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Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to C_(2)H_(4): From lab to fab

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 540-564,I0012页

作者： Zeyu Guo Fabao Yang Xiaotong li Huiwen Zhu Hainam Do kam Loon Fow Jonathan D.Hirst tao Wu Qiulin Ye Yaqi Peng Hao Bin Wu Angjian Wu Mengxia Xu Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and New Materials InstituteUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Waste Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Department of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina Institute for Composites Science Innovation(InCSI)and State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina School of Chemistry University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Baima Lake Laboratory Hangzhou 310053ZhejiangChina

The global concerns of energy crisis and climate change,primarily caused by carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),are of utmost ***,the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to high value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+)) products driven by renewable electricity has emerged as a highly promising solution to alleviate energy shortages and achieve carbon *** these C_(2+) products,ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))holds particular importance in the petrochemical ***,this review aims to establish a connection between the fundamentals of electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction to ethylene(CO_(2)RRto-C_(2)H_(4)) in laboratory-scale research(lab) and its potential applications in industrial-level fabrication(fab).The review begins by summarizing the fundamental aspects,including the design strategies of high-performance Cu-based electrocatalysts and advanced electrolyzer ***,innovative and value-added techniques are presented to address the inherent challenges encountered during the implementations of CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) in industrial ***,case studies of the technoeconomic analysis of the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process are discussed,taking into factors such as costeffectiveness,scalability,and market *** review concludes by outlining the perspectives and challenges associated with scaling up the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) *** insights presented in this review are expected to make a valuable contribution in advancing the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process from lab to fab.

关键词： CO_(2) electroreduction reaction Ethylene Gas diffusion electrode Machine learning Density functional theory Techno-economic analysis

Screening for CKD in the Adult Population: Is there a Boundary

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Screening for CKD in the Adult Population: Is there a Bounda...

中华医学会肾脏病学分会2006年学术年会

作者： philip kam-tao li Department of Medicine & Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong

End stage renal disease (ESRD) is epidemic worldwide and it imposes substantial patient morbidity and mortality and consumes a large portion of the healthcare expenditure of a society. An effective screening program makes use of acceptable tests that can accurately and reliably detect relatively asymptomatic disease at an early stage. Ideally this will allow an effective treatment, resulting in improved outcomes when compared with an unscreened population. Its value increases if there is a significant prevalence of the disease in the population, and a considerable proportion of the target population has preclinical or asymptomatic disease.

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急性肾损伤：全球健康警钟

中华肾脏病杂志 2013年第2期29卷 83-87页

作者： philip kam tao li Emmanuel A Burdmann Ravindra L Mehta 艾珍(翻译) 张望(翻译) 毛海萍(审校) 刘志红(审校) 中国香港中文大学威尔士亲王医院内科及药物治疗科学系巴西圣保罗医科大学内科学系美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校内科学系

2013年世界肾脏日指导委员会急性肾损伤（AKI）在发展中国家和发达国家越来越常见，与高发病率及病死率相关。大多数AKI的致病因素可通过个人、社区、地区及医院内多层次来干预。有效预防AKI的措施需要全社会的共同努力，从而增强对AKI... 详细信息

2013年世界肾脏日指导委员会急性肾损伤（AKI）在发展中国家和发达国家越来越常见，与高发病率及病死率相关。大多数AKI的致病因素可通过个人、社区、地区及医院内多层次来干预。有效预防AKI的措施需要全社会的共同努力，从而增强对AKI巨大危害性的认识，并提供AKI预防策略以及早期识别和管理方面的指导。预防的重点在于尽量减少AKI的发生，加强对高危患者血肌酐水平连续测量重要性的认识，详细记录急性起病患者的尿量进而达到早期诊断的目的。然而目前尚缺乏其他明确的能诊断AKI的生物标志物。AKI的防治需要系统地管理肾前状态以及特定感染。

关键词：急性肾损伤健康预防策略高危患者早期诊断世界肾脏日发展中国家生物标志物

Non-vesicle-bound free microRNAs could enter cells and affect gene expression

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第3期3卷 181-185页

作者： Gang Wang Ka-Bik Lai Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwa Kai-Ming Chow philip kam-tao li Cheuk-Chun Szeto Department of Medicine & Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Background: Cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) exist in body fluid. Previous studies showed that cell-free mi-RNAs are partly bound in microvesicles, and could transfer between cells via fusion with cell membrane. Methods: We quantified the amount of a panel of mi-RNA targets in and outside microvesicles in human proximal tubular epithelial cell (HK2) medium by microarray and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR). Intercellular miRNA transfer was explored by medium transfer experiments. Results: We identified a portion of cell-free miRNAs that exists as non-vesicle bound, truly naked form. More importantly, these non-vesicle bound free miRNA could transfer between cells and exert biological effects. By miRNA microarray, we showed that the expression of many miRNA targets in HK-2 cells were altered, either up- or down-regulated, after exposure to extrinsic free miRNAs. The miRNA-200 family was the most affected in our model, with a corresponding alteration in the messenger RNA expression of down-stream targets including ZEB1 and vimentin. Conclusion: Our results suggest that free miRNA may serve as an intercellular messenger, a phenomenon that needs further exploration.

关键词： Cell Signaling Fibrosis Cytokine

Vesicle-bound and free microRNAs in spent cell culture medium and biological fluids

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第8期3卷 1091-1095页

作者： Gang Wang Ka-Bik Lai Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan Kai-Ming Chow philip kam-tao li Cheuk-Chun Szeto Department of Medicine & Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Background: In addition to the control of gene transla- tion intra-cellularly, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to exist extracellularly. However, extracellular miRNA identified in previous studies were largely confined to microvesicles. It remains uncertain whether free extracellular miRNA exists. Methods: We quantify a panel of miRNAs (miRNA 200 family, miR-205, and miR-192) in spent culture medium of renal tubular epithelial cells, as well as serum and urine from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy controls. Microvesicle bound and free miRNA were separated by ultracentrifugation. Results: In spent cell culture medium, we found substantial amount of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, miR-429, miR-205, and miR-192 in microvesicles, as well as the presence of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-429, miR-205 and miR-192, but not miR-200c or miR-141 as non-vesicle bound free form. In healthy individuals, we found substantial amount of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-192 in microvesicles from serum and urine, while only miR-141 exists as free form in both serum and urine. There was no significant difference in serum or urinary free miR-141 levels between SLE patients and healthy controls. In SLE patients, urinary free miR-141 level was signifiantly higher than serum. Neither serum nor urinary free miR-141 levels correlated with lupus disease activity. Conclusion: We found miRNA is present extracellularly, both within microvesicles and as free form, in spent cell culture medium, serum and urine. The biological role of extracellular miRNA requires further study.

关键词： Cell Signaling Fibrosis Cytokine

Intra-renal and urinary RNA expression of podcyte-associated molecules in patients with IgA nephropathy

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2010年第3期1卷 232-237页

作者： Gang Wang Bonnie Ching Kwan Fernand Mac-Moune Lai Paul Cheung-Lung Choi Kai-Ming Chow philip kam-tao li Cheuk-Chun Szeto 不详

Background Podocyte injury probably plays important roles in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). We studied intra-renal and urinary messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of podocyte-associated molecules in patients with IgAN. Methods We studied 43 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven IgAN. Intra-renal and urinary expression of mRNAs was determined and compared to that of 20 patients with nephrectomy for kidney cancer and 12 normal subjects. Results Intra-renal mRNA expression levels of nephrin, podocin and synaptopodin were significantly lower in patients with IgAN than that of controls. In contrast, their urinary mRNA expression levels were similar. Intra-renal gene expression of nephrin inversely correlated with proteinuria (r = –0.620, P line (r = 0.324, P = 0.041). Conclusions Intra-renal mRNA expression of podocyte associated molecules was down-regulated in patients with IgAN, and the degree of down- regulation of nephrin correlated with disease severity and the rate of progression. Our result supports the hypothesis that podocyte injury is an important component in the pathophysiology of IgAN.

关键词： Glomerulonephritis Proteinuria Chronic Kidney Diseases

The gene expression of NGAL and TLR9 in glomerulus and tubulo-interstitium of patients with lupus nephritis

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第1期2卷 33-39页

作者： Jianxin Lu Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan Fernand Mac-Moune Lai Paul Cheung-Lung Choi Lai-Shan Tam Edmund Kwok-Ming li Kai-Ming Chow Gang Wang philip kam-tao li Cheuk-Chun Szeto 不详

Background The role of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis remain elusive. Methods We quantified the glomerular and tubulointerstitial mRNA expression of NGAL and TLR9 in 42 patients with lupus nephritis (LN group) and 10 controls. Results As compared to controls, LN group had higher glomerular expression of TLR9, and higher tubulointerstitial expression of NGAL and TLR9. Tubulointerstitial NGAL expression significantly correlated with proteinuria (r = 0.492;p = 0.003), renal function (r = -0.386;p = 0.022) and histological chronicity index (r = 0.540;p = 0.004). Proteinuria had significant correlation with glomerular (r = 0.554;p = 0.001) and tubulointerstitial (r = 0.379;p = 0.043) TLR9 expression. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in tubulointerstitial expression of NGAL between treatment response groups. Conclusion There is an increase in intra-renal mRNA expression of NGAL and TLR9 in LN. Although tubulointerstitial expression of NGAL does not correlate with systemic disease activity, it correlates with proteinuria, renal function, and therapeutic response. The role of NGAL in the pathogensis in LN, as well as its application as biomarker for lupus nephritis, requires further study.

关键词： Lupus Nephritis Immunology Cytokine

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2018世界肾脏日：关注女性和肾脏疾病

肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 2018年第1期27卷 1-6页

作者： Giorgina B.Piccoli Mona Alrukhaimi Zhi-Hong liu Elena Zakharova Adeera Levin philip kam tao li Guillermo Garcia-Garcia Mohammed Benghanem-Gharbi kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh Charles Kernahan Latha Kumaraswami Giorgina Barbara Piccoli Gamal Saadi Louise Fox Sharon Andreoli 陈樱花 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Torino Nephrology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Department of Medicine Dubai Medical College National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases Jinling Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nephrology Moscow City Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin Nephrology Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry Nephrology Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education the World Kidney Day Steering Committee Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyUniversity of British Columbia 国家肾脏疾病临床医学研究中心南京总医院

女性是现代家庭和社会的重要贡献者。但目前在世界范围内,男性和女性在受教育程度、医疗保健等方面仍存在显著差异。2018年第13个世界肾脏日恰逢国际妇女节,其主题是"肾脏和女性健康",给我们提供了一个关注女性健康,尤其是女性肾脏健康... 详细信息

女性是现代家庭和社会的重要贡献者。但目前在世界范围内,男性和女性在受教育程度、医疗保健等方面仍存在显著差异。2018年第13个世界肾脏日恰逢国际妇女节,其主题是"肾脏和女性健康",给我们提供了一个关注女性健康,尤其是女性肾脏健康的重要契机。为此,世界肾脏日指导委员会(World Kidney Day Steering Committee)特别组织了全球具有代表性的5位女性肾脏病学家,撰写了述评文章,借机呼吁肾脏病学术领域和全社会更加重视女性健康,让更多女性从肾脏病学术研究中获益。关注女性肾脏健康,利在当代功在千秋!

关键词：女性健康肾脏疾病世界范围肾脏病学学术研究国际妇女节现代家庭医疗保健

High-member low-dimensional Sn-based perovskite solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第2期66卷 459-465页

作者： Hansheng li Zihao Zang Qi Wei Xianyuan Jiang Mingyu Ma Zengshan Xing Jingtian Wang Danni Yu Fei Wang Wenjia Zhou kam Sing Wong philip C.Y.Chow Yuanyuan Zhou Zhijun Ning School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China Department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China

Sn-based perovskites are promising thin-film photovoltaic materials for their ideal bandgap and the eco-friendliness of Sn,but the performance of Sn-based perovskite solar cells is hindered by the short carrier diffusion length and large defect density in nominally-synthesized Sn-based perovskite *** we demonstrate that a long carrier diffusion length is achievable in quasi-2D Sn-based perovskite films consisting of high-member low-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)phases with a preferred crystal orientation *** key to the film synthesis is the use of a molecular additive formed by phenylethylammonium cations and optimally mixed halide-pseudohalide anions,which favorably tailors the quasi-2D Sn-based perovskite crystallization *** high-member RP film structure effectively enhances device short-circuit current density,giving rise to an increased power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 14.6%.The resulting device demonstrates a near-unity shelf stability upon1,000 h in nitrogen.A high reproductivity is also achieved with a count of 50 devices showing PCEs within a narrow range from minimum 13.0%to maximum 14.6%.

关键词： Sn-based perovskite lead-free perovskite solar cells low-dimensional structure optoelectronics device