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Impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana

Regional Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 139-149页

作者： Enoch YELELIERE philip ANtWI-AGYEI Frank BAFFOUR-AtA Department of Environmental Science College of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana

the impacts of climate change on crop yields are receiving renewed interest,with focus on cereals and staple crops at the regional and national ***,the impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the local context has not been ***,an in-depth understanding of climate change in the local context may support the design of locally relevant adaptation responses to current and future climate *** study examined the impacts of climate variables(annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall indices(rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days),and the number of dry days)on the yields of leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans)in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana during the period of *** data were analysed using Mann-Kendall’s trend,Sen’s slope test,correlation analysis,and Multiple Regression Analysis(MRA).the findings revealed that annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days,and the number of dry days all showed varied impacts on the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and *** trend analysis detected a marginal decrease in the amount of rainfall,rainfall onset,and the number of dry days from 1989 to 2020(P>0.050).Annual average temperature and the length of rainy days substantially varied(Pto 2020,showing an increasing *** findings also showed a marked upward trend for the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans during *** climate variables analysed above increased the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans by 49.0%,55.0%,and 69.0%,*** yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans fluctuated with the variability of 30.0%,28.0%,and 27.0%from 2005 to 2020,*** three leguminous crops under study demonstrated unpredictable yields due to the variations of annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,the length of rainy days,and

关键词： Climate change Leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans) Guinea Savanna Annual average temperature Rainfall indices Number of dry days

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(Re)assessing Climate-Smart Agriculture practices for sustainable food systems outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa:the case of Bono East Region,Ghana

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 112-126页

作者： philip tetteh Quarshie Seidu Abdulai Evan D.G.Fraser Deparment of Geography Environment and Geomatics&Guelph Institute of Development StudiesCollege of Social and Applied Human ScienceUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1H 2W1 Canada Global Agri-Business Solutions INC.54-480 Grey Street BrantfordON N3S 7S5 Canada Deparment of Food Agricultural and Resource Economics Ontario Agriculture CollegeUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1G 2W1 Canada Department of Geography Environment and Geomatics&Arrell Food InstituteUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1H 2W1 Canada

this research paper assesses the reality of Climate-Smart Agriculture(CSA)practices’potential to promote the outcomes of sustainable food systems(SFS)within Ghana’s smallholding agriculture *** study demon-strates that rural farmers generally perceive CSA’s contribution to‘food and nutrition security’and‘economic performance’as more important than CSA’s contribution to‘social equity’and‘environmental stewardship’.From a narrow perspective,the study demonstrates that farmers perceive CSA’s potential to‘prevent pest and disease outbreaks’and‘increase human capital information’as the most important contribution of CSA to SFS *** contrast,CSA’s potential to promote environmental stewardship is perceived as the least important among Ghana’s rural *** enormity of displacement of smallholders’perceptions at large is motivated by de-mographic,socioeconomic and ecological ***,the CSA for SFS outcomes narratives is driven by farmers’self-apprise,social networks and other local information dissemination ***,research findings suggest farmers’awareness of CSA practices and interventions is deficient owing to unmet training and information needs for approximately 82%of the CSA practices and *** situation elucidates the dichotomy of CSA practices’narratives as tools for attaining food,nutrition security and economic performance to the detriment of critical issues such as increasing awareness and building farmers’capacity to engage with CSA practices while also managing socio-ecological trade-offs that emerge over time due to engagement with ***(re)orientation is needed across the scale to drive CSA practices and interventions that confine cli-mate adaptation and food production practices within safe planetary boundaries without undermining social,economic,food and nutrition security needs.

关键词： Climate adaptation Climate-Smart Agriculture Ghana Smallholder farmers Sustainable food systems Sub-Saharan Africa

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A NEW MEtHOD FOR tHE PREPARAtION OF PHENOLS AND ItS DERIVAtIVES

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1991年第5期2卷 353-356页

作者： Qun liu Kocienski philip Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun130024. Department of Chemistry The University of SouthamptonSouthampton.S095.NHU.K

a-Oxo ketene dithioacetals 2 via 1,2-nucleophilie addition by methallyl magnesius chloride afforded corresponding alcohols (3). treated with water or methanol and catalyzed by Lewis acid, the alcohols 3 were converted regiospecifical ly to substituted phenols 5' or related phenol methyl ethers 5 respectively. this reaction is a novel approach to the synthesis of phenols and their derivatives starting from non-aromatic precursors.

关键词： A NEW MEtHOD FOR tHE PREPARAtION OF PHENOLS AND ItS DERIVAtIVES ItS

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Self-Blowing Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Foams Based on Hydrolysable tannins

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第12期10卷 3217-3227页

作者： Elham Azadeh Xinyi Chen Antonio Pizzi Christine Gérardin philip Gérardin Hisham Essawy Facultédes Sciences et technologies LERMABEA 4370-USC INRAEUniversity of LorraineBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54506France LERMAB EA 4370-USC INRAEUniversity of Lorraine27 rue Philippe SeguinEpinal88000France Department of Polymers and Pigments National Research CenterCairo12622Egypt

ABStRACt Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams using a hydrolysable tannin,also vulgarly called tannic acid,namely here commercial chestnut wood tannin extract was *** strength did not appear to depend on the foam apparent density while the formulation composition of the NIPU foams has been shown to be more *** NIPU foams appeared to be self-extinguishing once the high temperature flame is *** ignition time gave encouraging results but for improved fire resistance the foams may need some fire-retardant *** spectrometry showed the formation of non-isocyanate urethane *** analysis indicated a good thermal resistance of these foams,with thermal degradation following four *** in the interval 25℃–120℃ range,mainly evaporation of water occurs with a maximal loss of 10%*** the 150℃–450℃ temperature range foams mass loss is of almost 70%.In particular in the 125℃–275℃ range occurs the degradation of some small molecular weight *** the 500℃–790℃ temperature range the foams do not present any further large degradation.

关键词： Non-isocyanate biopolyurethanes(NIPU) biofoams chestnut tannin hydrolysable tannins self-extinguishing

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Changes in lake area and water level in response to hydroclimate variations in the source area of the Yellow River:a case study from Lake Ngoring

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第4期17卷 920-932页

作者： Yang PU Min ZHAN Xiaohua SHAO Josef PWERNE philip AMEYERS Jiaojiao YAO Da ZHI School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geology and Environmental Science University of PittsburghPittsburgh PA 15260USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109USA

In the north-eastern Qinghai-tibet Plateau(QtP),the source area of the Yellow River(SAYR)has been experiencing significant changes in climatic and environmental conditions in recent *** date,few studies have combined modern hydrological conditions with paleoclimate records to explore the mechanism(s)of these *** study seeks to improve understanding of hydrological variability on decadal and centennial timescales in the SAYR and to identify its general *** first determined annual fluctuations in the surface area of Lake Ngoring from 1985 to 2020 using multi-temporal Landsat *** results show that lake surface area changes were generally consistent with variations in precipitation,streamflow and the regional dry-wet index in the SAYR,suggesting that the water balance of the Lake Ngoring area is closely associated with regional hydroclimate *** records are also comparable to the stalagmite δ^(18)O monsoon record,as well fluctuations in the Southern Oscillation Index(SOI).Moreover,an association of high tSI(total solar insolation)anomalies and sunspot numbers with the expansion of Lake Ngoring surface area is observed,implying that solar activity is the key driving factor for hydrologic variability in the SAYR on a decadal *** this line of reasoning,we compared the δ^(13)C org-based lake level fluctuations of Lake Ngoring for the last millennium,as previously reported,with the hydroclimatic history and the reconstructed tSI *** conclude that the hydrological regime of Lake Ngoring has been mainly controlled by centennial fluctuations in precipitation for the last millennium,which is also dominated by solar *** general,it appears that solar activity has exerted a dominant influence on the hydrological regime of the SAYR on both decadal and centennial timescales,which is clearly manifested in the variations of lake area and water level of Lake Ngoring.

关键词： Qinghai-tibet Plateau(QtP) source area of the Yellow River(SAYR) lake area/level Asian summer monsoon(ASM) El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) total solar insolation(tSI)

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target tracking method of Siamese networks based on the broad learning system

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CAAI transactions on Intelligence technology 2023年第3期8卷 1043-1057页

作者： Dan Zhang C.L.philip Chen tieshan Li Yi Zuo Nguyen Quang Duy Navigation College Dalian Maritime UniversityDalianChina Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education College Dalian Minzu UniversityDalianChina Computer Science and Engineering College South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Computer and Information Science Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina Faculty of Navigation Vietnam Maritime UniversityHaiphongVietnam

target tracking has a wide range of applications in intelligent transportation,real‐time monitoring,human‐computer interaction and other ***,in the tracking process,the target is prone to deformation,occlusion,loss,scale variation,background clutter,illumination variation,etc.,which bring great challenges to realize accurate and real‐time *** based on Siamese networks promotes the application of deep learning in the field of target tracking,ensuring both accuracy and real‐time ***,due to its offline training,it is difficult to deal with the fast motion,serious occlusion,loss and deformation of the target during ***,it is very helpful to improve the performance of the Siamese networks by learning new features of the target quickly and updating the target position in time *** broad learning system(BLS)has a simple network structure,high learning efficiency,and strong feature learning *** at the problems of Siamese networks and the characteristics of BLS,a target tracking method based on BLS is *** method combines offline training with fast online learning of new features,which not only adopts the powerful feature representation ability of deep learning,but also skillfully uses the BLS for re‐learning and re‐*** broad re‐learning information is used for re‐detection when the target tracking appears serious occlusion and so on,so as to change the selection of the Siamese networks search area,solve the problem that the search range cannot meet the fast motion of the target,and improve the *** results show that the proposed method achieves good results on three challenging datasets and improves the performance of the basic algorithm in difficult scenarios.

关键词： broad learning system siamese network target tracking

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trends in gastrointestinal disease hospitalizations and outcomes during the first year of the coronavirus pandemic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第4期29卷 744-757页

作者： Ayooluwatomiwa Deborah Adekunle Muni Rubens Mary Sedarous tahniyat tariq philip N Okafor Division of Internal Medicine St.Luke's HospitalChesterfieldMI 63017United States Office of Clinical Research Miami Cancer InstituteMiamiFL 33176United States Division of Internal Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton ON L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Division of Gastroenterology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States Division of Gastroenterology Stanford University College of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States

BACKGROUND the impact of the coronavirus on hospitalizations for gastrointestinal(GI)disease,particularly at a population level is *** to investigate trends in hospitalizations,inpatient endoscopy resource utilization,and outcomes during the first year of the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent *** Using the California State Inpatient Database for 2018-2020,we explored year-toyear and 2020 month-to-month trends in hospitalizations,length of stay,and inpatient mortality(all-cause&viral pneumonia-specific)for common inpatient GI diagnoses including acute pancreatitis,diverticulitis,cholelithiasis,noninfectious gastroenteritis,upper and lower GI bleeding(LGIB),Clostridium difficile,viral gastroenteritis,inflammatory bowel disease,and acute *** Disease-specific hospitalizations decreased for all included conditions except nonvariceal upper GI bleeding(NVUGIB),LGIB,and ulcerative colitis(UC)(ptrendtient mortality was higher in 2020 vs 2019,for acute pancreatitis(P=0.029),diverticulitis(P=0.04),NVUGIB(P=0.003),and Crohn’s disease(P=0.004).In 2020,hospitalization rates were lowest in April,November,and *** was no significant corresponding increase in inpatient mortality except in UC(ptrend=0.048).Viral pneumonia and viral pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure increased(Ptilization within 24 h of admission was unchanged for GI emergencies except NVUGIB(Pt that hospitalization rates for common GI conditions significantly declined in California during the COVID pandemic,particularly in April,November and December *** mortality was significantly higher among acute pancreatitis,diverticulitis,NVUGIB,and Crohn’s disease *** endoscopy rates were mostly comparable between 2020 and 2019.

关键词： COVID-19 Shelter-in-place Procedure utilization Outcomes Hospitalizations Gastrointestinal diseases

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Analysis of Pioneering Computable Biomedical Knowledge Repositories and their Emerging Governance Structures

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Data Intelligence 2022年第3期4卷 653-669页

作者： philip Sahr Amara Marisa Conte Allen Flynn Jodyn Platt Marie Grace trinidad Department of Learning Health Sciences University of Michigan Medical SchoolMichigan 48109-0624USA taubman Health Sciences Library University of Michigan Michigan 48109-1382USA School of Public Health University of MichiganMichigan 48109-2029USA

A growing interest in producing and sharing computable biomedical knowledge artifacts(CBKs) is increasing the demand for repositories that validate, catalog, and provide shared access to CBKs. However, there is a lack of evidence on how best to manage and sustain CBK repositories. In this paper, we present the results of interviews with several pioneering CBK repository owners. these interviews were informed by the trusted Repositories Audit and Certification(tRAC) framework. Insights gained from these interviews suggest that the organizations operating CBK repositories are somewhat new, that their initial approaches to repository governance are informal, and that achieving economic sustainability for their CBK repositories is a major challenge. to enable a learning health system to make better use of its data intelligence, future approaches to CBK repository management will require enhanced governance and closer adherence to best practice frameworks to meet the needs of myriad biomedical science and health communities. More effort is needed to find sustainable funding models for accessible CBK artifact collections.

关键词： Computable Biomedical Knowledge Governance Repository trust Sustainability

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“One-day,one-stay,and one-step”lessons from the Danish guidelines for the treatment of gallstone disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 607-610页

作者： Robert C.Verdonk philip R.de Reuver Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology St.Antonius HospitalNieuwegeinThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands

*** disease is prevalent worldwide,and the incidence in Europe increased over the last *** median prevalence ranges from 5.9%to 21.9%,with the highest rates seen in Norway(21.9%)and the eastern part of Germany(19.7%)and the lowest rates in Italy(the Netherlands,over 100,000 patients are diagnosed with symptomatic gallstones annually,costing around 250 million euros,ranking gallstones disease in the top 10 of the most prevalent and costly gastrointestinal disorders(2).

关键词： Uncomplicated gallstone disease cholecystitis common bile duct stones

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Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins:responses and detection

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1029-1031页

作者：李仁辉宋立荣 philip t.ORR Key Laboratory of Algal Biology State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University

the 10^(th) International Conference on toxic cyanobacteria(ICtC-10)was successfully held during 23–28 *** were so glad to see much progress made on toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins during past years,and the ICtC does provide a global forum for a wide-ranging communication and discussion of key issues related to cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins.

关键词：蓝毒素细菌海洋生物化学分析

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