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Changes in factor profiles deriving from photochemical losses of volatile organic compounds:Insight from daytime and nighttime positive matrix factorization ana

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 627-639页

作者： Baoshuang Liu Tao Yang Sicong Kang Fuquan Wang Haixu Zhang Man Xu Wei Wang jinrui Bai Shaojie Song Qili Dai Yinchang Feng philip K.Hopke State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control&Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research Tianjin 300350China Beijing Make Environment Science&Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China Shijiazhuang Environmental Prediction Center Shijiazhuang 050022China Department of Public Health Sciences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Institute for a Sustainable Environment Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

Substantial effects of photochemical reaction losses of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)on factor profiles can be investigated by comparing the differences between daytime and nighttime dispersion-normalized VOC data resolved *** speciated VOC data measured in Shijiazhuang,China from May to September 2021 were used to conduct *** mean VOC concentration in the daytime and at nighttime were 32.8 and 36.0 ppbv,*** and aromatics concentrations in the daytime(12.9 and 3.08 ppbv)were lower than nighttime(15.5 and 3.63 ppbv),whereas that of alkenes showed the opposite *** concentration differences between daytime and nighttime for alkynes and halogenated hydrocarbonswere uniformly *** reactivities of the dominant species in factor profiles for gasoline emissions,natural gas and diesel vehicles,and liquefied petroleum gas were relatively low and their profiles were less affected by photochemical *** losses produced a substantial impact on the profiles of solvent use,petrochemical industry emissions,combustion sources,and biogenic emissions where the dominant species in these factor profiles had high *** the profile of biogenic emissions was substantially affected by photochemical loss of isoprene,the low emissions at nighttime also had an important impact on its *** losses of highly active VOC species substantially reduced their concentrations in apportioned factor *** study results were consistent with the analytical results obtained through initial concentration estimation,suggesting that the initial concentration estimation could be the most effective currently availablemethod for the source analyses of active VOCs although with uncertainty.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Dispersion normalization Photochemical loss Factor profile Positive matrix factorization

The impact of COVID-19 on clinical outcomes of burn patients

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 792-799页

作者： Elliot T.Walters Alen Palackic Camila Franco-Mesa Nikhil R.Shah Michael j.erickson Steven E.Wolf Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch301 UniversityGalvestonTXUSA Division of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria

Background:Multiple studies have shown the SARS-CoV-2 virus(COVID-19)to be associated with deleterious outcomes in a wide range of *** impact of COVID-19 has not been well investigated among burned *** suspect that patients will have worsened respiratory and thrombotic complications,ultimately leading to increased *** objective of this study is to determine the impact a concurrent infection of COVID-19 has on clinical outcomes after a burn ***:This is a retrospective,propensity matched,cohort *** examined a de-identified database of electronic medical records of over 75 million patients across 75 health care associations in the United States for patients treated for thermal burns from 1 january 2020,to 31 july 2021,and those who also were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection within one day before or after injury based on International Classification of Disease,tenth revision(ICD-10)*** participants included adults who were treated for a burn injury during the study ***:We included 736 patients with burn injury and concomitant COVID-19 infection matched to 736 patients with burn injury and no concurrent COVID-19 infection(total 1472 patients,mean age 36.3±24.3).We found no significant increase in mortality observed for patients with concurrent COVID-19(OR 1.203,95%CI 0.517-2.803;p=0.6675).We did observe significant increase in infections(OR 3.537,95%CI 2.798-4.471;p=0.0001),thrombotic complications(OR 2.342,95%CI 1.351-4.058;p=0.0018),as was the incidence of hypertrophic scarring(OR 3.368,95%CI 2.326-4.877;p=0.0001).Conclusions:We observed that concurrent COVID-19 infection was associated with an increase in infections,thrombosis and hypertrophic scarring but no increase in mortality in our cohort of burn patients.

关键词： COVID-19 infection mortality burn thrombosis scarring

Bone targeted therapies for the prevention of skeletal morbidity in men with prostate cancer

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Asian journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 341-347页

作者： philip j Saylor Division of Hematology-Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center Boston Massachusetts USA.

Men with prostate cancer suffer substantially from bone-related complications. Androgen deprivation therapy itself is a cause of loss of bone mineral density and is associated with an increased incidence of osteoporotic fractures. In advanced disease, bone is by far the most common site of metastasis. Complications of bone metastases prominently include pain and the potential for skeletal events such as spinal cord compression and pathologic fractures. Elevated osteoclast activity is an important aspect of the pathophysiology of both treatment-related osteoporosis and skeletal complications due to metastases. The osteoclast is therefore a therapeutic target. Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to receptor activator of nuclear factor-K-B ligand that was designed to potently inhibit osteoclast activity and is the central focus of this review. Bisphosphonates, radiopharmaceuticals and systemically-active hormonal agents such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide have each been shown to improve skeletal morbidity in specific clinical situations. Denosumab is the only agent that has been shown to prevent osteoporotic fractures in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy and at elevated risk for fracture. It has also demonstrated superiority to the potent bisphosphonate zoledronic acid for the prevention of skeletal-related events in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone. Efficacy and toxicity data will be discussed.

关键词： denosumab osteoporosis osteopenia osteoclast RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B) skeletal-relatedevents

PREPARATION OF ASYMMETRIC POLYETHERKETONE FLAT AND HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES FOR GAS SEPARATION USING ACETIC ACID BASED COAGULANTS

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2008年第3期26卷 263-273页

作者：杨继萍 philip j.Brown School of Material Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson UniversitySC29634USA

Membranes for gas separation have developed significantly in the last twenty years,however,there is still a need for high temperature and chemically resistant membranes that exhibit good selectivity and gas *** study examines the fundamental properties of polyetherketone (PEK,a thermally stable and chemically resistant polymer) membranes prepared using concentrated sulphuric acid (98% H_2SO_4) as the ***-solvents used in the work included acetic acid,ethanol,methanol,glycerol,and water....

关键词： Polyetherketones Membranes Gas permeation Internal coagulant effect Morphology

Distribution of Fucosylated Xyloglucans among the Walls of Different Cell Types in Monocotyledons Determined by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 144-156页

作者： Maree Brennan philip j. Harris School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand

Xyloglucans in the non-lignified primary cell walls of different species of monocotyledons have diverse struc- tures, with widely varying proportions of oligosaccharide units that contain fucosylated side chains （F side chains）. To determine whether fucosylated xyloglucans occur in all non-lignified walls in a range of monocotyledon species, we used immunofluorescence microscopy with the monoclonal antibody CCRC-M1. The epitope of this antibody, α-L-FUCp-（1 →2）- β-D-Galp, occurs in F side chains. In most non-commelinid monocotyledons, the epitope was found in all non-lignified walls. A similar distribution was found in the palm Phoenix canariensis, which is a member of the basal commelinid order Arecales. However, in the other commelinid orders Zingiberales, Commelinales, and Poales, the occurrence of the epitope was restricted, sometimes occurring in only the phloem walls, but often also in walls of other cell types including stomatal guard and subsidiary cells and raphide idioblasts. No epitope was found in the walls of the commelinids Tradescantia virginiana （Commelinaceae, Commelinales） and Zea mays （Poaceae, Poales）, but it occurred in the phloem walls of two other Poaceae species, Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne. The distribution of the epitope is discussed in relation to xyloglucan structures in the different taxa. However, the functional significance of the restricted distributions is unknown.

关键词： Commelinid monocotyledons fucosylated xyloglucans immunofluorescence microscopy monoclona antibody CCRC-M1 non-commelinid monocotyledons plant cell wall.

Sediment generation and soil mound denudation in areas of high-density tree throw along a river valley in the jura Mountains, Switzerland

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journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 377-391页

作者： philip GREENWOOD jan BAUER Nikolaus j KUHN Physical Geography&Environmental Change Research Group Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 27Basel-4056Switzerland

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(<10 km^(2))river valley located in the mountainous jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment... 详细信息

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment transport rates by tree throw on forested hillslopes,and to document surface hydrology characteristics on four fresh soil mounds associated with recent tree throws over a 24-day monitoring *** the soil mounds,average sediment recovery ranged from 7.7-28.2 g(dry weight),equivalent to a suspended sediment concentration of 145.2-327.8 g L^(-1),and runoff coefficients ranged from 1.0%-4.2%.Based on a soil bulk density value of 1,044 kg m^(-3),upslope runoff generation areas were denuded by an average 0.14 mm by the end of the 24-day monitoring period,representing an erosion rate equivalent to 2.1 mm yr^(-1).A ca.50 cm high soil mound could therefore feasibly persist for around 200-250 *** tree throw work,the dimensions of 215 individual tree throws were measured and their locations mapped in 12 separate locations along the river valley representing a cumulative area equivalent to 5.3 ha(***,43 per ha).Tree throws generated a total of 20.1 m^(3) of fine-sediment(jority of tree throws,but instead,could be associated with root *** the high density of tree throws and their relative maturity(average age 41 years),we hypothesise that once tr

关键词： Tree throw Hillslope processes Sediment generation mechanism Sediment transport rate Soil mound Ibach river valley

Glucose transporter 4 can be inserted in the membrane without exposing its catalytic site for photolabeling from the medium

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第2期50卷 147-154页

作者： Manabu ISHIKI philip j BILAN Programme in Cell Biology Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1×8

Insulin stimulates the production of PI(3,4,5)P3 in muscle cells, and this is required to stimulate GLUT4 fusion with the plasma membrane. Introduction of exogenous PI(3,4,5)P3 to muscle cells recapitulates insulin's effects on GLUT4 fusion with the plasma membrane, but not glucose uptake. This study aims to explore the mechanism behind this difference. In L6-GLUT4myc muscle cells, the availability of the GLUT4 intracellular C-terminus and extracellular myc epitopes for immunoreactivity on plasma membrane lawns was detected with the corresponding antibody. The availability of the active site of GLUT4 from extracellular medium was assessed by affinity photolabeling with the cell impermeant compound Bio-LC-ATB-BMPA. 100nmol/L insulin and 10μmol/L PI(3,4,5)P3 caused myc signal gain on the plasma membrane lawns by 1.64-fold and 1.58-fold over basal, respectively. Insulin, but not PI(3,4,5)P3, increased photolabeling of GLUT4 and immunolabeling with C-terminus antibody by 2.47-fold and 2.04-fold over basal, respectively. Upon insulin stimulation, the C-terminus signal gain was greater than myc signal gain (2.04-fold vs. 1.64-fold over basal, respectively) in plasma membrane lawns. These results indicate that (i) PI(3,4,5)P3 does not make the active site of GLUT4 available from the extracellular surface despite causing GLUT4 fusion with the plasma membrane; (ii) the availability of the active site of GLUT4 from the extracellular medium and availability of the C-terminus from the cytosolic site are correlated; (iii) in addition to stimulating GLUT4 translocation, insulin stimulation displaces a protein which masks the GLUT4 C-terminus. We propose that a protein which masks the C-terminus also prevents the active site from being available for photolabelling and possibly glucose uptake after treatment with PI(3,4,5)P3.

关键词： glucose transport 4 (GLUT4) insulin phosphatidylinositol 3 4 5-trisphosphate (PI(3 4 5)P3) photolabel

Insulin sensitivity and inhibition by forskolin,dipyridamole and pentobarbital of glucose transport in three L6 muscle cell lines

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 739-747页

作者： philip j BILAN Michiko HAYASHI Programme in Cell Biology Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8

L6 skeletal muscle myoblasts stably overexpressing glucose transporter GLUT1 or GLUT4 with exofa- cial myc-epitope tags were characterized for their response to insulin. In clonally selected cultures, 2-deoxyglucose uptake into L6-GLUT1myc myoblasts and myotubes was linear within the time of study. In L6-GLUT1myc and L6-GLUT4myc myoblasts, 100 nmol/L insulin treatment increased the GLUT1 content of the plasma membrane by 1.58±0.01 fold and the GLUT4 content 1.96±0.11 fold, as well as the 2-deoxyglucose uptake 1.53±0.09 and 1.86±0.17 fold respectively, all by a wortmannin-inhibitable manner. The phosphorylation of Akt in these two cell lines was increased by insulin. L6-GLUT1myc myoblasts showed a dose-dependent stimulation of glucose uptake by insulin, with unaltered sensitiv- ity and maximal responsiveness compared with wild type cells. By contrast, the improved insulin re- sponsiveness and sensitivity of glucose uptake were observed in L6-GLUT4myc myoblasts. Earlier studies indicated that forskolin might affect insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. A 65% decrease of insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake in GLUT4myc cells was not due to an effect on GLUT4 mobi- lization to the plasma membrane, but instead on direct inhibition of GLUT4. Forskolin and dipyridamole are more potent inhibitors of GLUT4 than GLUT1. Alternatively, pentobarbital inhibits GLUT1 more than GLUT4. The use of these inhibitors confirmed that the overexpressed GLUT1 or GLUT4 are the major functional glucose transporters in unstimulated and insulin-stimulated L6 myoblasts. Therefore, L6-GLUT1myc and L6-GLUT4myc cells provide a platform to screen compounds that may have differ- ential effects on GLUT isoform activity or may influence GLUT isoform mobilization to the cell surface of muscle cells.

关键词： L6 muscle cells, glucose transporter (GLUT), insulin, 2-deoxyglucose uptake

Slope failure simulations with MPM

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第3期29卷 445-451页

作者： philip j.Vardon Bin Wang Michael A.Hicks Geo-Engineering Section Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The simulation of slope failures,including both failure initiation and development,has been modelled using the material point method（MPM）.Numerical case studies involving various slope angles,heterogeneity and rainfall infiltration are *** is demonstrated that,by utilising a constitutive model which encompasses,in a simplified manner,both pre-and post-failure behaviour,the material point method is able to simulate commonly observed failure *** is a step towards being able to better quantify slope failure consequence and risk.

关键词： Heterogeneity material point method(MPM) rainfall-induced slope failure strain softening