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Is the schatzki ring a unique esophageal entity?

World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第23期17卷 2838-2843页

作者： Michaela Müller Ines Gockel philip Hedwig Alexander j Eckardt Kathrin Kuhr jochem Knig Volker F Eckardt Department of Gastroenterology German Clinic for Diagnostics Wiesbaden65191 WiesbadenGermany Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Medical Statistics Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity of Cologne50924 CologneGermany Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

AIM： To study, whether the association of Schatzki rings with other esophageal disorders support one of the theories about its etiology. METHODS： From 1987 until 2007, all patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic Schatzki rings （SRs） were prospectively registered and followed. All of them underwent structured interviews with regards to clinical symptoms, as well as endoscopic and/or radiographic examinations. Endoscopic and radiographic studies determined the presence of an SR and additional morp- hological abnormalities. RESULTS： One hundred and sixty-seven patients （125 male, 42 female） with a mean age of 57.1±14.6 years were studied. All patients complained of intermittent dysphagia for solid food and 113 （79.6%） patients had a history of food impaction. Patients experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.7± 5.2 years before diagnosis. Only in 23.4% of the 64 patients who had endoscopic and/or radiological examinations before their first presentation to our clinic, was the SR previously diagnosed. At presentation, the mean ring diameter was 13.9 4- 4.97 mm. One hundred and sixty-two （97%） patients showed a sliding hiatal hernia. Erosive reflux esophagitis was found in 47 （28.1%） patients. Twenty-six （15.6%） of 167 patients showed single or multiple esophageal webs; five （3.0%） patients exhibited eosinophilic esophagitis; and four （2.4%） had esophageal diverticula. Four （7%） of 57 patients undergoing esophageal manometry had non- specific esophageal motility disorders. CONCLUSION： Schatzki rings are frequently associated with additional esophageal disorders, which support the assumption of a multifactorial etiology. Despite typical symptoms, SRs might be overlooked.

关键词： Schatzki ring Dysphagia Food impaction Gastroesophageal reflux disease Esophageal web

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Factor analysis identifies subgroups of constipation

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1468-1474页

作者： philip G Dinning Mike jones Linda Hunt Sergio E Fuentealba jamshid Kalanter Denis W King David Z Lubowski Nicholas j Talley Ian j Cook Department of Gastroenterology St.George HospitalUniversity of New South WalesKogarahNSW 2217Australia Department of Psychology Macquarie UniversityNSW 2109Australia Gastroenterology Research Unit Nepean HospitalUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2050Australia Department of Colorecta Surgery St.George HospitalKogarahNSW 2217Australia Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

AIM:To determine whether distinct symptom groupings exist in a constipated population and whether such grouping might correlate with quantifiable pathophysiological measures of colonic ***:One hundred and ninety-one patients presenting to a Gastroenterology clinic with constipation and 32 constipated patients responding to a newspaper advertisement completed a 53-item,wide-ranging selfreport *** hundred of these patients had colonic transit measured *** analysis determined whether constipation-related symptoms grouped into distinct aspects of *** analysis was used to determine whether indi-vidual patients naturally group into distinct ***:Cluster analysis yielded a 4 cluster solution with the presence or absence of pain and laxative unresponsiveness providing the main *** all clusters there was a considerable proportion of patients with demonstrable delayed colon transit,irritable bowel syndrome positive criteria and regular stool *** majority of patients with these characteristics also reported regular laxative ***:Factor analysis identified four constipation subgroups,based on severity and laxative unresponsiveness,in a constipated ***,clear stratification into clinically identifiable groups remains imprecise.

关键词： Factor analysis Constipation Symptoms Clusters Laxatives

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DNA reveals long-distance partial migratory behavior in a cryptic owl lineage

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Chinese Birds 2015年第4期6卷 235-241页

作者： Keren R.Sadanandan David j.X.Tan Kolbjorn Schjolberg philip D.Round Frank E.Rheindt Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore TSG/31 BSP HQ Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceMahidol University

Background: The Brown Hawk Owl complex is said to consist of three species,the Brown Boobook(Ninox scutulata),the Chocolate Boobook(Ninox randi) and the Northern Boobook(Ninox japonica),which includes the nominate migratory lineage Ninox japonica japonica and a mitochondrially distinct lineage of taxonomically uncertain status that has been recorded year-round at least in *** in ranges during migration and morphological similarity have led to difficulties in distinguishing the Brown Boobook from the Northern ***: PCR of cytochrome-b and Sanger sequencing of Ninox samples from Singapore and Brunei were used to determine sample ***: Two out of four Singaporean samples and the Brunei sample were identified as Northern *** is the first official record of this species in Singapore and represents a considerable range extension for the ***,the samples belong to the mitochondrially distinct lineage previously characterized in resident Taiwan Residents populations rather than to the well-known nominate migratory ***: Our data show that the mitochondrial signature previously documented in resident Taiwan Residents populations of the Northern Boobook extends to migratory *** cryptic lineage may be more widespread in its breeding quarters,extending to the Chinese and Russian mainland,in which case the name florensis would apply to *** genetic and bioacoustic investigation is required to resolve the taxonomic status of this lineage.

关键词： Migration Cryptic species Mitochondrial lineage Brown hawk owl Partial migrant

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Characterizing the Relative Importance Assigned to Physical Variables by Climate Scientists when Assessing Atmospheric Climate Model Fidelity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1101-1113页

作者： Susannah M.BURROWS Aritra DASGUPTA Sarah REEHL Lisa BRAMER Po-Lun MA philip j.RASCH Yun QIAN Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashington 99354USA

Evaluating a climate model＇s fidelity（ability to simulate observed climate） is a critical step in establishing confidence in the model＇s suitability for future climate projections, and in tuning climate model parameters. Model developers use their judgement in determining which trade-offs between different aspects of model fidelity are acceptable. However, little is known about the degree of consensus in these evaluations, and whether experts use the same criteria when different scientific objectives are defined. Here, we report on results from a broad community survey studying expert assessments of the relative importance of different output variables when evaluating a global atmospheric model＇s mean climate. We find that experts adjust their ratings of variable importance in response to the scientific objective, for instance, scientists rate surface wind stress as significantly more important for Southern Ocean climate than for the water cycle in the Asian watershed. There is greater consensus on the importance of certain variables（e.g., shortwave cloud forcing） than others（e.g., aerosol optical depth）. We find few differences in expert consensus between respondents with greater or less climate modeling experience,and no statistically significant differences between the responses of climate model developers and users. The concise variable lists and community ratings reported here provide baseline descriptive data on current expert understanding of certain aspects of model evaluation, and can serve as a starting point for further investigation, as well as developing more sophisticated evaluation and scoring criteria with respect to specific scientific objectives.

关键词： climate climate model model evaluation numerical model skill expert elicitation

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Translational bioengineering strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration:opportunities,challenges,and novel concepts

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1229-1234页

作者： Karim A.Sarhane Chenhu Qiu Thomas G.W.Harris philip j.Hanwright Hai-Quan Mao Sami H.Tuffaha Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Peripheral Nerve Research LaboratoryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of EngineeringBaltimoreMDUSA Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries remain a challenging problem in need of better treatment *** best efforts at surgical reconstruction and postoperative rehabilitation,patients are often left with persistent,debilitating motor and sensory *** are currently no therapeutic strategies proven to enhance the regenerative process in humans.A clinical need exists for the development of technologies to promote nerve regeneration and improve functional *** advances in the fields of tissue engineering and nanotechnology have enabled biomaterial scaffolds to modulate the host response to tissue repair through tailored mechanical,chemical,and conductive *** bioengineered approaches have enabled targeted,sustained delivery of protein therapeutics with the capacity to unlock the clinical potential of a myriad of neurotrophic growth factors that have demonstrated promise in enhancing regenerative *** such,further exploration of combinatory strategies leveraging these technological advances may offer a pathway towards clinically translatable solutions to advance the care of patients with peripheral nerve *** review first presents the various emerging bioengineering strategies that can be applied for the management of nerve gap *** cover the rationale and limitations for their use as an alternative to autografts,focusing on the approaches to increase the number of regenerating axons crossing the repair site,and facilitating their growth towards the distal *** also discuss the emerging growth factor-based therapeutic strategies designed to improve functional outcomes in a multimodal fashion,by accelerating axonal growth,improving the distal regenerative environment,and preventing end-organs atrophy.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 nanotechnology neurobiology peripheral nerve regeneration Schwann cells translational research

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A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 263-272页

作者： Shengyu Wang philip A.Martin Yan Hao William j.Sutherland Gorm E.Shackelford jihua Wu Ruiting ju Wenneng Zhou Bo Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s(BioRISC) St Catharine’s CollegeUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21RLUK Conservation Science Group Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB23QZUK State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive AdaptationEvolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China

Invasions by Spartina species pose serious threats to global coastal *** many studies have examined the effectiveness and ecological impacts of invasive Spartina management,no comprehensive global synthesis has been conducted to assess the effects of management on Spartina per se and on wider ***,we conducted a global meta-analysis of 3,459 observations from 102 studies to quantify the effects of different management interventions(physical,chemical,biological,and integrated control)on Spartina per se and native biodiversity and *** found that physical measures quickly suppressed Spartina but that their effectiveness declined over *** contrast,chemical measures decreased the abundance and growth of Spartina to a lesser degree in the early stage,but the effectiveness increased over *** management measures did not significantly decrease the diversity of native biota on the whole,but native-plant diversity significantly decreased with time after physical *** management measures did not affect abiotic factors *** results support the use of chemical measures to control invasive Spartina,although their effectiveness would depend on the time since the management *** the problem of Spartina regrowth following physical control requires improved *** hold that initial states of invaders and subsequent environmental changes after management interventions should be weighed in evaluating control efficacy.

关键词： Plant invasion Biodiversity Meta-analysis Restoration Salt marshes Treatment timing

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Cilostazol and isosorbide mononitrate for the prevention of progression of cerebral small vessel disease:baseline data and statistical analysis plan for the Lacunar Intervention Trial-2(LACI-2)(ISRCTN14911850)

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第2期8卷 134-143页

作者： philip M Bath Iris Mhlanga Lisa j Woodhouse Fergus Doubal Katherine Oatey Alan A Montgomery joanna M Wardlaw LACI-Trial Investigators Stroke Trials Unit University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences UK Dementia Research Institute CentreUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit University of NottinghamNottinghamUK

Background Cerebral small vessel disease(SVD)causes lacunar strokes(25%of all ischaemic strokes),physical frailty and cognitive impairment and vascular and mixed *** is no specific treatment to prevent progression of *** The LACunar Intervention Trial-2 is an investigator-initiated prospective randomised open-label blinded-endpoint phase II feasibility study assessing cilostazol and isosorbide mononitrate for preventing SVD *** aimed to recruit 400 patients with clinically evident lacunar ischaemic stroke and randomised to cilostazol,isosorbide mononitrate,both or neither,in addition to guideline secondary ischaemic stroke prevention,in a partial factorial *** primary outcome is feasibility of recruitment and adherence to medication;key secondary outcomes include:drug tolerability;recurrent vascular events,cognition and function at 1 year after randomisation;and safety(bleeding,falls,death).Data are number(%)and median(IQR).Results The trial commenced on 5 February 2018 and ceased recruitment on 31 May 2021 with 363 patients randomised,with the following baseline characteristics:average age 64(56.0,72.0)years,female 112(30.9%),stroke onset to randomisation 79.0(27.0,244.0)days,hypertension 267(73.6%),median blood pressures 143.0(130.0,157.0)/83.0(75.0,90.0)mm Hg,current smokers 67(18.5%),educationally achieved end of school examinations(A-level)or higher 118(32.5%),modified Rankin scale 1.0(0.0,1.0),National Institutes Health stroke scale 1.0(1.4),Montreal Cognitive Assessment 26.0(23.0,28.0)and total SVD score on brain imaging 1.0(0.0,2.0).This publication summarises the baseline data and presents the statistical analysis *** The trial is currently in follow-up which will complete on 31 May 2022 with results expected in October *** registration number ISRCTN14911850.

关键词： nitrate initiated prevention

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Chromosome Number Manipulation as Part of Potato Pre-breeding Programs

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中国马铃薯 2008年第1期22卷 40-44页

作者： Kear philip j College of Agronomy Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China

The cultivated potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) is a tetraploid(2n=4x=48) and can be improved with the incorporation of desirable traits from other Solanum *** the transfer of these traits is hindered by complex genetics and breeding barriers within *** and microsporogenesis are used in chromosome number manipulation allowing breeders to reduce the potato's chromosome number to dihaploid(2n=2x=24)[diploid] or monohaploid(2n=x=12) from which a predictable transfer of traits can be made,in accordance with the endosperm balance number theory(EBN).Furthermore,the reproductive processes of first division restitution(FDR) and second division restitution(SDR) are utilized in order to increase the chromosome number for incorporation into the cultivated potato.

关键词：染色体马铃薯单倍体多倍体育种

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Target tracking algorithm based on a broad learning system

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 261-263页

作者： Dan ZHANG Tieshan LI C.L.philip CHEN He YANG Navigation College Dalian Maritime University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education College Dalian Minzu University School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Computer Science and Engineering College South China University of Technology

Target tracking is one of the most important research topics in the field of computer vision. It has been widely applied in aerospace, automatic monitoring, navigation, human-computer interaction, and artificial intel... 详细信息

关键词： Target tracking Broad learning system Selective search algorithm Multi-cue tracking Tracking adaptability

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Photonic Crystal Fibers

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 11-12页

作者： William j. Wadsworth jonathan C. Knight William H. Reeves philip St.j. Russell Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.

By offering greatly enhanced control of light compared to conventional step-index structures, photonic crystal fibres are radically improving the performance of linear and nonlinear fibre devices, including gas-Raman ... 详细信息

关键词： PCF of or Photonic Crystal Fibers in

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