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MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

作者： Bridget Martinez philip V.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

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Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

We performed a PubMed search for microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear *** of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had performed microRNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA *** five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microRNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to *** microRNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and miR-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs as a novel therapy.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood plasma blood serum diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male Veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

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Countability of Infinite Paths in the Infinity Tree: Proof of the Continuum Hypothesis in a Non-Cantorian Infinity Theory

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2025年第1期15卷 73-90页

作者： philip C. Jackson TalaMind LLC Troy MI USA

A previous paper showed that the real numbers between 0 and 1 could be represented by an infinite tree structure, called the ‘infinity tree’, which contains only a countably infinite number of nodes and arcs. This paper discusses how a finite-state Turing machine could, in a countably infinite number of state transitions, write all the infinite paths in the infinity tree to a countably infinite tape. Hence it is argued that the real numbers in the interval [0, 1] are countably infinite in a non-Cantorian theory of infinity based on Turing machines using countably infinite space and time. In this theory, Cantor’s Continuum Hypothesis can also be proved. And in this theory, it follows that the power set of the natural numbers P(ℕ) is countably infinite, which contradicts the claim of Cantor’s Theorem for the natural numbers. However, this paper does not claim there is an error in Cantor’s arguments that [0, 1] is uncountably infinite. Rather, this paper considers the situation as a paradox, resulting from different choices about how to represent and count the continuum of real numbers.

关键词： Infinity Countable Uncountable Diagonalization Real Numbers Infinity Tree Continuum Hypothesis Turing Machine Infinite Time Turing Machine Non-Cantorian

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Multiple-event-triggered adaptive fuzzy output-feedback control for MIMO uncertain nonlinear systems

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 216-226页

作者： Shuai SUI Yu YANg Shaocheng TONg C.L.philip cheN School of Science Liaoning University of TechnologyJinzhou 121001China School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The article addresses the output-feedback control issue for a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)uncertain nonlinear systems with multiple event-triggered mechanisms(ETM).Compared to previous event-triggering studies,this paper aims to trigger both the output and filtered *** nonlinear dynamics are approximated using fuzzy logic systems(FLSs).Then,a novel kind of state observer has been designed to deal with unmeasurable state problems using the triggered output *** sampled estimated state,the triggered output signal,and the filtered signal are utilized to propose an event-triggering mechanism that consists of sensor-to-observer(SO)and observer-to-controller(OC).An event-triggered output feedback control approach is given inside backstepping control,whereby the filter may be employed to circumvent the issue of the virtual control function not being differentiable at the trigger *** is testified that,according to the Lyapunov stability analysis scheme,all closed-loop signals and the system output are ultimately uniformly constrained by our control ***,the simulation examples are performed to confirm the theoretical findings.

关键词： event-triggered control(ETC) dynamic surface control(DSC) output-feedback control fuzzy adaptive control

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Changes in factor profiles deriving from photochemical losses of volatile organic compounds:Insight from daytime and nighttime positive matrix factorization ana

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 627-639页

作者： Baoshuang Liu Tao Yang Sicong Kang Fuquan Wang Haixu Zhang Man Xu Wei Wang Jinrui Bai Shaojie Song Qili Dai Yinchang Feng philip K.Hopke State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control&Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research Tianjin 300350China Beijing Make Environment Science&Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China Shijiazhuang Environmental Prediction Center Shijiazhuang 050022China Department of Public Health Sciences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Institute for a Sustainable Environment Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

Substantial effects of photochemical reaction losses of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)on factor profiles can be investigated by comparing the differences between daytime and nighttime dispersion-normalized VOC data resolved *** speciated VOC data measured in Shijiazhuang,China from May to September 2021 were used to conduct *** mean VOC concentration in the daytime and at nighttime were 32.8 and 36.0 ppbv,*** and aromatics concentrations in the daytime(12.9 and 3.08 ppbv)were lower than nighttime(15.5 and 3.63 ppbv),whereas that of alkenes showed the opposite *** concentration differences between daytime and nighttime for alkynes and halogenated hydrocarbonswere uniformly *** reactivities of the dominant species in factor profiles for gasoline emissions,natural gas and diesel vehicles,and liquefied petroleum gas were relatively low and their profiles were less affected by photochemical *** losses produced a substantial impact on the profiles of solvent use,petrochemical industry emissions,combustion sources,and biogenic emissions where the dominant species in these factor profiles had high *** the profile of biogenic emissions was substantially affected by photochemical loss of isoprene,the low emissions at nighttime also had an important impact on its *** losses of highly active VOC species substantially reduced their concentrations in apportioned factor *** study results were consistent with the analytical results obtained through initial concentration estimation,suggesting that the initial concentration estimation could be the most effective currently availablemethod for the source analyses of active VOCs although with uncertainty.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Dispersion normalization Photochemical loss Factor profile Positive matrix factorization

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Empirical Wavelet Transform Based Method for Identification and Analysis of Sub-synchronous Oscillation Modes Using PMU Data

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 34-40页

作者： Joice g.philip Jaesung Jung Ahmet Onen the Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Abdullah Gul UniversityKayseri38080Turkey the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMuscatOman

This paper proposes an empirical wavelet transform(EWT)based method for identification and analysis of sub-synchronous oscillation(SSO)modes in the power system using phasor measurement unit(PMU)*** phasors from PMUs are preprocessed to check for the presence of *** the presence is established,the signal is decomposed using EWT and the parameters of the mono-components are estimated through Yoshida *** superiority of the proposed method is tested using test signals with known parameters and simulated using actual SSO signals from the Hami Power grid in Northwest *** show the effectiveness of the proposed EWT-Yoshida method in detecting the SSO and estimating its parameters.

关键词： Empirical wavelet transform(EWT) sub-synchronous oscillation Prony-based method Yoshida algorithm variational mode decomposition phasor measurement unit(PMU)

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Denitrification and the challenge of scaling microsite knowledge to the globe

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mLife 2023年第3期2卷 229-238页

作者： g.philip Robertson W.K.Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State UniversityHickory CornersMichiganUSA Department of Plant Soiland Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

Our knowledge of microbial processes—who is responsible for what,the rates at which they occur,and the substrates consumed and products produced—is imperfect for many if not most taxa,but even less is known about how microsite processes scale to the ecosystem and thence the *** both natural and managed environments,scaling links fundamental knowledge to application and also allows for global assessments of the importance of microbial *** rarely is scaling straightforward:More often than not,process rates in situ are distributed in a highly skewed fashion,under the influence of multiple interacting controls,and thus often difficult to sample,quantify,and *** date,quantitative models of many important processes fail to capture daily,seasonal,and annual fluxes with the precision needed to effect meaningful management *** cycle processes are a case in point,and denitrification is a prime *** models based on machine learning can improve predictability and identify the best environmental predictors but are—by themselves—insufficient for revealing process-level knowledge gaps or predicting outcomes under novel environmental *** models that incorporate well-calibrated process models as predictors for machine learning algorithms can provide both improved understanding and more reliable forecasts under environmental conditions not yet *** trait-based models into such efforts promises to improve predictions and understanding still further,but much more development is needed.

关键词： ecosystems microsites N_(2) N_(2)O modeling

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Clinical impact of an anti-biofilm Hydrofiber dressing in hard-to-heal wounds previously managed with traditional antimicrobial products and systemic antibiotics

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Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 388-396页

作者： Daniel g.Metcalf philip g.Bowler Science&Technology Research&DevelopmentConvaTec Ltd.DeesideFlintshireUK

Background:Hard-to-heal wounds are often compromised by the presence of *** presents an infection risk,yet traditional antimicrobial wound care products and systemic antibiotics are often used despite the uncertainty of therapeutic success and wound *** aim of this study was to investigate the clinical impact of a next-generation anti-biofilm Hydrofiber wound dressing(AQUACEL Ag+Extra[AQAg+E])in hard-to-heal wounds that had previously been treated unsuccessfully with traditional silver-,iodine-or polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB)-containing dressings and products and/or systemic ***:Clinical case study evaluations of the anti-biofilm dressing were conducted,where deteriorating or stagnant wounds were selected by clinicians and primary dressings were replaced by the anti-biofilm dressing for up to 4 weeks,or as deemed clinically appropriate,with monitoring via case report *** data was stratified for cases where traditional silver-,iodine-or PHMBcontaining products,or systemic antibiotics,had been used prior to the introduction of the antibiofilm ***:Sixty-five cases were identified for inclusion,wounds ranging in duration from 1 week to 20 years(median:12 months).In 47(72%)cases the wounds were stagnant,while 15(23%)were deteriorating;3 wounds were not *** an average of 4.2 weeks of management with the anti-biofilm dressing(range:1–11 weeks),in 11(17%)cases the wounds had healed(*** wound closure),40(62%)wounds improved,9(14%)wounds remained the same and 5(8%)wounds ***:The introduction of this anti-biofilm dressing into protocols of care that had previously involved wound management with traditional antimicrobial products and/or antibiotics was shown to facilitate improvements in the healing status of most of these hard-to-heal *** containing proven anti-biofilm technology,in combination with antimicrobial silver and exudate management technology,appear to b

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobials AQUACEL Ag+Extra Biofilm Dressings Iodine Hard-to-heal wounds Polyhexamethylene biguanide Silver

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Maternal effects, malaria infections and the badge size of the house sparrow

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Chinese Birds 2015年第4期6卷 215-224页

作者： philip L.g.Birget Stephen D.Larcombe St Peter’s College University of Oxford Institute of Evolutionary Biology University of Edinburgh Edward grey Institute of Field Ornithology University of Oxford Centre de Recherche de la Tour du Valat Jesus College University of Oxford Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow

Background: The evolution of sexual signals is not only determined by immediate sexual selection but also by selection arising from the environment and the interaction with developmental *** this study we aimed to investigate how the badge size of male house sparrows(Passer domesticus) is correlated to avian malaria infections as well as to prenatal testosterone exposure,measured as the 2D:4D digit *** rationale behind this study is that the immunosuppressive effect of maternal testosterone deposition combined with the fitness cost imposed by parasites may cause important trade-offs to the development of secondary sexual ***: Assuming that vector abundance is a key variable associated with infection risk by avian malaria,we caught adult male sparrows from eight different populations in the Camargue,France,four of which were located in a vector-controlled area,and the other four in an untreated *** each bird we measured its badge size,digit ratio and took blood to determine its infections *** used PCR to identify the malaria parasite species and strain that caused the ***: Contrary to our expectation,prevalence of disease did not differ across the vector-treatment regions,with around 80 % of birds being infected in both areas,and those infections were caused largely by a single strain,Plasmodium relictum *** infected birds had a badge size not significantly different from uninfected males,there was a condition-dependent association between badge size,infection status and maternal testosterone ***: This study illustrates that the complexity of temporal and ecological dimensions makes the relationships between disease,testosterone-related traits and secondary sexual signals that have been previously reported less general than thought.

关键词： Avian malaria Digit ratio Passer domesticus Sexual signals

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