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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第16期58卷 1931-1935页

作者： XING LiDa BELL Phil R ROTHSCHILD Bruce M RAN Hao ZHANG jianPing DONG ZhiMing ZHANG Wei CURRIE philip j Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Pipestone Creek Dinosaur Initiative Division of Vertebrate Paleontology Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Institute University of Kansas Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of Education Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Chengdu Electromechanical College

Pathological or traumatic loss of teeth often results in the resorption and remodeling of the affected alveoli in mammals. However, instances of alveolar remodeling in reptiles are rare. A remodeled alveolus in the maxilla of the Chinese theropod Sinosaurus (Lower jurassic Lower Lufeng Formation) is the first confirmed example of such dental pathology in a dinosaur. Given the known relationship between feeding behavior and tooth damage in theropods (teeth with spalled enamel, tooth crowns embedded in bone) and the absence of dentary, maxillary, and premaxillary osteomyelitis, traumatic loss of a tooth is most likely the cause of alveolar remodeling. Based on the extent of remodeling, the injury and subsequent tooth loss were non-fatal in this individual.

关键词：下侏罗统兽脚类牙齿肺泡中国恐龙禄丰盆地地层

Round spermatid injection into human oocytes:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian journal of Andrology 2021年第4期23卷 363-369页

作者： Brent M Hanson Taylor P Kohn Alexander W Pastuszak Richard T Scott jr philip j Cheng james M Hotaling Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility IVI-Reproductive Medicine Associates of New JerseyBasking RidgeNJ 07920USA Department of Urology The Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Surgery University of Utah Center for Reconstructive Urology and Men's HealthSalt Lake CityUT 84108USA

Many azoospermic men do not possess mature spermatozoa at the time of surgical sperm *** study is a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating outcomes following round spermatid injection(ROSI),a technique which utilizes immature precursors of spermatozoa for *** electronic search was performed to identify relevant articles published through October *** cohort studies in English involving male patients who had round spermatids identified and used for fertilization with human oocytes were *** rate,pregnancy rate,and resultant delivery rate were assessed following ***-analysis outcomes were analyzed using a random-effects *** were extracted from 22 studies involving 1099 couples and 4218 embryo *** fertilization rate after ROSI was 38.7%(95%confidence interval[CI]:31.5%–46.3%),while the pregnancy rate was 3.7%(95%CI:3.2%–4.4%).The resultant delivery rate was low,with 4.3%of embryo transfers resulting in a delivery(95%CI:2.3%–7.7%).The pregnancy rate per couple was 13.4%(95%CI:6.8%–19.1%)and the resultant delivery rate per couple was 8.1%(95%CI:6.1%–14.4%).ROSI has resulted in clinical pregnancies and live births,but success rates are considerably lower than those achieved with mature *** this technique may be a feasible alternative for men with azoospermia who decline other options,couples should be aware that the odds of a successful delivery are greatly diminished and the prognosis is relatively poor.

关键词： azoospermia in vitro fertilization infertility spermatozoa testis

Model-Based Identification of Mechanical Characteristics of Sinosaurus(Theropoda) Crests

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 1-11页

作者： XING Lida WANG Yikun Eric SNIVELY ZHANG jianping DONG Zhiming Michael E.BURNS philip j.CURRIE School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of Auckland Department of Mechanical Engineering Ohio University Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Alberta T6G 2E9 Canada

The paired cranial crests of Sinosaurus （Theropoda） have been hypothesized as too weak to resist mechanical loads during combat. Finite element analysis （FEA） is used to test this hypothesis, first with geometry obtained through direct laser scanning of a well-preserved fossil of the crest, and then with two conceptual FE models of both crests analyzing the structure-deformation effects of fenestration. In the original fossil model, under direct loading on the dorsal faces of the crest, we found that the areas surrounding cavities on the crest experience shear stress that implies a high chance of material failure - the fracture of bone. In the conceptual model, a series of computational studies were conducted with varying loading directions. One simulation found that the shear stress and strain in the material around the cavity presented more deformation compared with the conceptual model without the cavities, and under this morphologically realistic scenario the loading conditions would result in local bone fractures. These model-based computational results indicate that the crest could not resist high loads, because it could not effectively decentralize the loading stress. Future investigations need to focus on more comprehensive computational experiments with more conditions, e.g. dynamical loading conditions, and direct palaeontological evidence.

关键词： Dinosauria Sinosaurus behavior finite element analysis

Is the schatzki ring a unique esophageal entity?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第23期17卷 2838-2843页

作者： Michaela Müller Ines Gockel philip Hedwig Alexander j Eckardt Kathrin Kuhr jochem Knig Volker F Eckardt Department of Gastroenterology German Clinic for Diagnostics Wiesbaden65191 WiesbadenGermany Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Medical Statistics Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity of Cologne50924 CologneGermany Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

AIM:To study,whether the association of Schatzki rings with other esophageal disorders support one of the theories about its ***:From 1987 until 2007,all patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic Schatzki rings (SRs) were prospectively registered and *** of them underwent structured interviews with regards to clinical symptoms,as well as endoscopic and/or radiographic *** and radiographic studies determined the presence of an SR and additional morphological ***:One hundred and sixty-seven patients (125 male,42 female) with a mean age of 57.1±14.6 years were *** patients complained of intermittent dysphagia for solid food and 113 (79.6%) patients had a history of food *** experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.7±5.2 years before *** in 23.4% of the 64 patients who had endoscopic and/or radiological examinations before their first presentation to our clinic,was the SR previously *** presentation,the mean ring diameter was 13.9±4.97 *** hundred and sixty-two (97%) patients showed a sliding hiatal *** reflux esophagitis was found in 47 (28.1%) ***-six (15.6%) of 167 patients showed single or multiple esophageal webs;five (3.0%) patients exhibited eosinophilic esophagitis;and four (2.4%) had esophageal *** (7%) of 57 patients undergoing esophageal manometry had nonspecific esophageal motility ***:Schatzki rings are frequently associated with additional esophageal disorders,which support the assumption of a multifactorial *** typical symptoms,SRs might be overlooked.

关键词：食管实体临床症状平均年龄嗜酸性粒细胞 SRS 运动障碍非特异性

Role of Phosphatases During Transport and Energy Matabolism in Labeo rohita After Exposureto Cypermethrin

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第1期9卷 52-59页

作者： G.H.philip j.ANURADHA DepartmentofPhysilogy MorehouseScoolofMedicine720WestiewDriveAtanta30310GAU.S.A DepartmentofZoolo

Freshwater fish, Labeo rohita, were exposed to sublethal concentration (0.5 micrograms.L-1) of cypermethrin for 7 and 15 days to examine the bioenergetics in functionally four different tissues, namely, gill, liver, brain and muscle. Whole animal oxygen consumption was measured first and it was found to decrease in both the exposure periods (EPs), manifesting respiratory distress of the animal in toxic environment. Ionic regulation and energy requirements were also found to be altered under stress, as observed by the inhibition of both Na+/K+ and Mg2+ ATPases at 7d EP and elevation at 15d EP. Increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) was consistent with the increase in exposure time. Attenuation of acid and alkaline phosphatases were noticed in treated fish after 7 days but were close to normalcy at 15d EP. These results clearly indicate that the fish were affected at 7d EP but adapted to the toxic environment within 15 days. It shows that at this concentration cypermethrin is only moderately toxic and the animal has alternate pathways to derive energy and survive.

关键词： Role of Phosphatases During Transport and Energy Matabolism in Labeo rohita After Exposureto Cypermethrin In ATPase

Factor analysis identifies subgroups of constipation

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1468-1474页

作者： philip G Dinning Mike jones Linda Hunt Sergio E Fuentealba jamshid Kalanter Denis W King David Z Lubowski Nicholas j Talley Ian j Cook Department of Gastroenterology St.George HospitalUniversity of New South WalesKogarahNSW 2217Australia Department of Psychology Macquarie UniversityNSW 2109Australia Gastroenterology Research Unit Nepean HospitalUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2050Australia Department of Colorecta Surgery St.George HospitalKogarahNSW 2217Australia Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

AIM:To determine whether distinct symptom groupings exist in a constipated population and whether such grouping might correlate with quantifiable pathophysiological measures of colonic ***:One hundred and ninety-one patients presenting to a Gastroenterology clinic with constipation and 32 constipated patients responding to a newspaper advertisement completed a 53-item,wide-ranging selfreport *** hundred of these patients had colonic transit measured *** analysis determined whether constipation-related symptoms grouped into distinct aspects of *** analysis was used to determine whether indi-vidual patients naturally group into distinct ***:Cluster analysis yielded a 4 cluster solution with the presence or absence of pain and laxative unresponsiveness providing the main *** all clusters there was a considerable proportion of patients with demonstrable delayed colon transit,irritable bowel syndrome positive criteria and regular stool *** majority of patients with these characteristics also reported regular laxative ***:Factor analysis identified four constipation subgroups,based on severity and laxative unresponsiveness,in a constipated ***,clear stratification into clinically identifiable groups remains imprecise.

关键词：大便秘结因子分析识别亚群润肠通便聚类分析病理生理功能紊乱

DNA reveals long-distance partial migratory behavior in a cryptic owl lineage

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Chinese Birds 2015年第4期6卷 235-241页

作者： Keren R.Sadanandan David j.X.Tan Kolbjorn Schjolberg philip D.Round Frank E.Rheindt Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore TSG/31 BSP HQ Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceMahidol University

Background: The Brown Hawk Owl complex is said to consist of three species,the Brown Boobook(Ninox scutulata),the Chocolate Boobook(Ninox randi) and the Northern Boobook(Ninox japonica),which includes the nominate migratory lineage Ninox japonica japonica and a mitochondrially distinct lineage of taxonomically uncertain status that has been recorded year-round at least in *** in ranges during migration and morphological similarity have led to difficulties in distinguishing the Brown Boobook from the Northern ***: PCR of cytochrome-b and Sanger sequencing of Ninox samples from Singapore and Brunei were used to determine sample ***: Two out of four Singaporean samples and the Brunei sample were identified as Northern *** is the first official record of this species in Singapore and represents a considerable range extension for the ***,the samples belong to the mitochondrially distinct lineage previously characterized in resident Taiwan Residents populations rather than to the well-known nominate migratory ***: Our data show that the mitochondrial signature previously documented in resident Taiwan Residents populations of the Northern Boobook extends to migratory *** cryptic lineage may be more widespread in its breeding quarters,extending to the Chinese and Russian mainland,in which case the name florensis would apply to *** genetic and bioacoustic investigation is required to resolve the taxonomic status of this lineage.

关键词： Migration Cryptic species Mitochondrial lineage Brown hawk owl Partial migrant

Characterizing the Relative Importance Assigned to Physical Variables by Climate Scientists when Assessing Atmospheric Climate Model Fidelity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1101-1113页

作者： Susannah M.BURROWS Aritra DASGUPTA Sarah REEHL Lisa BRAMER Po-Lun MA philip j.RASCH Yun QIAN Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashington 99354USA

Evaluating a climate model＇s fidelity（ability to simulate observed climate） is a critical step in establishing confidence in the model＇s suitability for future climate projections, and in tuning climate model parameters. Model developers use their judgement in determining which trade-offs between different aspects of model fidelity are acceptable. However, little is known about the degree of consensus in these evaluations, and whether experts use the same criteria when different scientific objectives are defined. Here, we report on results from a broad community survey studying expert assessments of the relative importance of different output variables when evaluating a global atmospheric model＇s mean climate. We find that experts adjust their ratings of variable importance in response to the scientific objective, for instance, scientists rate surface wind stress as significantly more important for Southern Ocean climate than for the water cycle in the Asian watershed. There is greater consensus on the importance of certain variables（e.g., shortwave cloud forcing） than others（e.g., aerosol optical depth）. We find few differences in expert consensus between respondents with greater or less climate modeling experience,and no statistically significant differences between the responses of climate model developers and users. The concise variable lists and community ratings reported here provide baseline descriptive data on current expert understanding of certain aspects of model evaluation, and can serve as a starting point for further investigation, as well as developing more sophisticated evaluation and scoring criteria with respect to specific scientific objectives.

关键词： climate climate model model evaluation numerical model skill expert elicitation

FtsH4 protease controls biogenesis of the PSII complex by dual regulation of high light-inducible proteins

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Plant Communications 2023年第1期4卷 272-286页

作者： Vendula Krynická Petra Skotnicová philip j.jackson Samuel Barnett jianfeng Yu Anna Wysocka Radek Kaña Mark j.Dickman Peter j.Nixon C.Neil Hunter josef Komenda The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of MicrobiologyCentre AlgatechNovohradská 23737901 TreboñCzech Republic Plants Photosynthesis and SoilSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories Department of Life SciencesSouth Kensington CampusImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia37005 Ceské BudějoviceCzech Republic

FtsH proteases are membrane-embedded proteolytic complexes important for protein quality control and regulation of various physiological processes in bacteria,mitochondria,and *** most cyanobacteria,the model species Synechocystis *** 6803 contains four FtsH homologs,FtsH1–***1–FtsH3 form two hetero-oligomeric complexes,FtsH1/3 and FtsH2/3,which play a pivotal role in acclimation to nutrient deficiency and photosystem Ⅱ quality control,***4 differs from the other three homologs by the formation of a homo-oligomeric complex,and together with Arabidopsis thaliana AtFtsH7/9 orthologs,it has been assigned to another phylogenetic group of unknown *** results exclude the possibility that Synechocystis FtsH4 structurally or functionally substitutes for the missing or non-functional FtsH2 subunit in the FtsH2/3 ***,we demonstrate that FtsH4 is involved in the biogenesis of photosystem Ⅱ by dual regulation of high light-inducible proteins(Hlips).FtsH4 positively regulates expression of Hlips shortly after high light exposure but is also responsible for Hlip removal under conditions when their elevated levels are no longer *** provide experimental support for Hlips as proteolytic substrates of *** labeling of FtsH4 enabled us to assess its localization using advanced microscopic *** show that FtsH4 complexes are concentrated in well-defined membrane regions at the inner and outer periphery of the thylakoid *** on the identification of proteins that co-purified with the tagged FtsH4,we speculate that FtsH4 concentrates in special compartments in which the biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes takes place.

关键词： thylakoid photosystemⅡbiogenesis FtsH4 high light-inducible protein proteolysis

Chromosome Number Manipulation as Part of Potato Pre-breeding Programs

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中国马铃薯 2008年第1期22卷 40-44页

作者： Kear philip j College of Agronomy Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China

The cultivated potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) is a tetraploid(2n=4x=48) and can be improved with the incorporation of desirable traits from other Solanum *** the transfer of these traits is hindered by complex genetics and breeding barriers within *** and microsporogenesis are used in chromosome number manipulation allowing breeders to reduce the potato's chromosome number to dihaploid(2n=2x=24)[diploid] or monohaploid(2n=x=12) from which a predictable transfer of traits can be made,in accordance with the endosperm balance number theory(EBN).Furthermore,the reproductive processes of first division restitution(FDR) and second division restitution(SDR) are utilized in order to increase the chromosome number for incorporation into the cultivated potato.

关键词：染色体马铃薯单倍体多倍体育种