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The Shishugou Fauna of the Middle-Late jurassic Transition Period in the junggar Basin of Western China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第4期96卷 1115-1135页

作者： XU Xing james M.CLARK David A.EBERTH philip j.currie Centre for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Department of Biological Sciences George Washington UniversityWashington DC20052USA Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology Box 7500DrumhellerAlberta T0J 0Y0Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta 116 Street and 85 AvenueEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

The Middle-Late jurassic transition period is a critical period for the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates,but the global fossil record from this time is relatively *** Shishugou Fauna of this period has recently produced significant fossil remains of dinosaurs and other vertebrate groups,some representing the earliest known members of several dinosaurian groups and other vertebrate groups and some representing the best-known specimens of their *** discoveries are significant for our understanding of the origin and evolution of several vertebrate *** dating indicates that the fauna is aged approximately 159-164 *** with other similarly-aged terrestrial faunas such as Shaximiao and Yanliao show both taxonomic similarities and differences between these faunas and indicate that the junggar deposits might have preserved the most complete vertebrate fossil record for a Middle-Late jurassic Laurasian terrestrial fauna.

关键词： Middle-Late jurassic Shishugou Fauna Shishugou Formation terrestrial ecosystem Shaximiao Yanliao junggar Basin

An Unusual, Three-Dimensionally Preserved, Large Hadrosauriform Pes Track from "Mid"-Cretaceous jiaguan Formation of Chongqing, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第2期86卷 304-312页

作者： XING Lida Phil R.BELL jeraldD.HARRIS philip j.currie Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta11455 Saskatchewan DriveEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E9Canada Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Chinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 643100044 BeijingChina Pipestone Creek Dinosaur Initiative ClairmontAlberta TOH OWOCanada. Physical Sciences Department Dixie State College225 South 700 EastSt.GeorgeUtah 84770USA

Three-dimensional tracks provide unique insights into the locomotor mechanics of their track makers. An isolated, large hadrosauriform print attributable to Caririchnium lotus from the ＂mid＂-Cretaceous Lotus track site （jiaguan Formation） in China permits reconstruction of the footfall, weight-bearing, and kick-off phases of the step cycle. Large-scale modifications of the pes during the step cycle indicate C. lotus trackmakers were capable of locomotory modifications in response to substrate consistency beyond the ＂expected＂ shift between bipedal and quadrupedal postures. An unusual curvature to the trace of one of the outer digits indicates substantial transverse mobility. The remaining digits demonstrate lesser degrees of transverse movement accompanied by extension of the digits during footfall. The absence of overprinted scale-scratch marks and toe drags are consistent with a vertical kick-off of the pes and concomitant flexion of the digits. This track suggests that pedal mobility in C. lotus track makers was greater than previously suspected and has implications for reconstructions of hadrosauriform locomotion.

关键词： hadrosauriform locomotion footprints Cretaceous step cycle

Model-Based Identification of Mechanical Characteristics of Sinosaurus(Theropoda) Crests

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 1-11页

作者： XING Lida WANG Yikun Eric SNIVELY ZHANG jianping DONG Zhiming Michael E.BURNS philip j.currie School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of Auckland Department of Mechanical Engineering Ohio University Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Alberta T6G 2E9 Canada

The paired cranial crests of Sinosaurus （Theropoda） have been hypothesized as too weak to resist mechanical loads during combat. Finite element analysis （FEA） is used to test this hypothesis, first with geometry obtained through direct laser scanning of a well-preserved fossil of the crest, and then with two conceptual FE models of both crests analyzing the structure-deformation effects of fenestration. In the original fossil model, under direct loading on the dorsal faces of the crest, we found that the areas surrounding cavities on the crest experience shear stress that implies a high chance of material failure - the fracture of bone. In the conceptual model, a series of computational studies were conducted with varying loading directions. One simulation found that the shear stress and strain in the material around the cavity presented more deformation compared with the conceptual model without the cavities, and under this morphologically realistic scenario the loading conditions would result in local bone fractures. These model-based computational results indicate that the crest could not resist high loads, because it could not effectively decentralize the loading stress. Future investigations need to focus on more comprehensive computational experiments with more conditions, e.g. dynamical loading conditions, and direct palaeontological evidence.

关键词： Dinosauria Sinosaurus behavior finite element analysis

Braincase Anatomy of the Basal Theropod Sinosaurus from the Early jurassic of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第6期88卷 1653-1664页

作者： XING Lida Ariana PAULINA-CARABAjAL philip j.currie XU Xing ZHANG jianping WANG Tao Michael E.BURNS DONG Zhiming School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Museo Carmen Funes Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TecnológicasAv.Córdoba 55 (8318)Plaza Huincul Neuquén Argentina University of Alberta CW405 Biological Sciences BuildingEdmonton Alberta T6G 2E9 Canada Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lufeng Land and Resources Bureau

The neuroanatomy of the mid-sized theropod Sinosaurus triassicus from the Lower jurassic Lufeng Formation, Lufeng Basin in Yunnan Province, China was studied using X-ray computed tomography. The braincase is characterized by a large supraoccipital knob that is capped by a posterior projection of the parietal and two external foramina for the caudal middle cerebral vein, which is completely enclosed by the supraoccipital. The basicranium has well defined, short basipterygoid processes that project ventral to the basal tubera. The basisphenoid is expanded, projects posteroventrally, and is pierced by four pneumatic recesses. The endocranial morphology resembles that observed in other basal theropods—in particular some allosauroids—and has a strongly marked pontine flexure and a large dorsal expansion. The inner ear morphology is also similar to that observed in other basal theropods, with slender semicircular canals. The anterior semicircular canal is 20% larger than the posterior semicircular canal, and the angle formed between them is less than 90° when seen in dorsal view.

关键词： Neuroanatomy paleoneurology Dinosaur inner ear pneumaticity Early jurassic Yunnan

董氏中华盗龙(兽脚类:异特龙超科)脑颅新知:筛区、颅腔解剖和具气腔(英文)

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古脊椎动物学报 2012年第2期50卷 85-101页

作者： Ariana PAULINA CARABAjAL philip j.currie 阿根廷国家科学技术研究委员会-卡门·富内斯博物馆内乌肯普拉萨温库尔8318 加拿大阿尔伯塔大学埃德蒙顿T6G2E9

董氏中华盗龙(Sinraptor dongi) 是产自中国西北部新疆侏罗纪石树沟组上部的一种大型兽脚类。其正型标本包括了保存完好的脑颅,这是在最近的化石修理中额外发现的。脑颅中骨化筛骨的横切面为 U 形。在脑颅的解剖方位,蝶筛骨和眶蝶骨之... 详细信息

董氏中华盗龙(Sinraptor dongi) 是产自中国西北部新疆侏罗纪石树沟组上部的一种大型兽脚类。其正型标本包括了保存完好的脑颅,这是在最近的化石修理中额外发现的。脑颅中骨化筛骨的横切面为 U 形。在脑颅的解剖方位,蝶筛骨和眶蝶骨之间有一未骨化空间,表明该恐龙存活时具有软骨质的中隔蝶骨。利用乳胶颅腔模型和 CT 扫描技术对颅腔和含气隐窝的形态进行了研究,发现了一些此前未描述过的特点。其中尤为引人注目的是,发育良好的尾鼓室隐窝[一般认为是虚骨龙类(coelurosaurs) 的典型特征]以及基蝶骨隐窝和相关气腔的内部形态。侧鼓室隐窝和基蝶骨隐窝有纵向通道连接,很可能同时具有气腔和血管功能。模型也表明,颅腔没有髓质隆起,小脑绒球隐窝的开孔为沙漏状。若不包含嗅束和嗅球,颅腔容积为 95 ml,脑容商在其他基干坚尾龙类( tetanurans) 的范围内。虽然这些类群的第Ⅱ-Ⅳ对脑神经相对位置各有差异,但前脑、中脑和后脑之间的角度与鲨齿龙类( carcharodontosaurids) [鲨齿龙(Carcharodontosaurus) 及南方巨兽龙(Giganotosaurus) ]相似。第Ⅸ,Ⅹ和Ⅺ对脑神经穿过一个半月形的孔。在异特龙超科( Allosauroidea) 中,中华盗龙(Sinraptor) 在颅腔形态上与鲨齿龙、南方巨兽龙和异特龙( Allosaurus) 的相似程度比它与高棘龙(Acrocanthosaurus) 的相似程度更高。

关键词：中国侏罗系异特龙类脑颅古神经学

THE DINOSAUR PROjECT——AN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE PROGRAM ON DINOSAURS

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1988年第3期 235-240页

作者： DONG ZHIMING DALE A.RUSSELL philip j.currie

The dinosaurs of China are among the most exciting in the world. An appreciation of the anatomy of Chinese dinosaurs has become a central element in modern studies of dinosauriah evolution (Russell 1987), and the world's palaeontologists have paid a great deal of attention to China because of her abundant dinosaur resources. The Dinosaur Project, originally called the Canada-China Dinosaur Project (CCDP), was organized in 1985. In that year, the Ex Terra Foundation, Alberta, signed an agreement establishing the project with three core partners: The Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Drumheller, The Natiolaal Mu-

关键词： AN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE PROGRAM ON DINOSAURS THE DINOSAUR PROjECT

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华岛纳奈莫群的帆翼龙类化石(英文)

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地球学报 2010年第S1期31卷 3-3页

作者： Victoria M.ARBOUR philip j.currie Laboratory for Vertebrate Paleontology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Alberta

An unusual jaw found in a calcite nodule from Collishaw Point,Hornby Island,British Columbia(off the east coast of Vancouver Island)represents the first definitive

关键词：不列颠哥伦比亚省加拿大温哥华类化石翼龙

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中国西藏恐龙足迹的首次记录(英文)

地质通报 2011年第1期31卷 173-178页

作者：邢立达杰瑞德D．哈里斯菲利普j．柯里阿尔伯塔大学生物科学系加拿大埃德蒙顿T6G 2E9 脊椎动物进化系统学开放实验室中国科学院北京100044 迪克西州立学院自然科学系美国犹他84770

记述了中国西藏昌都地区莫荣化石点的三道蜥脚类恐龙行迹,共8个足迹,这些足迹被归入雷龙足迹(Brontopodus)。这些具有宽或亚宽的行迹表明,早—中侏罗世的昌都地区可能生活有大型的巨龙形类。该发现还表明,西藏昌都地区的蜥脚类恐龙动物... 详细信息

记述了中国西藏昌都地区莫荣化石点的三道蜥脚类恐龙行迹,共8个足迹,这些足迹被归入雷龙足迹(Brontopodus)。这些具有宽或亚宽的行迹表明,早—中侏罗世的昌都地区可能生活有大型的巨龙形类。该发现还表明,西藏昌都地区的蜥脚类恐龙动物群不仅具有与四川盆地蜥脚类动物群相同的要素,还可能具有更多样化的动物区系成分。

关键词：早—中侏罗世蜥脚类足迹巨龙形类雷龙足迹西藏昌都地区

Hydromechanical characterization of gas transport amidst uncertainty for underground nuclear explosion detection

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2019-2032页

作者： Wenfeng Li Chelsea W.Neil j William Carey Meng Meng Luke P.Frash philip H.Stauffer Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87544USA Department of Mineral Engineering New Mexico TechSocorroNM87801USA

Given the challenge of definitively discriminating between chemical and nuclear explosions using seismic methods alone,surface detection of signature noble gas radioisotopes is considered a positive identification of underground nuclear explosions(UNEs).However,the migration of signature radionuclide gases between the nuclear cavity and surface is not well understood because complex processes are involved,including the generation of complex fracture networks,reactivation of natural fractures and faults,and thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical(THMC)coupling of radionuclide gas transport in the *** this study,we provide an experimental investigation of hydro-mechanical(HM)coupling among gas flow,stress states,rock deformation,and rock damage using a unique multi-physics triaxial direct shear rock testing *** testing system also features redundant gas pressure and flow rate measurements,well suited for parameter uncertainty *** porous tuff and tight granite samples that are relevant to historic UNE tests,we measured the Biot effective stress coefficient,rock matrix gas permeability,and fracture gas permeability at a range of pore pressure and stress *** Biot effective stress coefficient varies from 0.69 to 1 for the tuff,whose porosity averages 35.3%±0.7%,while this coefficient varies from 0.51 to 0.78 for the tight granite(porosity<1%,perhaps an underestimate).Matrix gas permeability is strongly correlated to effective stress for the granite,but not for the porous *** experiments reveal the following key engineering implications on transport of radionuclide gases post a UNE event:(1)The porous tuff shows apparent fracture dilation or compression upon stress changes,which does not necessarily change the gas permeability;(2)The granite fracture permeability shows strong stress sensitivity and is positively related to shear displacement;and(3)Hydromechanical coupling among stress states,rock damage,and gas flow appears to be

关键词： Underground nuclear explosion uncertainty quantification Radionuclide transport Biot effective stress coefficient Fracture permeability Matrix permeability