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Endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with stenosis of ampulla of Vater:Three-year follow-up of exocrine pancreatic function and clinical symptoms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 901-905页

作者： Nils Ewald Axel Michael Marzeion Reinhard Georg Bretzel Hans Ulrich Kloer philip daniel hardt Third Medical Depart-ment and Policlinic University Hospital Giessen and Marburg Giessen Site D-35392 Giessen Germany

AIM: To investigate retrospectively the long-term effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) including exocrine pancreatic function in patients with stenosis of ampulla of Vater. METHODS: After diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and ES because of stenosis of the ampulla of Vater (SOD Type Ⅰ), follow-up examinations were performed in 60 patients (mean follow-up time 37.7 mo). Patients were asked about clini-cal signs and symptoms at present and before interven-tion using a standard questionnaire. Before and after ES exocrine pancreatic function was assessed by determina-tion of immunoreactive fecal elastase 1. Serum enzymes indicating cholestasis as well as serum lipase and amy-lase were measured. RESULTS: Eighty percent of patients reported an im-provement in their general condition after ES. The fecal elastase 1 concentrations (FEC) in all patients increased significantly after ES. This effect was even more marked in patients with pathologically low concentrations (< 200 μg/g) of fecal elastase prior to ES. The levels of serum lipase and amylase as well as serum alcaline phosphatase (AP) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) decreased signifi-cantly after ES. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that patients with stenosis of the ampulla of Vater can be successfully treated with endoscopic sphincterotomy. The positive effect is not only indicated by sustained improvement of clinical symptoms and cholestasis but also by improvement of exocrine pancreatic function.

关键词：慢性胰腺炎内镜括约肌切开术 Oddi括约肌机能失调乳头狭窄外分泌功能症状随访

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Pseudospin-2 in photonic chiral borophene

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Photonics Research 2023年第5期11卷 869-877页

作者： philip MENZ HAISSAM HANAFI daniel LEYKAM JÖRG IMBROCK CORNELIA DENZ Institute of Applied Physics University of MuensterMuenster 48149Germany Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt(PTB) 38116 BraunschweigGermany

Pseudospin is an angular momentum degree of freedom introduced in analogy to the real electron spin in the effective massless Dirac-like equation used to describe wave evolution at conical intersections such as the Dirac cones of ***,we study a photonic implementation of a chiral borophene allotrope hosting a pseudospin-2 conical intersection in its energy-momentum *** presence of this fivefold spectral degeneracy gives rise to quasiparticles with pseudospin up to±*** report on conical diffraction and pseudospin-orbit interaction of light in photonic chiral borophene,which,as a result of topological charge conversion,leads to the generation of highly charged optical phase vortices.

关键词： spectrum chiral momentum

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Universal influenza virus vaccines： what can we learn from the human immune response following exposure to H7 subtype viruses？

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Frontiers of Medicine 2017年第4期11卷 471-479页

作者： daniel Stadlbauer Raffael Nachbagauer philip Meade Florian Krammer Department of Microbiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York IVY 10024 USA Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences 1190 Vienna Austria Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10024 USA

Several universal influenza virus vaccine candidates based on eliciting antibodies against the hemagglutinin stalk domain are in development. Typically, these vaccines induce responses that target group 1 or group 2 hemagglutinins with Httle to no cross-group reactivity and protection. Similarly, the majority of human anti-stalk monoclonal antibodies that have been isolated are directed against group 1 or group 2 hemagglutinins with very few that bind to hemagglutinins of both groups. Here we review what is known about the human humoral immune response to vaccination and infection with H7 subtype influenza viruses on a polyclonal and monoclonal level. It seems that unlike vaccination with H5 hemagglutinin, which induces antibody responses mostly restricted to the group 1 stalk domain, H7 exposure induces both group 2 and cross-group antibody responses. A better understanding of this phenomenon and the underlying mechanisms might help to develop future universal influenza virus vaccine candidates.

关键词： universal influenza virus vaccine hemagglutinin stalk H7N9

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Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7276-7281页

作者： Nils Ewald philip D hardt Justus-Liebig-University Giessen 35392 GiessenGermany Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital Luebbecke-Rahden32312 LuebbeckeGermany

Diabetes secondary to pancreatic diseases is commonly referred to as pancreatogenic diabetes or type 3c diabetes *** is a clinically relevant condition with a prevalence of 5%-10%among all diabetic subjects in Western *** nearly 80%of all type 3c diabetes mellitus cases,chronic pancreatitis seems to be the underlying *** prevalence and clinical importance of diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis has certainly been underestimated and underappreciated so *** contrast to the management of type 1 or type2 diabetes mellitus,the endocrinopathy in type 3c is very *** course of the disease is complicated by additional present comorbidities such as maldigestion and concomitant qualitative *** awareness that patients with known and/or clinically overt chronic pancreatitis will develop type 3c diabetes mellitus(up to 90%of all cases)is rather ***,in a patient first presenting with diabetes mellitus,chronic pancreatitis as a potential causative condition is seldom *** many patients are *** failure to correctly diagnose type 3 diabetes mellitus leads to a failure to implement an appropriate medical *** patients with type 3c diabetes mellitus treating exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,preventing or treating a lack of fat-soluble vitamins(especially vitamin D)and restoring impaired fat hydrolysis and incretin secretion are key-features of medical therapy.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Chronic pancreatitis Type 3c diabetes Pancreatogenic diabetes Pancreatitis

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Bio-inspiration as a Concept for Sustainable Constructions Illustrated on Graded Concrete

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 742-753页

作者： Rafael Horn Stefan Albrecht Walter Haase Max Langer daniel Schmeer Werner Sobek Olga Speck philip Leistner Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP GaBi Stuttgart 70563Germany Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design(ILEK’) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Plant Biomechanics Group Botanic GardenUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany Institute for Acoustics and Building Physics University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany

The building industry is one of the main contributors to worldwide resource consumption and anthropogenic climate ***,sustainable solutions in construction are particularly *** by the success principles of living nature,biologists and engineers present here an interdisciplinary work:The sustainability assessment of a bio-inspired material technology called graded concrete,which was developed at *** structural materials can be found in plants on different hierarchical levels,providing a multitude of creative solutions for *** concrete applies this biological concept of structural optimization to the interior structure of concrete components to minimize material and resource *** evaluate the sustainability of this innovation,a newly developed quantitative Bio-inspired Sustainability Assessment(BiSA)method is *** focuses on the relationship of environmental,social and economic functions and the corresponding burdens quantified basing on life cycle *** BiSA of graded concrete slabs shows significant improvements over conventional concrete for the applied use *** an overall reduction of environmental burdens by 13%is expected,economic burdens can be reduced by up to 40%and social burdens by 35.7%.The assessment of the graded concrete technology identifies its potential with regard to sustainable *** presented work provides a blueprint for the interdisciplinary,integrative work on sustainable,bio-inspired *** shows that the synergies of bio-inspiration and BiSA within technical product development can be fruitful.

关键词： sustainability assessment bio-inspired sustainability graded concrete biomimetic promise BiSA

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Social Choice Meets Graph Drawing: How to Get Subexponential Time Algorithms for Ranking and Drawing Problems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2014年第4期19卷 374-386页

作者： Henning Fernau Fedor V.Fomin daniel Lokshtanov Matthias Mnich Geevarghese philip Saket Saurabh FB 4-Abteilung Informatikwissenschaften Universitt Trier D-54286 TrierGermany the Department of Informatics University of Bergen N-5020 Bergen Norway Max-Planck-Institut fr Informatik D-66123 Saarbrcken Germany the Institute of Mathematical Sciences Chennai - 600113 India

We analyze a common feature of p-Kemeny AGGregation（p-KAGG） and p-One-Sided Crossing Minimization（p-OSCM） to provide new insights and findings of interest to both the graph drawing community and the social choice community. We obtain parameterized subexponential-time algorithms for p-KAGG—a problem in social choice theory—and for p-OSCM—a problem in graph drawing. These algorithms run in time O＊（2O（√k log k））,where k is the parameter, and significantly improve the previous best algorithms with running times O.1.403k/and O.1.4656k/, respectively. We also study natural ＂above-guarantee＂ versions of these problems and show them to be fixed parameter tractable. In fact, we show that the above-guarantee versions of these problems are equivalent to a weighted variant of p-directed feedback arc set. Our results for the above-guarantee version of p-KAGG reveal an interesting contrast. We show that when the number of ＂votes＂ in the input to p-KAGG is odd the above guarantee version can still be solved in time O＊（2O（√k log k））, while if it is even then the problem cannot have a subexponential time algorithm unless the exponential time hypothesis fails（equivalently, unless FPT D M[1]）.

关键词： Kemeny aggregation one-sided crossing minimization parameterized complexity subexponential-time algorithms social choice theory graph drawing directed feedback arc set

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Biofilm delays wound healing: A review of the evidence

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Burns & Trauma 2013年第1期1卷 5-12页

作者： daniel G. Metcalf philip G. Bowler Infection Prevention ConvaTec Ltd. Global Development Centre First Avenue Deeside Industrial Park Flintshire CH52NU UK

Biofilm is the predominant mode of life for bacteria and today it is implicated in numerous human diseases. A growing body of scientific and clinical evidence now exists regarding the presence of biofilm in wounds. This review summarizes the clinical experiences and in vivo evidence that implicate biofilm in delayed wound healing. The various mechanisms by which biofilm may impede healing are highlighted, including impaired epithelialization and granulation tissue formation, and reduced susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents and host defenses. Strategies to manage biofilm and encourage progression to wound healing are discussed;these include debridement and appropriate antimicrobial therapies which may be improved upon in the future with the emergence of anti-biofilm technologies.

关键词： Biofilm delayed healing evidence wound

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Suitability of VVC and HEVC for Video Telehealth Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 529-547页

作者： Muhammad Arslan Usman Muhammad Rehan Usman Rizwan Ali Naqvi Bernie Mcphilips Christopher Romeika daniel Cunliffe Christos Politis Nada philip Faculty of Science Engineering and ComputingKingston UniversityLondonKT12EEUK School of Electrical Engineering Superior UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Pangea Connected Ltd. LondonKT11BLUK

Video compression in medical video streaming is one of the key technologies associated with mobile *** delivery of medical video streams over a resource constrained network emphasizes the need of a video codec that requires minimum bitrates and maintains high perceptual *** paper presents a comparative study between High Efciency Video Coding(HEVC)and its potential successor Versatile Video Coding(VVC)in the context of healthcare.A large-scale subjective experiment comprising of twenty-four non-expert participants is presented for eight different test conditions in Full High Denition(FHD)*** presented analysis highlights the impact of compression artefacts on the perceptual quality of HEVC and VVC processed *** results and ndings show that VVC clearly outperforms HEVC in terms of achieving higher compression,while maintaining high quality in FHD *** requires upto 40%less bitrate for encoding an FHD video at excellent perceptual *** have provided rate-quality curves for both encoders and a degree of overlap across both codecs in terms of perceptual ***,there is a 71%degree of overlap in terms of quality between VVC and HEVC compressed videos for eight different test conditions.

关键词： Mobile healthcare subjective analysis telemedicine video compression video quality assessment

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Reversal of pulmonary vein remodeling after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第2期13卷 163-168页

作者： Jia-Hui WU Hung-Kei LI daniel M Couri philip A Araoz Ying-Hsiang Lee Chang-Sheng MA Douglas L Packer Yong-Mei CHA Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Beijing China Heart Rhythm Specialists Phoenix Arizona USA Prairie Cardiovascular Consultants Ltd. Springfield Illinois USA Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan China Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA

BackgroundPulmonary 静脉(PV ) 和正厅经历电、结构在 atrial 纤维性颤动(AF ) 改变。试图决定 PV 和在为 AF 的导管脱离用胸估计了以后，改变的左 atrial (LA ) 颠倒的这研究计算了 .MethodsPV electrophysiologic 学习的断层摄影术(C... 详细信息

BackgroundPulmonary 静脉(PV ) 和正厅经历电、结构在 atrial 纤维性颤动(AF ) 改变。试图决定 PV 和在为 AF 的导管脱离用胸估计了以后，改变的左 atrial (LA ) 颠倒的这研究计算了 .MethodsPV electrophysiologic 学习的断层摄影术(CT ) ，导管脱离在 63 个病人被执行(68% 男性；吝啬的 ±；SD 年龄：56 ±；10 年) 与征兆的 AF (49% 发作性， 51% 坚持) 。胸 CT 以前被执行并且在导管 *** 基线以后的 3 个月，有坚持的 AF 的病人有更大的 LA 体积(91 ±；29 厘米 3 对 66 ±；27 厘米 3 ；P = 0.003 ) 并且吝啬的 PV ostial 区域(241 ±；43 公里 2 对 212 ±；47 公里 2 ；P = 0.03 ) 比有发作性的 AF 的病人。在有效倔强的时期和左优异 PV 口的区域之间没有重要关联。在 3 月在脱离以后的后续， 48 个病人(76%) 是在上或离开 antiarrhythmic 药免费的 AF。在 LA 体积有重要减小(77 ±；31 厘米 3 到 70 ±；28 厘米 3 ；P <；0.001 ) 并且吝啬的 PV ostial 区域(224 ±；48 公里 2 到 182 ±；43 公里 2 ；P <；0.001 ) 。有坚持的 AF 的病人在 LA 体积有更多的减小(11.8 ±；12.8 厘米 3 对 4.0 ±；11.2 厘米 3 ；P = 0.04 ) 并且 PV ostial 区域(62 公里 2 对 34 公里 2 ；P = 0.04 ) 比有发作性的 AF 的那些。平均 PV ostial 区域的减小显著地与 LA 体积的减小被相关(r = 0.38， P = 0.03 ) AF 的 .ConclusionsCatheter 脱离改进 PV ostia 和左中庭的结构的改变。这发现在病人是更明显的，坚持的 AF 由导管脱离对待。

关键词：胸导管肺静脉重构心房颤动逆转药物治疗抗心律失常

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Studies on the Genesis of Soils in Jong River Basin in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第3期12卷 273-293页

作者： Denis Magnus Ken Amara Patrick Andrew Sawyerr daniel Hindogbe Saidu Osman Sidie Vonu Raymond Morie Musa Joseph Christian Adamu Mboma philip Jimia Kamanda Mohamed Azim Sannoh Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project BRAC Bo Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Extension & Rural Sociology School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone

The soil resources of Sierra Leone remain an integral part of sustainable agricultural development but knowledge of the suitability of soils and their management requirements for a variety of land uses is still lacking to a greater extent. In this view, a detailed soil survey of three chiefdoms in Northern Sierra Leone was undertaken to evaluate the genesis of soils and interpret soil-landscape properties and their relationships using the toposequence and free style approach of soil survey. Three major soil types, viz, gravelly, gravel-free over gravel and gravel-free soils, formed either directly or indirectly from weathered and disintegrated parent materials of two geologic origins namely Rokel River Series (comprising of sandstone, shale and mudstone), and Granite and Acid Gneiss were identified. The gravelly soils are formed from sandstone and sandy shales of the Rokel River Series, which upon weathering released iron and hydrated oxides that hardened into plinthite upon drying. The gravel-free over gravel soils are formed from acid gneiss containing acid and intermediate igneous and metamorphic rocks, which upon weathering produced sandy clay textured soils whereas the gravel-free soils are derived from sedimentary rocks (shales and mudstones) of Rokel River Series, which upon weathering and action of organisms produced sandy clay loam and sandy clay textured soils. The gravel-free over gravel soils are mostly located in the summit and back slopes and show dark brown to dark yellowish-brown hue and moderate chroma, weak to moderate structure and absence of coarse fragments in the 0 - 40 cm layer, and a strong brown hue and high chroma, very weak fine angular blocky structure having abundance of coarse fragments from 40 cm and above. In these soils, the compactness of ironstone and sandstone gravels increases with depth. The gravel-free soils are found on three landscape positions, viz, back slopes, foot slopes and toe slopes. On the back and foot slopes, the so

关键词： Physiography Genesis Soil Land Suitability Climate Oxisols Landform Land Use Sierra Leone

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