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Chinese journal of Traumatology 2018年第2期21卷 118-121页

作者： Eugene Ng Ian Campbell Andrew Choong Allan Kruger philip j. walker Department of Vascular Surgery Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Herston QLD 4006 Brisbane Australia

Although penetrating neck trauma （PNT） is uncommon, it is associated with the significant morbidity and mortality. The management of PNT has changed significantly over the past 50 years. A radiological assessment now is a vital part of the management with a traditional surgical exploration. A 22 years old male was assaulted by a screwdriver and sustained multiple penetrating neck injuries. A contrast CT scan revealed a focal pseudoaneurysm in the left common carotid artery bulb. There was no active bleeding or any other vascular injuries and the patient remained haemodynamically stable. In view of these findings, he was initially managed conservatively without an open surgical exploration. However, the patient was noted to have an acute drop in his hemoglobin count overnight post injury and the catheter directed angiography showed active bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm. Surgical exploration 40 hours following the initial injury revealed a penetrating injury through both arterial walls of the left carotid bulb which was repaired with a great saphenous vein patch. A percutaneous drain was inserted in the carotid tri- angle and a course of intravenous antibiotics for five days was commenced. The patient recovered well with no complications and remained asymptomatic at five months followup.

关键词： Penetrating neck trauma Management penetrating neck trauma Investigation penetrating neck trauma Assessment penetrating neck trauma

Experience with Thoracic Aortic Stent-Grafting at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital: Outcomes from the First Decade

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World journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2012年第3期2卷 29-39页

作者： Michel R Hoenig jason jenkins Nicholas Boyne Allan Kruger philip j walker Department of Vascular Surgery Royal Brisbane & Women’s Hospital Herston Queensland Australia University of Queensland School of Medicine Discipline of Surgery Centre for Clinical Research Herston Queensland Australia

Objectives: To describe thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) outcomes at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital between 2001-2010. Design: Prospective cohort study. Results: We successfully treated 95 of 97 patients for a 98% procedural success rate. Of the treated patients, 68 (72%) were males and mean age was 61 ± 17 years. Average follow up was 3.6 ± 2.0 years. Pathologies treated were: dissection (n = 35), aneurysmal disease (n = 32), traumatic disease (n = 19), coarctation (n = 5) and miscellaneous (n = 4). There was one peri-procedural myocardial infarction. Renal complications occurred in 7 patients (3 with doubling creatinine and 4 requiring temporary renal replacement therapy). Stroke occurred in 2 patients and paresis in 2 patients (permanent in one). Six patients died during index hospitalization and 17 deaths occurred during follow-up, 2 of which were confirmed secondary to aortic pathology. Age (HR 1.08 per year, p < 0.01) and ASA class (HR 2.2 per class, p = 0.02) were independently associated with mortality. There were 25 re-interventions in 22 patients. Eighteen of these re-interventions in 16 patients were related to the management of complications of TEVAR of which 13 were for endoleaks;eight type I, four type II, one type III. Conclusion: TEVAR can be used to treat thoracic aortic pathology but questions remain regarding long-term durability.

关键词： Aorta Stents Surgery

Rodent management in Aotearoa New Zealand: approaches and challenges to landscape-scale control

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 8-26页

作者： john G.INNES Grant NORBURY Araceli SAMANIEGO Susan walker Deborah j.WILSON Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research HamiltonNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AlexandraNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AucklandNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research DunedinNew Zealand

Aotearoa—New Zealand has only four rodent species,all *** order of arrival,they are Pacific rat Rattus exulans,brown rat ***,house mouse Mus musculus,and black rat *** management in New Zealand aims mainly to conserve indigenous biodiversity rather than to protect crops or manage diseases,as is usual *** describe four major“regimes”and one major vision for rodent control in New Zealand to meet ecological restoration *** challenges for island eradications are for large islands that are remote or populated by *** 1080 is the only large-scale(tens of thousands of hectares)option for black rat control,but its application requires adjustment to counter subsequent rapid black rat ***“ecosanctuaries”(mean 720 ha)use ground-based traps and poisons to target mainly black rats and face constant *** with mammal-resistant fences(up to 3500 ha)limit reinvasion and target more pest species and have enabled the return of previously extirpated taxa to the main *** Free 2050 aims to eradicate the rat species(but not mice)plus some other introduced mammals from New Zealand by *** vision is not attainable with current tools,but research and experimental management is exploring techniques and *** large scale(to 100000 ha)at which black rats are now targeted for control to extremely low abundance seems to be unique to New Zealand.

关键词： black rat brown rat eradication house mouse rodent control

Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal j.P.Reistad S.M.Hatch S.Gasparini S.j.walker Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

Intracranial pressure is elevated at 24h post-stroke inmice

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 60-64页

作者： Kirby E.Warren Rebecca j.Hood Fredrick R.walker Neil j.Spratt School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia Hunter Medical Research Institute NewLambton HeightsAustralia School of Biomedicine Discipline of Anatomy and PathologyFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewLambton HeightsAustralia

Background:It has long been assumed that post-stroke intracranial pressure(ICP)elevation occurs because of large infarct and edema ***,we have repeatedly shown IcP elevation at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of little to no edema in *** processes are often conserved across species and types of ***,we aimed to determine if an ICP rise occurs at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of small infarct and edema volumes in ***:Mice were randomized by random number table to either photothrombotic stroke or sham surgery(n=15).Epidural ICP was recorded using a fiber optic catheter at 1 h post-stroke(baseline)and between 23 and ***:ICP was significantly higher at 24 h compared to baseline in stroke animals(n=6;10.71±6.45mmHg vs.3.74±2.20mmHg,respec-tively;p=0.03).ICP at 24 h was also significantly higher in stroke mice compared to sham(n=6;3.45±1.43mmHg;p=0.02).There was no change in ICP in sham mice(p=0.9).Edema volumes in stroke animals were small(0.04±0.04 mm3)and unlikely to have caused significant ICP ***:This study provides evidence of an edema-independent ICP elevation following small ischemic stroke in *** occurrence of this rise supports our findings in other species and suggests it is caused by a previously undescribed mechanism.

关键词： cerebraledema intracranial pressure ischemic stroke

Estimating geographic variation of infection fatality ratios during epidemics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 634-643页

作者： joshua Ladau Eoin L.Brodie Nicola Falco Ishan Bansal Elijah B.Hoffman Marcin P.joachimiak Ana M.Mora Angelica M.walker Haruko M.Wainwright Yulun Wu Mirko Pavicic Daniel jacobson Matthias Hess james B.Brown Katrina Abuabara Departments of Computational Precision Health and Dermatology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94115USA Arva Intelligence Inc.Salt Lake CityUT84101USA Computational Biosciences Group Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Graduate Group in Biostatistics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Biosystems Data Science Environmental Genomics and Systems BiologyLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Center for Environmental Research and Community Health(CERCH) School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA02139USA Biosciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA University of California DavisCA95616USA Statistics Department University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California Berkeley School of Public Health2121 Berkeley WayBerkeleyCA94720USA

Objectives We aim to estimate geographic variability in total numbers of infections and infection fatality ratios(IFR;the number of deaths caused by an infection per 1,000 infected people)when the availability and quality of data on disease burden are limited during an *** We develop a noncentral hypergeometric framework that accounts for differential probabilities of positive tests and reflects the fact that symptomatic people are more likely to seek *** demonstrate the robustness,accuracy,and precision of this framework,and apply it to the United States(U.S.)COVID-19 pandemic to estimate county-level SARS-CoV-2 *** The estimators for the numbers of infections and IFRs showed high accuracy and precision;for instance,when applied to simulated validation data sets,across counties,Pearson correlation coefficients between estimator means and true values were 0.996 and 0.928,respectively,and they showed strong robustness to model *** the county-level estimators to the real,unsimulated COVID-19 data spanning April 1,2020 to September 30,2020 from across the U.S.,we found that IFRs varied from 0 to 44.69,with a standard deviation of 3.55 and a median of *** The proposed estimation framework can be used to identify geographic variation in IFRs across settings.

关键词： Infection fatality ratio Infection fatality rate Noncentral hypergeometric distribution COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

Beyond first-line chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer:An expanding array of therapeutic options?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2224-2236页

作者： Evan j walker Andrew H Ko University of California Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center San Francisco CA 94115 United States

While an increasing number of therapeutic options are now available for the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer,the optimal choice for treatment in the second-line setting and beyond is less well defined.A variety of cytotoxic agents,either alone or in combination,have been evaluated,although primarily in the context of small single-arm or retrospective *** regimens have been associated with median progression-free survival rates in the range of 2-4 mo and overall survival rates between 4-8mo,highlighting the very poor prognosis of patients who are candidates for such *** therapies studied in this chemotherapy-refractory setting,meanwhile,have produced even worse efficacy *** the current article,we review the clinical evidence for treatment of refractory disease,primarily in patients who have progressed on front-line gemcitabine-based *** the process,we highlight the limitations of the available data to date as well as some of the challenges in designing appropriate clinical trials in this salvage setting,including how to select an appropriate control arm given the absence of a wellestablished reference standard,and the importance of incorporating predictive biomarkers and quality of life measures whenever possible into study design.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Refractory Second-line chemotherapy Gemcitabine

Gastrointestinal disease in children with autism spectrum disorders:Etiology or consequence?

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World journal of Psychiatry 2021年第9期11卷 605-618页

作者： Arthur Krigsman Stephen j walker Pediatric Gastroenterology Resources of New York and Texas GeorgetownTX 78628United States Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston SalemNC 27157United States

Chronic gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms and disorders are common in children with autism spectrum disorder and have been shown to be significantly correlated with the degree of behavioral and cognitive *** this unique population,GI symptoms often arise very early in development,during infancy or toddlerhood,and may be misdiagnosed-or not diagnosed at all–due in part to the challenges associated with recognition of symptoms in a minimally or noncommunicative *** demonstrating that the gut-brain-axis can communicate gut dysbiosis and systemic immune dysregulation in a bidirectional manner raises the question as to whether an untreated gastrointestinal disorder can directly impact neurodevelopment or,conversely,whether having a neurodevelopmental disorder predisposes a child to chronic GI *** the data presented in this mini review,we conclude that the preponderance of available evidence would suggest the former scenario is more strongly supported.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder Gastrointestinal disease Immune dysregulation Neurodevelopment

Eddy Calculation and Vacuum Field Reconstruction on EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第2期13卷 145-152页

作者：罗正平肖炳甲 j.A.LEUER M.L.walker 袁旗平 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences General Atomics DⅢ-D National Fusion Facility

A new method, by using eigenmodes to reduce the fitting parameters and precalculated eddy current based on a lump parameter circuit equation, is applied to reconstruct the vacuum field for EAST plasma startup.

关键词： EAST eddy calculation vacuum field reconstruction tokamak

三维炭纤维预型体上烷烃气的催化炭沉积(英文)

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新型炭材料 2009年第3期24卷 251-259页

作者： Matthew j Thornton Gavin S walker School of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham

研究了承载镍催化剂的三维(3D)炭纤维预型体,在含氢或无氢条件下,乙烷和合成天然气在其上面化学气相沉积形成的炭沉积率和碳纳米构结物。观察了炭沉积所获石墨纳米纤维、碳纳米管和石墨碳壳,得知沉积碳的纳米结构取决于沉积温度和碳源... 详细信息

研究了承载镍催化剂的三维(3D)炭纤维预型体,在含氢或无氢条件下,乙烷和合成天然气在其上面化学气相沉积形成的炭沉积率和碳纳米构结物。观察了炭沉积所获石墨纳米纤维、碳纳米管和石墨碳壳,得知沉积碳的纳米结构取决于沉积温度和碳源气组成。在650℃～800℃温间,总沉积时程直至12h,研究了烃类碳源气在氢气平衡下,从体积分数100%到20%变化情况。经Ni(NO3)2-6H2O甲醇溶液浸渍的3D炭纤维预型体在炭沉积前因溶液分解可还原出Ni。采用质量变化测定法、热谱-质谱分析仪、SEM、TEM和XRD对样品进行表征。结果表明:纤维状炭与囊包炭的比率随氢气含量的增加而增加,随反应温度的增高而减少。出乎意料的是,氢气的添加并不延长催化剂的寿命。该工艺过程对炭/炭复合材料的制备展示出良好的潜力。

关键词：催化生长炭炭纤维烷烃气浸渍显微镜方法