody Crops in Plantations with a Biobaler

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第2期5卷 39-47页

作者： philippe Savoie Pierre-Luc Hébert Francois-Simon robert Derek Sidders Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Soils and Crops Research and Development CentreQuébecCanada Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire Universite LavalQuébecCanada Canadian Forest Services Canadian Wood Fibre CentreNatural Resources CanadaEdmontonCanada

The biobaler is an alternative to the modified self-propelled forage harvester to cut and collect short rotation woody crops (SRWC). It is less capital intensive and more versatile, being able to harvest woody crops on plantations, on abandoned farmland, on brush land or within forest understory. The biobaler was evaluated specifically on five different plantations over 19 experimental units (546 bales harvested with an average mass of 427 kg and 49% moisture content). Average bale density was 266 kg wet mass (WM)/m3 or 139 kg dry mass (DM)/m3. Average harvest capacity was 35 bales/h (7.7 t dry matter/h), and ranged from 23 to 48 bales/h. Harvest in plantations with a 149 kW tractor cost on average CAN $175/h, $5/bale and $22.84/t DM. Non recovered biomass (field loss) averaged 11% at random locations in the field and 8% at the point of bale ejection as a result of chip abrasion. While the biobaler remains a versatile harvester for SRWC, its preferred utilization will be in environments of diverse woody crops with final application as a rough mulch or for combustion in furnaces requiring minimal processing or size reduction.

关键词： Biomass Harvesting Willow Woody Crop Feedstock

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